Inferences from Signs: Peirce and the Recovery of the σηµεῖον (original) (raw)
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The Two-Way Interpretation Process in Peirce's Late Semiotics: A Priori and a Posteriori
On his own admission Peirce's priority in his work in semiotics concerned the identification of all possible signs, and it is clearly for this reason that of the two typologies announced in the letter to Lady Welby of 23 December 1908—one yielding twenty-eight classes and the other sixty-six— it was the latter that he found the more interesting, to the complete neglect of the former. And yet contributing to the originality of this particular typology is the fact that after 1906 Peirce appears no longer to employ his phaneroscopic categories as the criteria for establishing the various subdivisions in his classifications, preferring instead three modally organized universes, and, in the period from 1907 on, a growing appeal to the requirement of collateral observation of the object in definitions of the sign—both these factors being associated with a greater understanding of the nature of the dynamic object, particularly in the period 1908-1909. The paper thus seeks to demonstrate the potential for semiotic analysis of Peirce's neglected 28-class classification system by showing its originality within the fifteen or more typologies he developed between 1866 and 1908. This, it is to be hoped, will compensate for Peirce's neglect by showing how an examination of the evolving typologies sheds light on the development of his conception of signs and on the shift in the theoretical framework which underwrote it.
On the Genealogy of Signification in Peirce's New List of Categories
Cognitio: Revista de Filosofia, 2021
Many scholars believe "On a New List of Categories" is a metaphysical or transcendental deduction. The present essay will argue that Peirce derives the categories by induction and validates their order by prescision. Then the article shall solicit aid from Peirce's early and later writings to explain how the new way to list the categories can serve as a genealogy of signifi cation: how the diff erent types of term, proposition, and argument emerge in the process of reasoning as the diff erent types of signs. Thus, the genealogy of signifi cation would then qualify as a phenomenology of logic as a science of semiotics. Such a science of semiotics will have three types of comparison corresponding to the sign-relation in illation: namely, uniparance, diaparance, and comparance. Then the three types of comparison will occasion three types of relative in diff erent types of propositions: namely, concurrents, disquiparants, and equiparants. Finally, the three types of relative will occasion the diff erent types of sign corresponding to the diff erent types of term: namely, icons, indices, and symbols. With this classifi cation, there is then an explanation of how the process of reasoning is a semiotic process with three forms of valid argument: namely, hypothesis, induction, and deduction.
Struggle of a description: Peirce and his late semiotics
The paper deals with the problem of Peirce’s theory of signs, placing it within the context of modern semiotics (comparing it with Saussurean semiology, in particular), and considers Peirce’s semiotics from the point of view of his theory of categories (phaneroscopy) and in the terms of his classification of signs. The article emphasizes the complicated system of Peirce’s late, “mature”, semeiotic and his theory (classification) of Interpretant.
Semiotica
Charles S. Peirce attempted to develop his semiotic theory of cognitive signs interpretation, which are originated in our basic perceptual operations that quasi-prove the truth of perceptual judgment representing reality. The essential problem was to explain how, by a cognitive interpretation of the sequence of perceptual signs, we can represent external physical reality and reflectively represent our cognitive mind’s operations of signs. With his phaneroscopy introspection, Peirce shows how, without going outside our cognitions, we can represent external reality. Hence Peirce can avoid the Berkeleyian, Humean, and Kantian phenomenologies, as well as the modern analytic philosophy and hermeneutic phenomenology. Peirce showed that with the trio of semiotic interpretation – abductive logic of discovery of hypotheses, deductive logic of necessary inference, and inductive logic of evaluation – we can reach a complete proof of the true representation of reality. This semiotic logic of re...
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Peirce's semiotics and the russian formalism: points of convergence
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it is a prevailing opinion nowadays that saussurean semiology and Peircean theory of signs are two major semiotic schools which, although they have certain theoretical and historical background in common, are utterly incommensurable. However, it appears that the opposing extremes of saussure's semiology and Peirce's semiotics seem to be reconcilable in the light of the Russian formalism-essentially a saussurean-type semiotic school, which gained wide acclaim in the mid-20th century europe, alongside the French structuralism. in his late paper «oedipus in the light of folklore» Vladimir Propp, one of the formalists, explores the problem of narrative continuity in different folklore traditions. Taking the story of Oedipus Rex as an example, he describes a set of «motives» shaping the story as specific iconic units of discourse by means of which certain forms of narrative are transmitted from one historical period to another. His analysis reveals some striking similarities with Peirce's early ideas on the nature of signs and representation, and in particular those Peirce puts forward in his «on a new list of categories». This paper undertakes to reinterpret some of the late formalist ideas on continuity in terms of Peirce's semiotics. The brief account it presents has a double aim: (1) to show the possibility of building a case where Peirce's basic semiotic ideas might actually be applied as efficient tools in analysis of different traditional discourses, and (2) to enable us to put some basic formalist analytical categories in the wider context of Peirce's semiotics, making purely structural aspect of meaning a particular case of Peirce's theory of signs.
I argue that Peirce-oriented semiotics can be effective tool for analysis of metaphor as a specific form of abductive reasoning - namely Peirce´s notion on abductive form of inference (which could be considered as a banal and famous statement). I would like to explore the notion on the interconnection between guessing and observation in inferential process, which is inherent to usage, understanding, agency and analysis of how the metaphor is understood in Aristotelian way as a comparative inter- or trans-reference (cf. Levin 1982). In the second part of this paper, I would like to stress this conception to the field of some selected post-structural ideas about the interconnection between use of language and the idea of philosophical parasitism as was presented in the texts of J. Derrida and M. Serres.