The protective role of pomegranate juice against carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress in rats (original) (raw)
Antioxidative potential of pomegranate peel extract: In vitro and in vivo studies
Scripta medica, 2023
Background/Aim: Due to the numerous beneficial effects of pomegranate that can be explained through its antioxidative effects, the aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant potential of pomegranate peel extract (PoPEx) prepared from pomegranate that was harvested in the southeast region of Herzegovina (Bosnia and Herzegovina), through in vitro and in vivo studies. Methods: In PoPEx total phenols, flavonoids, flavonols, flavan-3-ols and anthocyanins content was determined, as well as several antioxidative assays, including 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH), 2,2'-azino bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) assay (ABTS), iron (III)-2,4,6-tripyridyl-S-triazine complex assay (FRAP), reduction of copper(II) ions (CUPRAC) assay, Briggs-Rauscher oscillatory reactions, neutralisation of OH radicals and lipid peroxidation assay. In vivo studies were performed by administrating 100 mg/ kg of body weight of PoPEx to the rats by gavage for 7 days, after which the rats were euthanised and prooxidative parameters (thiobabrituric acid reactive substances-TBARS as an index of lipid peroxidation, nitrites-NO 2 , hydrogen peroxide-H 2 O 2 and superoxide anion radical O 2-) were determined in plasma, as well as antioxidative parameters (superoxide dismutase-SOD, reduced glutathione-GSH and catalase-CAT) in erythrocyte lysates. Results: High content of phenolic compounds was found in PoPEx, which resulted in high antioxidative potential in all in vitro tests performed. In vivo study showed that PoPEx administration caused a significant decrease in TBARS, NO 2-, as well as an increase in reduced glutathione (p < 0.05) in comparison to the control group, while H 2 O 2 and O 2 * showed a lowering trend and SOD and CAT showed an increasing trend in PoPEx group, but without statistical significance. Conclusion: PoPEx demonstrated high antioxidative capacity measured in vitro and in vivo and can be potentially used as a supplement treatment in the prevention of various inflammatory conditions.
In vitro and In vivo studies on antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of Pomegranate fruits
The present study was aimed at investigating the antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract of pomegranate (Punica granatum) fruit. The antioxidant activities of extract have been evaluated by using in vitro assays and in vivo model. In case of in vitro studies, the antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of pomegranate fruit was 198.31 mg/100g; 192.25 mg/100g; 181.13 mg/100g and 143.24 mg/100g by DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide radical scavenging assays and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, respectively. In case of in vivo studies, the levels of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were restored towards the normal value in fruit supplemented alloxan induced diabetic rats. The free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities may be attributed to the presence of total poly phenols (148.61 mg/100g), total flavonoids (209.83 mg/100g) and ascorbic acid content (24.21 mg/100g) present in pomegranate fruit. The results obtained in the present study indicate that pomegranate fruit is a potential source of natural antioxidant.
The pomegranate seed oil (PSO) presents a high content of the punicic acid (PA), which is a conjugated isomer of α-linolenic acid (CLNA). Conjugated fatty acids have increasingly attracted scientific interest because of their several potential health benefits, including antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the supplementation effect of PSO on oxidative stress markers in rats subjected to liver injury by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ). Animals were supplemented with PSO at concentrations of 2% and 4%, for 21 days, and then subjected to liver injury induced by CCl4 . The PSO supplementation reduced serum aminotransferase enzymes and the percentage of liver damage induced by CCl4 . Conversely, PSO supplementation increased the lipid hydroperoxides levels in the liver. Overall, these results suggest that supplementation with PSO is not capable of attenuating markers of oxidative stress caused by CCl4
International Journal of Research, 2016
Pomegranate peel extracts (PPE) have been shown to possess significant antioxidant activity. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of PPE on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced toxicity in mice. Forty adult mice were divided into four groups of 10 mice each. The first group was kept as a control. The second group was administered orally by PPE (400 mg/kg) for 15 days. The third group was intraperitoneally injected by a mixture of (1ml/kg) of CCl4 and sterile olive oil [1:1(v/v)] two times a week for 15 days. The fourth Group was injected (IP) by a mixture of (1ml/kg) of CCl4 and sterile olive oil [1:1(v/v)] two times a week concurrently with a daily oral dose of PPE (400 mg/kg) for 15 days. The biochemical studies showed that CCl4intoxication induced a significant increase in serum of aspartate amino transferase (AST) and alanine amino transferase (ALT) levels and treatment with PPE showed decreased in these elevated enzymes. The histological examination of liver sectio...
Mixed Pro- and Anti-Oxidative Effects of Pomegranate Polyphenols in Cultured Cells
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2014
In recent years, the number of scientific papers concerning pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and its health properties has increased greatly, and there is great potential for the use of bioactive-rich pomegranate extracts as ingredients in functional foods and nutraceuticals. To translate this potential into effective strategies it is essential to further elucidate the mechanisms of the reported bioactivity. In this study HepG2 cells were supplemented with a pomegranate fruit extract or with the corresponding amount of pure punicalagin, and then subjected to an exogenous oxidative stress. Overall, upon the oxidative stress the gene expression and activity of the main antioxidant enzymes appeared reduced in supplemented cells, which were more prone to the detrimental effects than unsupplemented ones. No differences were detected between cells supplemented with the pomegranate juice or the pure punicalagin. Although further studies are needed due to the gaps existing between in vitro and in vivo studies, our results suggest caution in the administration of high concentrations of nutraceutical molecules, particularly when they are administered in concentrated form.
2014
The aim of the present study was the assessment of the antioxidant effects of pomegranate juice (PJ) consumption in humans. Thus, 14 healthy volunteers consumed PJ daily for a period of 15 days and the changes of oxidative stress markers in their blood were assessed at four different time points, immediately before the experiment (T1), after 15 days of juice administration (T2), one (T3) and three weeks (T4) after the interruption of PJ administration. The markers studied were total antioxidant capacity (TAC), levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyls (CARB) measured in plasma, as well as reduced glutathione (GSH), and catalase activity (CAT) measured in erythrocytes. The MDA was reduced by 24.4% at T3 and CARB were reduced by 19.6% and 17.7% at T2 and T3, respectively, supporting the evidence that PJ consumption enhances the antioxidant status in humans by decreasing lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. Moreover, GSH levels were significantly increased (22.6%) at T2, indicating that PJ consumption improves the antioxidant mechanisms in erythrocytes by increasing GSH levels. Finally, it was shown that even a week after stopping PJ consumption some of its beneficial effects on antioxidant status still remained in the organism.
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of the liver and is considered one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Due to its scavenging activity, Punica granatum may be used for the treatment and prevention of liver diseases. The current study investigated the protective mechanism underlying the effects of pomegranate against a rat model of carbon tetrachloride–induced liver injury. Intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 resulted in liver inflammation, oxidative stress, and accumulation of lipid in hepatocytes. CCl4 induced a downregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and melonaldehyde (MDA). Pomegranate protection was assessed in terms of biochemical parameters, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. Promegranate administration decreased inflammation, elevated serum enzymes and ROS production, and countered the debilitating effects caused by CCl4. In addition, CCl4-induced histological changes were absent in the crude pomegranate extract group, which also enhanc...
The effect of pomegranate on oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 2019
Pomegranate contains remarkable amounts of phenolic ingredients and it has been related to the antioxidant capacity of this fruit. Several primary studies show that pomegranate intake can improve antioxidant status. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis consisted in investigating the effect of pomegranate on oxidative stress (OS) parameters. Methods: A comprehensive electronic database search in Scopus, Web of science, Embase, Cochrane library and Medline was performed to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A meta-analysis of included studies was performed on selected variables using a random-effects model. Quality assessment was conducted by means of Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Results: Systematic search yielded 575 references. A total of 11 RCTs reporting data from 484 participants included. Meta-analysis of data from 11 included RCTs did not support convincing evidence as to a significant increasing effect of pomegranate intake in TAC (
Abstract: Nicotine [(S)-(-)-1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) pyrrolidine(+)-bitartrate salt] can cause an increase in oxidative stress, serum cardiac enzymes activities, serum concentrations of total cholesterol triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and lower levels of the cardioprotective high-density lipoprotein and disturbance in serum electrolytes and minerals. Pomegranate juice possess a marked antioxidant capacity with a high content in tannins, phenols and flavonoids. Flavanoids of pomegranate possess antiatherogenic, cardioprotective, and hypolipidemic activities. The present work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pomegranate juice as a natural source of antioxidants to minimize the harmful effects of nicotine induced cardiactoxicity, dyslipidemia, atherogenic and disturbance in serum electrolytes and minerals in New Zealand rabbits. In this study, twenty four male New Zealand rabbits were used for this study and divided into four groups. The first group was control group, the 2nd group was administered the pomegranate juice orally, the 3rd was the experimental and received intraperitoneal injection of nicotine (6 mg/kg body weight /day), the 4th one co-administered intraperitoneal injection of nicotine (6 mg/kg body weight /day) and pomegranate juice orally for 6 weeks. Blood samples were obtained for assessment of serum activities of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, serum concentrations of sodium ions, potassium ions, calcium and phosphorus, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol parameters and estimation of non HDLc, LDLc, VLDLc, cardiac risk ratio (Castelli’s risk index I), Castelli’s risk index II, therogenic coefficient and atherogenic index of plasma parameters. In nicotine treated animals, the serum activities of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, serum concentrations of potassium ions, calcium and phosphorus, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, non HDLc, LDLc, VLDLc, Castelli’s risk index I, Castelli’s risk index II, atherogenic coefficient and atherogenic index of plasma parameters were significantly (p<0.05), increased as compared to the control group. On the other hand, serum HDLc and sodium ions were decreased as compared to the control group. Coadministration of pomegranate juice significantly improved of serum lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase activities, electrolytes and minerals, glucose, lipids profile parameters and the ratios based on lipids profile parameters. It is recommended that the heavy smokers should be advised to take pomegranate juice as a rich source of antioxidant to prevent cardiactoxicity, dyslipidemia, atherogenic effects and serum electrolytes and minerals disturbance induced by nicotine. Further studies are necessary to elucidate exact mechanism of the cardio-protective, antidyslipidemic, antiatherogenic, and regulates serum electrolytes and minerals of pomegranate juice and potential usefulness of pomegranate juice as a protective agent against nicotine induced cardiactoxicity, atherogenic, dyslipidemia, serum electrolytes and minerals disturbance in clinical trials
Cardiovascular Toxicology, 2010
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of pre-supplementation with pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice (PJ) on heart weight, infarct size, plasma marker enzymes of cardiac damage, lipid peroxidation, endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, cardiac ATPases and histopathology of isoproterenol (IP)-induced cardiac necrosis (CN) in rats. Rats treated with IP (85 mg/kg, s.c.) for 2 days at an interval of 24 h caused significant (P \ 0.05) infarct in myocardium and increase in heart weight, lipid peroxidation (LPO), activity levels of Ca ?2 ATPase and plasma marker enzymes, while there was significant (P \ 0.05) decrease in endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and Na ? -K ? and Mg ?2 ATPases. Pre-supplementation with PJ for 30 consecutive days and treated with IP on days 29th and 30th showed significantly (P \ 0.05) lesser increase in heart weight, infarct size, plasma marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation, Ca ?2 ATPase and a significant protective effect in endogenous enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, Na ? -K ? and Mg ?2 ATPases compared to IP alone treated group. Present study provides first scientific report on protective effect of supplementation of Pomegranate juice against IP-induced CN in rats.