Pharmacy Student Perceptions of Pharmacist Prescribing: A Comparison Study (original) (raw)
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Pharmacy Education, 2019
The Prescribers Survey Report 2016 identified 3,944 annotated pharmacist prescribers on the General Pharmaceutical Council register in 2015 with 2,567 independent prescribers, 425 are supplementary prescribers and 952 are both. This survey-based study evaluated the perceptions of University of Wolverhampton Master of Pharmacy students about pharmacist independent prescribing. Ethics clearance was granted by the School of Pharmacy Ethics Board. A link to an online survey was sent to all students enrolled in the Master of Pharmacy course. The anonymous data analysed thematically. Cohort-dependant variations were identified, with Year 1 and 2 students more informed about independent prescribing and including it in their career plans. Students in Year 3 and 4 were more likely to pursue the career if it was appealing after graduation. This may be due to the course workload in Year 3 and 4 plus another year of internship, making further study unappealing at that time.
Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
Pharmacist prescribing is a growing reality in some developed counties, with varied health systems. Understanding the contribution that this activity can offer in the healthcare process, and investigating its acceptance is of utmost importance for the countries that implement and regulate this type of system. This literature review aimed to design a state-of-the-art academic investigation on the perception, opinions, and attitudes in the context of pharmacist prescribing practices in countries that have adopted this system. To achieve this, the present study conducted an investigation of the Medline, Scopus, Embase, SciELO, and Lilacs databases, resulting in the selection of 17 studies. From the analysis of the articles, three categories of discussion arose: “understanding of the practice and perceived benefits”, “acceptance and adherence to the practice, and “hindrances to the practice”. The results showed varied acceptance and perceptions among the different publics, depending, am...
Opportunity or threat? General practitioner perceptions of pharmacist prescribing
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 2008
Objective In recent years prescribing rights have been extended beyond doctors and dentists in the UK, first to nurses and subsequently to pharmacists. The aim of the study was to explore general practitioner (GP) perceptions of the advantages and disadvantages of pharmacist supplementary prescribing and the future introduction of independent prescribing.Method A qualitative study was conducted with GPs from three practices, in each of which a pharmacist prescriber was regularly working.Key findings The prescribing pharmacists, all of whom were already working in the practice when they qualified as prescribers, had negotiated new areas of work. Not all GPs in the practices referred patients to the prescribing pharmacists. Those GPs who did refer patients generally described benefits from the service, with some ambivalence. There was evidence that the GPs had, to some extent, redefined their professional boundaries, and delegated some routine work which involved no diagnosis and only limited decision making. In this way the GPs exercised control over the interprofessional boundaries.Conclusion The study findings indicate selective acceptance of pharmacist prescribing by GPs.
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 2013
Objective In 2007 Alberta, Canada, became the first North American jurisdiction to adopt prescribing legislation for pharmacists. In light of these legislative changes and expanded scope of pharmacy practice, we evaluated what ‘prescribing’ means to pharmacists in Alberta and the application of prescribing in pharmacy practice. Methods We invited pharmacists to participate in semi-structured telephone interviews using closed and open-ended questions. Pharmacists working in community, hospital or other settings were selected using a mix of random and purposive sampling. Interviews were audiorecorded and transcribed, and data were entered into nVIVO 9 software. Transcriptions were analysed by two investigators using an interpretive description approach to identify themes. Key findings Thirty-eight pharmacists were interviewed, of whom 13 had additional (independent) prescribing authorization. Prescribing had a wide breadth of meaning to the pharmacists in our study, which included wri...
An evaluation of Australian pharmacist’s attitudes on expanding their prescribing role
Pharmacy World & Science, 2010
Objectives To evaluate the views of Australian pharmacists on expanded pharmacist prescribing roles and identify important drivers and barriers to its implementation. Setting Pharmacists in Australia. Method Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire distributed nationally to a random sample of pharmacists either directly, or in the case of one state, via community pharmacies. One-way ANOVA and , 2 testing were used to identify significant associations. Factor analysis was conducted to pool variables and the derived factors were subjected to regression analysis. Main outcome measures Perceptions of Australian pharmacists on expanded prescribing and the relationships between variables derived. Results A total of 2592 questionnaires were distributed and a response rate of 40.4% was achieved (n = 1049). Of the respondents 83.9% strongly agreed/agreed to an expanded prescribing role for pharmacists and 97.1% reported they would need further training. Of the respondents 896 agreed that pharmacists should engage in supplementary, independent prescribing or both. Of these 69.1% preferred only supplementary prescribing, 3.3% independent prescribing and 27.4% both models. Both models were found to be positive predictors of expanding pharmaceutical services through prescribing (P \ 0.001) with supplementary prescribing showing a stronger association (b = 0.52 vs. b = 0.18). Pharmacists' opinion based on their current perceptions of their clients was an important predictor in expanding pharmaceutical services through prescribing (P = 0.005). Inadequate training in patient assessment, diagnosis and monitoring were the strongest barriers to expanded pharmacist prescribing (P \ 0.001). Conclusions The majority of Australian pharmacists supported an expanded pharmacist prescribing role. Support for supplementary was stronger than independent prescribing. Pharmacists acknowledged that they would need further training to perform such roles.
A pilot study of a pharmacist-led prescribing program for final-year medical students
BMC Medical Education
Background: Junior doctors undertake a significant amount of prescribing; however, they are not well prepared for this, and report they would like more training in their undergraduate courses. To address this we tested a pharmacist-led prescribing program for final-year medical students. Methods: Sixteen final-year students took part in the program. The program involved students writing prescriptions and getting feedback from clinical pharmacists, undertaking prescribing and calculation tutorials, and spending time in the pharmacy department. Evaluation included a pre-and post-assessment of their confidence and skills in prescribing, and a feedback session discussing the strengths and weakness of the program, and their perceptions about the role of pharmacists. Changes in the pre-and post-assessment of confidence and skills were examined with permutation and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: There was a significant improvement in students' confidence in prescribing, and a small but consistent improvement in prescribing skills. Of note, no student prescribed inappropriately and potentially harmfully after the program. Participants were positive about the program, and indicated a better understanding about the pharmacists' role and their ability to support them as junior doctors. Conclusions: This study has shown the potential effect of a pharmacist-led prescribing program on the skills and confidence in prescribing by medical students. It provided an interprofessional teaching opportunity, preparing students for a team-based approach to patient management.
Pharmacy, 2018
Five years after the introduction of the Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA) in the UK, the role pharmacists play to help prepare medical students for this challenge is uncertain. Our study explored pharmacists’ perceptions about their role in undergraduate medical training for the Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA). One hundred and seventy-nine prospective participants from UK hospitals and education and training boards were emailed an interview schedule aimed at ascertaining their current involvement in undergraduate medical education, particularly the preparation for PSA. Responses received via email were thematically-analysed. A total of 27 hospital pharmacists and 3 pharmacists from local education and training boards participated in the interviews. Pharmacists were positive about their involvement in medical student training, recognising the added value they could provide in prescribing practice. However, respondents expressed concerns regarding resource availability and the ...
TCRM-56982-pharmacy-students attitudes-toward-pharmaceutical-care-in 021814
The study objectives were to investigate Qatar pharmacy students' attitudes toward pharmaceutical care (PC), to identify the factors that influence their attitudes, and to recognize their perceived barriers for PC provision. Methods: A cross-sectional and online survey of Qatar pharmacy students was conducted. Results: Over 4 weeks, 46 surveys were submitted (88% response rate). All respondents agreed that the pharmacist's primary responsibility is to prevent and resolve medication therapy problems. Most respondents believed that PC provision is professionally rewarding and that all pharmacists should provide PC (93% and 91% of respondents, respectively). Highly perceived barriers for PC provision included lack of access to patient information (76%), inadequate drug information sources (55%), and time constraints (53%). Professional year and practical experience duration were inversely significantly associated with four and five statements, respectively, out of the 13 Standard Pharmaceutical Care Attitudes Survey statements, including the statements related to the value of PC, and its benefit in improving patient health and pharmacy practitioners' careers. Conclusion: Qatar pharmacy students had positive attitudes toward PC. Efforts should be exerted to overcome their perceived barriers.
Exploring the Role of Pharmacists in Medical Student Training for the Prescribing Safety Assessment
2018
Five years after the introduction of the Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA) in the UK, the role pharmacists play to help prepare medical students for this challenge is uncertain. Our study explored pharmacists’ perceptions about their role in undergraduate medical training for the Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA). Study participants were emailed a qualitative questionnaire aimed at ascertaining their current involvement in undergraduate medical education, particularly the preparation for PSA. Responses received were thematically-analysed. A total of 27 UK hospital pharmacists and 3 pharmacists from local education and training boards completed the questionnaire. Pharmacists were positive about their involvement in medical student training, recognising the added value they could provide in prescribing practice. However, respondents expressed concerns in relation to resource availability and the need for formal educational practice mentoring. This research highlights the pot...
An expanded prescribing role for pharmacists – an Australian perspective
Australasian Medical Journal, 2011
Expanded pharmacist prescribing is a new professional practice area for pharmacists. Currently, Australian pharmacists' prescribing role is limited to over-the-counter medications. This review aims to identify Australian studies involving the area of expanded pharmacist prescribing. Australian studies exploring the issues of pharmacist prescribing were identified and considered in the context of its implementation internationally. Australian studies have mainly focused on the attitudes of community and hospital pharmacists towards such an expansion. Studies evaluating the views of Australian consumers and pharmacy clients were also considered. The available Australian literature indicated support from pharmacists and pharmacy clients for an expanded pharmacist prescribing role, with preference for doctors retaining a primary role in diagnosis. Australian pharmacists and pharmacy client's views were also in agreement in terms of other key issues surrounding expanded pharmacist prescribing. These included the nature of an expanded prescribing model, the need for additional training for pharmacists and the potential for pharmacy clients gaining improved medication access, which could be achieved within an expanded role that pharmacists could provide. Current evidence from studies conducted in Australia provides valuable insight to relevant policymakers on the issue of pharmacist prescribing in order to move the agenda of pharmacist prescribing forwards. PEER REVIEW Not commissioned. Externally peer reviewed.