Relationship between plasma cell levels and profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with subacute extrinsic allergic alveolitis (original) (raw)
Related papers
Lung and blood T cell repertoire in extrinsic allergic alveolitis
European Respiratory Journal
Patients with extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) have accumulations of T-lymphocytes in their lungs. CD8+ lung T-cells, in particular, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of EAA. The objective of the present study was to analyse the T-cell receptor (TCR) Vα and Vβ gene usage of CD4+ and CD8+ lung and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) before and after treatment.
Lung and blood T-cell receptor repertoire in extrinsic allergic alveolitis
European Respiratory Journal, 1997
Patients with extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) have accumulations of T-lymphocytes in their lungs. CD8+ lung T-cells, in particular, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of EAA. The objective of the present study was to analyse the T-cell receptor (TCR) Vα and Vβ gene usage of CD4+ and CD8+ lung and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) before and after treatment. Twelve patients with clinical signs of extrinsic allergic alveolitis were studied at disease onset, and nine of the 12 were also studied after treatment and clinical recovery. Lung cells, obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and paired PBL samples were analysed by flow cytometry using a panel of anti-TCR V monoclonal antibodies. The changes in TCR V gene usage were most pronounced in BAL CD8+ cells, as compared to the BAL CD4+, PBL CD8+ and PBL CD4+ subsets. At disease onset, 10 of the 12 patients had lung restricted expansions of CD8+ T-cells using a particular Vα or Vβ gene segment, and 8 of the 12 patients had CD8+ T-cell expansions in PBL. For the patients in whom a follow-up was possible, a majority of the expansions in the lungs were normalized, whereas most of the expansions in PBL remained. An over-representation of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DR2 (15) was detected, particularly among patients with farmer's lung. An increased selected T-cell receptor V gene usage may follow specific interactions between T-cells and antigens. In extrinsic allergic alveolitis, we determined that such expansions occur most frequently in the lung CD8+ T-cells. Since most expansions of lung CD8+ T-cells normalized with clinical improvement, these are further implicated in the pathogenesis of extrinsic allergic alveolitis.
Thorax, 1988
Bronchial responsiveness to inhaled methacholine was measured four to six days before fibreoptic bronchoscopy in 22 asthmatic patients (10 smokers) and 20 control subjects (12 smokers). The asthmatic patients had a baseline FEV, greater than 60% predicted and a PD20FEV, (provocative dose of methacholine causing a 20% fall in FEV,) of 0 006-3-7 mg. The 20 control subjects had normal pulmonary function and a PD20FEV, above the maximum cumulative dose of methacholine of 6-4 mg. Bronchoalveolar lavage of a middle lobe segment (lingula in four subjects) was performed with three sequential 60 ml aliquots of sterile saline. Cellular metabolic activity was stimulated with latex in aliquots of resuspended cells, and measured by means of luminol enhanced chemiluminescence to assess neutrophil activity and lucigenin enhanced chemiluminescence to assess macrophage activity. Mean absolute total cell counts were similar in the asthmatic and control groups but there were differences in differential cell counts, with a significant increase in eosinophil (p < 0 05) and lymphocyte (p < 0 05) counts in asthma. PD20FEV, was negatively correlated with percentage neutrophil counts (p < 0005). Luminol enhanced chemiluminescence/1000 neutrophils was increased about twofold in asthmatic subjects (p < 0 001), but was not correlated with PD20FEV1. Lucigenin enhanced chemiluminescence/1000 macrophages was increased nearly fourfold in asthmatic patients (p < 0-001) and showed a negative correlation with PD20FEV, (p < 0-01). The macrophage count was increased twofold in current smokers in both groups, but other cell numbers were not altered significantly. Smoking did not affect cellular metabolic activity in either group. This study supports the idea that an inflammatory process is present in the airways of those with asthma, and suggests a relation between bronchial responsiveness and both neutrophil numbers and macrophage activity.
European Respiratory Journal, 1994
A Al lv ve eo ol la ar r m ma ac cr ro op ph ha ag ge e--i in nd du uc ce ed d s su up pp pr re es ss si io on n o of f p pe er ri ip ph he er ra al l b bl lo oo od d m mo on no on nu uc cl le ea ar r c ce el ll l r re es sp po on ns si iv ve en ne es ss s i is s r re ev ve er rs se ed d b by y i in n v vi it tr ro o a al ll le er rg ge en n e ex xp po os su ur re e i in n b br ro on nc ch hi ia al l a as st th hm ma a Alveolar macrophage-induced suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell responsiveness is reversed by in vitro allergen exposure in bronchial asthma. ABSTRACT: Little information is available on the specific role of alveolar macrophages (AMs) in modulating local cellular reactions to inhaled allergens in atopic asthma.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1996
Cellular and mediator profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage have not been compared systematically between patients with asthma of different severities, mainly because the patients' with more severe asthma have an increased need for antiinflammatory medication. Information is limited to comparisons of allergic and intrinsic asthma, which can be distinguished clinically. When patients from these two groups with similar degrees of" bronchial hyperresponsiveness were compared, both groups showed increased numbers" of activated Thelper lymphocytes; those in the allergic group expressed the IL-2
Prognostic indicators in extrinsic allergic alveolitis
Background: Extrinsic allergic alveolitis belongs among the most often diagnosed interstitial lung diseases. However, little data concerning the impact of antigen-type, presentation of disease and treatment, on the patient´s prognosis, is available. Methods: Thirty eight patients were enrolled in a retrospective study. Data collected between January 2007 and December 2010 were analyzed. Patients were divided, at the time of diagnosis, into subacute and chronic extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) groups according to their clinical presentation. One year after diagnosis, baseline lung function tests and treatment data were evaluated. Using high resolution computed tomography (HRCT), interstitial and alveolar changes were characterized with the help of a scoring system. Results: We found no effects linked to the nature of the inhaled antigen or the treatment modality on lung functions 12 months after EAA diagnosis. Patients with subacute EAA had significantly better lung function tests after one year than patients with chronic EAA. Patients with chronic EAA had significantly higher HRCT interstitial scores than the subacute group (1.1 ± 1.2 vs. 2.9 ± 0.9). Correlations between HRCT interstitial scores and changes in lung functions were observed. Conclusions: Only the clinical pattern of EAA and HRCT interstitial scores correlated with lung functions at the one year follow up. Keywords: Extrinsic allergic alveolitis, high resolution computed tomography, inhalation antigen, lung functions, prognosis, treatment
Acta Histochemica, 1985
Op en lung biopsy specimens of 14 patients with extrinsic a lle rgic bronchiolo-alveolitis (EABA) were studied by immunoperoxidase staining with av id in-biotin-complex method using nonconjugated antisera to M icrop oly spora fa eni , Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, Aspergillus fum igatus , a n d A sp ergillus umbrosus. Antigenic intra cellular material was found in macrophages and giant ce lls of granulomas in th e lung ti ssue of 8 patients . This finding su p p or ts the hypothes is wh ich s uggests that macrophages a n d T vlyrnph ocytes con t r ib u te to the tissu e injury in EABA.