Pozzolanic properties of Waste Agricultural Biomass - African Locust Bean Pod Waste (original) (raw)
Related papers
Use of Processed Biomass Ash as a Sustainable Pozzolana
Current Science, 2019
The industrial waste generated from sugar production, i.e. bagasse is further used as a biofuel. This generates a huge amount (44,000 tonnes/day) of waste in the form of sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA). Asreceived boiler SCBA shows lower performance in terms of pozzolanic characteristics. In this study, the role of mechanical and thermal treatment in improving the pozzolanicity of SCBA has been examined. The preliminary characterization of SCBA was done using laser granulometry, SEM, XRF, XRD and TG analysis. The four methods were adopted to quantify the pozzolanic behaviour, viz. reactive silica determination, pozzolanic activity index, electrical conductivity drop and Chapelle activity. Further, the experimental data were analysed using ANOVA. The coefficient of regression (0.86-0.99) reflects effective and significant logarithmic models. The study concludes that the adopted processing of SCBA is highly effective in improving the pozzolanicity. Thus the processed SCBA is a sustainable solution to the cement industry.
2011
The sugarcane bagasse ash is used as fuel in the boilers of the Kinana sugar factory in Sudan. The field observation and qualitative study of the ash revealed that it consisted of major amounts of carbon and organic materials; this is due to the incomplete combustion of bagasse fibers in boilers. Therefore, it became necessary to recondition the samples for use as pozzolana by re-ashing it. The study of chemical composition of the ash revealed that such byproducts are likely to be pozzolanic. Comparison between chemical compositions of Kinana sugarcane bagasse ash and the pulverized coal fly ashes (ASTM C 618 1999) shows that the composition of bagasse resembles that of Class F Coal Fly Ash, as the total of alumina, silica, and ferric oxide content is about 72 %. It may, behave like Class F Fly Ash, in its engineering properties.
The earth is not inherited from our ancestors but borrowed from our children and should be returned the way we met it and even better. This is the essence of sustainability, preserving the earth. One of the main consequence of a non-sustainable world is global warming caused by the release of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere that deplete the earth's protective layer from extreme sun radiation. This results in global temperature rise leading to tsunamis and other " natural disasters " making us more vulnerable to extreme weather elements. Urbanization and industrialization bring about high construction rate to accommodate them resulting to global demand for concrete production. Concrete production contributes about 5% of the world's carbon dioxide (CO2) emission and bulk of these emissions are in cement production. Cement is not an eco-friendly material and the sharp decrease in its use is highly needed to improve sustainable construction. Another issue discouraging its use is the rising cost, making housing unaffordable even to the middle class. This have resulted in finding series of housing financing systems to cope with rising cost of housing. One of the ways of achieving this is by the use of pozzolanic and blended cements to reduce the quantity of cements needed to meet the global concrete demand. This study examines the Pozzolanic Potentials of Palm Kernel Nut Waste Ash (PKNWA) as a blend with cement in Nigeria. Nigeria is currently the third world leading producer of palm which bears the nut and also accounts for over half of the palm produced in Africa. Palm kernel nut becomes an agro-waste when the oil is extracted. This study shows that PKNWA can comfortably replace cement by 10% and even produce a more durable binder than when cement is wholly used. The utilization of PKNWA in blended cement production will reduce the need for cement and prevent the ecological hazard resulting from the disposal of the waste palm nuts.
An investigation of the effectiveness of the utilization of biomass ashes as pozzolanic materials
Construction and Building Materials
h i g h l i g h t s Evaluation of biomass ashes as SCMs, for concrete strength and chloride penetration. High SiO 2 content of biomass ash does not imply a pozzolanic material with a high efficiency factor. Concentration of other compounds, even for high SiO 2 content is responsible for low k-values. Biomass ash from agro-industrial by-products can be used as pozzolanic material in concrete.
Materials, 2022
This research was performed to investigate the optimum conditions for developing pozzolanic ashes from organic wastes to be used as cement replacement materials. The organic wastes explored in the research are rice husk ash (RHA), wheat straw ash (WSA), and cow dung (CDA). When the organic waste is turned into ash, it develops a pozzolanic character due to the presence of silica. However, the presence of reactive silica and its pozzolanic reactivity depends on the calcination temperature, duration, and grinding. In this research, the organic wastes were calcined at three different calcination temperatures (300 °C, 400 °C, and 800 °C) for 2, 4, 6, and 8 h duration. The obtained ashes were ground for 30 min and replaced by 20% with cement. The samples containing ashes were tested for compressive strength, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), weight loss, and strength activity index (SAI). It was observed that the RHA calcinated at 600 °C for 2 h showed better strength. However, in the case of ...
Gradjevinski materijali i konstrukcije
Biomass ashes originating from wood and harvest residues combustion may be considered as one of the prospective environmentally friendly candidates for supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) production. In the region of Vojvodina province, biomass waste is becoming increasingly important as ''green'' fuel, thus allowing the reduction of the environmental impact of waste disposal, lowering the expensive fossil fuels application and its subsequent greenhouse gasses emission. In the light of the above, the present paper surveys the experimental studies of harvest residues ash (HRA) as a pozzolanic additive for engineering applications. Thus far conducted research on the HRA possible application in cementitious systems, worldwide and in the studied region, has been summarized and the benefits of such approaches outlined. Finally, locally available types of wheat straw, soya straw, sunflower husk, silo waste, oil rapeseed - based ashes were collected, characterized bo...
Investigation of Locus Beans Waste Ash as Partial Replacement for Cement in Concrete Structures
International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering
This study is aimed at investigating the compressive strength of concrete using locust beans waste ash (LBWA) as a replacement for cement in concrete using three grades of concrete; grade 20, 25 and 30 respectively, the concrete cube cast was; control (0%) 5%, 10% and 15% respectively. the cube was cast, cured and tested at 7days, 14days. 21days and 28days. Although, the results of this study have shown a significant reduction in compressive strength of concrete utilizing LBWA than normal concrete, it could be recommended that LBWA concrete should be used in road kerbs, concrete blocks, non-bearing concrete walls, precast units (partition walls, concrete blocks for Architectural applications and some cases of slabs on soil, culverts, sidewalks, drive ways), foundation pads for machinery.
Influence of Production Methodology on the Pozzolanic Activity of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash
MATEC Web of Conferences, 2019
Previous studies have shown the possibility of successful implementation of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) as a Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) in concrete production. However, its use has been constrained in the construction industry due to lack of a suitable largescale processing methodology of SCBA. In this study, the pozzolanic performance of SCBA produced using three different methodologies (i.e., uncontrolled burning, controlled burning, and post-processing of uncontrolled burning) was investigated. Experimental findings suggested that SCBA obtained from uncontrolled burning (raw SCBA) is not suitable for concrete application due to high carbon content. However, post-processing of raw SCBA yields a material with an adequate pozzolanic performance for concrete applications, which is comparable to SCBA produced under controlled burning conditions.
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2016
Biomass has gained in importance as an energy source in recent years. One of the crops that presents interesting opportunities with regard to biomass is sugar cane. In Brazil, sugar cane production is increasing for alcohol and sugar manufacture. Some by-products, such as sugar cane straw, also are obtained during harvesting. Due the calorific value of the sugar cane straw, its use as biomass is increasing. After the straw is burned to produce energy, an ash is obtained: sugar cane straw ash (SCSA). This waste needs an appropriate destination and, since the recent publication of successful studies using biomass derived-ashes as pozzolanic material, the present study aimed to assess the pozzolanic reactivity of sugar cane straw ash. The pozzolanic activity was assessed using a new and simple recently proposed method: evaluation of the electrical conductivity of calcium hydroxide (CH) and pozzolan suspensions, in which solid CH is initially present. These results were compared to those of two other well-established techniques: Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The evaluation by all three techniques is similar and shows that sugar cane straw ash is a good pozzolanic material: high lime fixation values for CH:SCSA mixes were determined by thermogravimetric analysis and unsaturation respect to CH in 3.5:6.5 CH:SCSA suspension was achieved at 60ºC. According to this behaviour, a bright future for SCSA as a replacement for Portland cement is expected.
Sugar Cane Wastes as Pozzolanic Materials: Application of Mathematical Model
ACI Materials Journal, 2008
This paper proposes a kinetic-diffusive model that allows for determination of pozzolanic activity as related to optimum calcining temperature on the activation of wastes from sugar cane industries and their use as pozzolanic material. Research based on the reaction kinetics between lime (calcium hydroxide [CH]), sugar cane straw ash (SCSA), and sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) calcined at 800 and 1000 °C (1472 and 1842 °F) is described. A pozzolanic activity method (accelerated chemical method) based on the measurement of the amount of CH reacted as the reaction proceeds is applied and the latter on the kinetic parameters are quantified by applying a kinetic-diffusive model to the process. The kinetic parameters that characterize the process (in particular, the reaction rate constant and free energy of activation) were determined with relative accuracy in the fitting process of the model. The pozzolanic activity is quantitatively evaluated according to the obtained values of the kinetic parameters. The results show good pozzolanic properties of the sugar cane wastes between 800 and 1000 °C (1472 and 1832 °F), and no influence of the calcining temperature on the pozzolanic activity for SCSA was observed. The correlation between the values of free energy of activation ΔG # and the reaction rate constants K are in correspondence with the theoretical studies about the rate processes reported in the literature.