Epidemiology of Salivary Gland Infections (original) (raw)
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Classification and management of chronic sialadenitis of the parotid gland
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 2009
Saliva has numerous oral functions and multiple functions in relation to digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Chronic salivary hypofunction can lead to severe adverse health outcomes. Chronic sialadenitis is one of the major conditions that can cause salivary hypofunction. A correct diagnosis and management of chronic sialadenitis is essential for the recovery of salivary hypofunction. Chronic sialadenitis of the parotid gland is often seen in the clinic, sometimes also referred to as recurrent pyogenic parotitis, recurrent parotitis, non-obstructive parotitis, sialadenitis or obstructive parotitis, among other terms. The literature describes several different classifications and denominations for chronic sialadenitis of the parotid gland. These various classifications and denominations complicate the definition and diagnostic criteria, and if chronic sialadenitis of the parotid gland can develop into Sjogren's syndrome remains unclear. Treatment of this condition is also a challenging problem. Here, we review the presented classification and denomination of chronic sialadenitis of the parotid gland, proposing a classification based on the disease entities identified in a long-term follow-up investigation, and discuss the treatment principles for the condition.
Clinical presentation and microbiology of acute salivary gland infections
Danish medical journal, 2020
INTRODUCTION Acute salivary gland infections (ASI) have been associated with poor outcome in elderly and postoperative patients. Perioperative care and treatment of co-morbidities have improved considerably, but most of our knowledge regarding ASI dates back several decades. The aim of this study was to describe the microbiology and treatment of ASI in a large post-millennial cohort. METHODS All patients with ASI admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital in the period from 2001 to 2017 were included. RESULTS In total, 157 patients with ASI were included. The parotid gland (PG) was affected in 89 (57%) cases and the submandibular gland (SMG) in 68 (43%) cases. The most prevalent bacterial findings were viridans streptococci (25 isolates) and Staphylococcus aureus (19 isolates). S. aureus was almost exclusively found in PG (17/19 cases). S. aureus-positive cases showed a significantly higher inflammatory response than other b...
National Journal of Medical Research, 2023
This paper goes into great depth on the prevalent health issue of dry mouth. The major salivary glands secrete the total amount 0f 95% saliva. The saliva is composed of both organic and inorganic compounds. The quality of saliva is just as important as quantity when it comes to oral health and well-being. There will be extensive coverage on the many functions and qualities of saliva as well as its role in oral health as well as the important factors that influence salivary production. In this study saliva's role in the development of caries and the formation of bacterial plaque will be examined. There is an initial definition of dry mouth and then an investigation of its prevalence. Following is a list of the most prevalent causes of dry mouth. We will go into why dry mouth is such an issue in the following part. Finally, we will go through how to diagnose and treat dry mouth.
Major salivary gland diseases. Multicentre study
Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Società italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale, 2005
This multicentre study involved 28 Italian ORL Centres responding to a questionnaire sent by us which allowed recruitment of a high large number of cases of parotid neoplasms observed over a 10-year period. Statistical data obtained partly confirmed previous findings. Benign tumours account for 80% of case histories with a relationship 1:4 M/F, the most frequent being pleomorphic adenoma (57.3% of cases), followed by Warthin's tumour (32.4%), this rating not having been confirmed in case histories (8-10%) in the literature. Malignant tumours instead were fewer in number compared to the literature (14% vs 25-30%); the most frequent being mucoepidermoid carcinoma (18.2%) of which 44% G1, 33% G2 and 23% G3. Adenoid-cystic carcinoma was observed in 15.3% and < or = 10% for all the other most frequent histological malignant neoplasms. Diagnostic work-up included echotomography and fine-needle aspiration biopsy, less used imaging techniques were computed tomography, magnetic resona...
Salivary stones: symptoms, aetiology, biochemical composition and treatment
British Dental Journal, 2014
Characteristics for sialolithiasis are episodes of pain and swelling during mealtime which may persist for a few hours, followed by long episodes of remission (weeks or months). 2,5 The pain and swelling are caused by the obstruction of the salivary flow in the affected gland, resulting in accumulation of saliva and a subsequent increase in intraglandular pressure. In incomplete obstruction of the duct, saliva can seep through or around the sialolith. In these cases, a salivary stone can be symptomless and these stones may be an incidental finding on a dental panoramic radiograph. 6 The duration of symptoms before patients present in a clinic varies considerably. The mean duration of symptoms is approximately five years and four months for submandibular stones and four years and ten months for parotid stones. 7 One third of the patients with sialolithiasis will present within the first six months of symptoms. 2 In 90% of the patients with a salivary stone, infection of the affected gland is present and in 12-18% a purulent discharge is seen. 2,8,9 The salivary flow rate of patients with sialolithiasis decreases when the mass of the sialolith increases. The mean submandibular salivary flow rate in patients with a submandibular stone was 38% lower compared to healthy individuals (0.18 and 0.29 ml/min, respectively). 10 Nishi et al. 11 observed a mean reduction of 84% of the salivary flow rate of the affected submandibular gland compared to the unaffected contralateral gland.
Clinical diagnosis and treatment of salivary glands inflammation
Archives of the Balkan Medical Union
L'inflammation des glandes salivaires se manifeste différemment selon l'agent étiologique et la population de patients. La pathologie inflammatoire et infectieuse des glandes salivaires est multifactorielle et comporte une thérapie multimodale. Les infections bactériennes sont le résultat d'un blocage canalaire ou d'une diminution de la production salivaire. Sur ce fond se produit une contamination rétrograde du parenchyme glandulaire. Certaines infections virales systémiques entraînent une pathologie salivaire telle que les oreillons ou le SIDA. De nombreuses infections granulomateuses peuvent toucher les glandes salivaires telles que la tuberculose, la syphilis, la tularémie, la toxoplasmose, l'actinomycose, la bartonellose. L'inflammation salivaire se produit soit dans le canal de sécrétion, soit dans toute la glande. La suppuration des glandes salivaires chez les personnes immunodéprimées peut s'étendre aux régions cervico-faciales et au médiastin et nécessiter un traitement immédiat. La collaboration interdisciplinaire avec l'infectionniste, le parasitologue et le radiologue est le standard d'or au bénéfice du patient. Les auteurs ont décrit les caractéristiques ABSTRACT Inflammation of the salivary glands manifest differently, depending on the etiologic agent and patient population. Inflammatory and infectious pathology of the salivary glands is multifactorial and has a multimodal therapy. Bacterial infections are the result of ductal blockage or decreased salivary production. On this background, retrograde contamination of glandular parenchyma occurs. Some systemic viral infections produce salivary pathology such as mumps or AIDS. Many granulomatous infections can affect salivary glands such as tuberculosis (TB), syphilis, tularemia, toxoplasmosis, actinomycosis, and bartonellosis. Salivary inflammation occurs either in the secretory canal or in the whole gland. Suppuration of the salivary glands in immunosuppressed individuals can extend to cervicofacial regions and the mediastinum and require immediate treatment. Interdisciplinary collaboration with the infectionist, parasitologist and radiologist is the golden standard towards the benefit of the patient. Authors describe the clinical features and treatment of inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands.
Salivary flow and its relation with oral symptoms in terminally ill patients
Cancer, 2000
BACKGROUND. Patients with terminal malignant disease commonly report hyposalivation or xerostomia. This leads to "dry mouth," fungal infection, and mucosal abnormalities. To the authors' knowledge oral symptomatology and findings have not been correlated previously with accurate salivary flow measurements.