Cognitive, Emotional, and Social Benefits of Regular Musical Activities in Early Dementia: Randomized Controlled Study (original) (raw)
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Efficacy of musical interventions in dementia: evidence from a randomized controlled trial
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2014
Although musical interventions have recently gained popularity as a non-pharmacological treatment in dementia, there is still insufficient evidence of their effectiveness. To investigate this issue, a single-center randomized controlled trial was conducted with forty-eight patients with Alzheimer's disease or mixed dementia to compare the effects of music versus cooking interventions in the emotional, cognitive, and behavioral domain, as well as on professional caregiver distress. Each intervention lasted four weeks (two one-hour sessions a week). Multi-component evaluations (with blind assessors) were conducted before, during, and after the interventions to assess their short and long-term effects (up to four weeks post interventions). Analyses revealed that both music and cooking interventions led to positive changes in the patients' emotional state and decreased the severity of their behavioral disorders, as well as reduced caregiver distress. However, no benefit on the c...
Music and Dementia Care: Future Possibilities
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and related disorders care is limited by the nature and course of the disease, the resources available to families that are affected, and the economic limitations that health systems have. This paper suggests a protocol that can be adapted by social workers, nurses, and family members that will improve the state of care for patients and families. This intervention can be easily taught to individuals with no musical ability, making treatment not exclusive to Music Therapists. Music is well known to have analgesic effects for dementia sufferers. It has been shown to have calming traits for patients who are emotionally distressed. This intervention has the capacity to engage neurologic capacities in patients no matter what stage of the disease they are. While there is no cure for dementia, and medications have not been able to reverse to course of the disease, this treatment, Musical Reminiscence Therapy (MRT), can provide emotional benefits for patients and families, and the cost of treatment is negligible so it can be adopted by healthcare organizations with very little resources.
Music-Based Therapeutic Interventions for People with Dementia: A Mini-Review
Medicines
The growing population of people with dementia worldwide calls attention to the burdens associated with age-related decline that affects physiology, psychological and cognitive status, and social/emotional wellbeing. The current standards in geriatric care recommend non-pharmacological approaches to these challenges, including safe approaches to managing pain and stress, enhancing symptom relief, and fostering independent lifestyles with the highest quality of life possible. The purpose of this article is to provide definitions of music-based interventions, music therapy applications and clinician qualifications, as well as an umbrella mini-review of meta-analyses regarding music-based interventions for individuals with dementia. Our findings indicate that most descriptions of music therapy protocols in the research lack sufficient detail to enable researchers to compare and replicate studies, and clinicians to apply techniques. Definitions of music therapy and music-based intervent...
Short and Longer Term Effects of Musical Intervention in Severe Alzheimer's Disease
Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2012
in this study, we examined short and longer term effects of musical and cooking interventions on emotional well-being of severe Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. These two pleasurable activities (i.e., listening to music, tasting sweets) that were collectively performed (i.e., playing music together, collaborative preparation of a cake) were compared in two groups of matched patients with AD (N = 14). Each intervention lasted four weeks (two sessions per week) and their effects were regularly assessed up to four weeks after the end of the intervention. We repeatedly evaluated the emotional state of both groups before, during, and after the intervention periods by analyzing discourse content and facial expressions from short filmed interviews as well as caregivers' judgments of mood. The results reveal short-term benefits of both music and cooking interventions on emotional state on all these measures, but long-term benefits were only evident after the music intervention. The present finding suggests that non-pharmacological approaches offer promising methods to improve the quality of life of patients with dementia and that music stimulation is particularly effective to produce long lasting effects on patients' emotional well-being.
Using music interventions in the care of people with dementia
Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987), 2020
The therapeutic properties of music have been recognised since antiquity. In recent years, there has been a growing evidence base to support claims about the benefits of music for individuals with various health conditions, including dementia. It has been reported that music interventions can lead to improvements in cognition, behaviour and psychosocial well-being in people with dementia, as well as improving the experience of carers. Therefore, it is suggested that nurses should consider harnessing music's potential by incorporating it into the care they provide. This article explores the evidence base for the use of music in dementia care and outlines its potential benefits. It also details the range of music interventions, modes of delivery, and considerations for practice and research.
Journal of Personalized Medicine
Music therapy (MT) is considered one of the complementary strategies to pharmacological treatment for behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) of dementia. However, studies adopting MT protocols tailored for institutionalized people with dementia are limited and their usefulness for supporting caregivers is under investigated to date. Our study aimed at evaluating the effects of an MT intervention according to Gerdner and colleagues’ protocol in a sample of 60 elderly people with moderate-to-severe dementia of the Auxologico Institute (Milan, Italy) and associated caregivers, randomly assigned to an Experimental Group (EG) (n = 30) undergoing 30 min of MT two times a week for 8 weeks and to a Control Group (n = 30) (CG) receiving standard care. Before and after the intervention, residents-associated caregivers were administered the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Depression and worry were also assessed in caregivers prior to the interve...
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2021
Introduction: Dementia care is a major public health issue worldwide. The management of behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) is one of the hardest challenges in this context. Non-pharmacological strategies, like musicbased interventions (Mbi), seem promising options, being considered low-risk, widely available and inclusive. This scoping review aimed at mapping all Mbi used in dementia care, targeting BPSD and debriefing its components, structure and rationale. Music therapy and other therapeutic music activities were included. Methods: The Arksey and O'Malley framework, Cochrane recommendations and PRISMA checklist were followed. Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, ASSIA and Humanities Index were searched from first records until the 31 st of March 2020. Snowballing process and screening of relevant journals were also undertaken. A panel of experts critically guided the evidence synthesis. Results: Overall, 103 studies (34 RCT; 12 NRT; 40 Before/After studies and 17 Case Studies) met inclusion criteria. Basic elements of the Mbi, the rationale supporting its development and hypothesis tested were mostly underreported, thus hampering cross-study comparisons and generalizations. Despite this, available evidence indicates that: it is feasible to deliver Mbi to PwD at very different stages and in different settings-from community to acute setting-even for non-music therapists; positive or neutral effects in BPSD are often reported but not without exception; individualization seems a critical factor mediating Mbi effects. Conclusions: Detailed intervention and research reporting are essential to interpretation, replication and translation into practice. Ten years after the 4 publication of specific reporting guidelines, this goal is not yet fully achieved in music in dementia care.
Evidence-Based Guideline: Individualized Music in Persons with Dementia (6th Edition)
2019
The 6th edition of the Evidence-Based Guideline: Individualized Music for Persons with Dementia (PWD) is available as a free downloadable pdf. Individualized music corresponds to four of the Dementia Care Practice Recommendations of the Alzheimer’s Association. This guideline provides the culmination of nearly 30 years of research and clinical implementation as a nonpharmacological intervention for caregiver management of anxiety and agitation in PWD. Understanding potential causes for these behaviors is critical to the safe delivery of care. Timing of the intervention should be individualized along with the selection of music. The intervention has been empirically and clinically tested by scholars in the United States and nine other countries. In addition to reduced anxiety and agitation, PWD have shown positive affect while listening to the music. Family and staff caregivers also report that when played “free field,” individualized music is a stimulus for positive social interacti...
Cognitive and behavioural effects of music-based exercises in patients with dementia
Clinical Rehabilitation, 2004
Objective: To evaluate the effect of a musical exercise programme on mood state and cognitive function in women with dementia. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Public Psychiatric Hospital Rekem, Belgium. Patients: Twenty-five patients with dementia. Interventions: Fifteen patients attended exercise training for three months, which consisted of daily physical exercises supported by music for 30 min/session. They were compared with a group of 10 control patients, who received an equal amount of attention through daily conversation. Main measures: The effect on cognition was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Amsterdam Dementia Screening Test 6 (ADS 6). Behaviour was evaluated with the abbreviated Stockton Geriatric Rating Scale (BOP scale). The assessments were made before, after six weeks of intervention and immediately after the three-month experimental period. Results: The exercise group showed a significant improvement in cognition. This was ...