Removal of crystal violet from water by magnetically modified activated carbon and nanomagnetic iron oxide (original) (raw)
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Molecules
Activated carbon prepared from lemon (Citrus limon) wood (ACL) and ACL/Fe3O4 magnetic nanocomposite were effectively used to remove the cationic dye of crystal violet (CV) from aqueous solutions. The results showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles were successfully placed in the structure of ACL and the produced nanocomposites showed superior magnetic properties. It was found that pH was the most effective parameter in the CV dye adsorption and pH of 9 gave the maximum adsorption efficiency of 93.5% and 98.3% for ACL and ACL/Fe3O4, respectively. The Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R) and Langmuir models were selected to investigate the CV dye adsorption equilibrium behavior for ACL and ACL/Fe3O4, respectively. A maximum adsorption capacity of 23.6 and 35.3 mg/g was obtained for ACL and ACL/Fe3O4, respectively indicating superior adsorption capacity of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The kinetic data of the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second order (PSO) kinetic model, indicating that chemical mechan...
Application of Efficient Magnetic Particles and Activated Carbon for Dye Removal from Wastewater
American Chemical Society, 2020
Since the turn of the 21st century, water pollution has been a major issue, and most of the pollution is generated by dyes. Adsorption is one of the most commonly used dye-removal methods from aqueous solution. Magnetic-particle integration in the water-treatment industry is gaining considerable attention because of its outstanding physical and chemical properties. Magnetic-particle adsorption technology shows promising and effective outcomes for wastewater treatment owing to the presence of magnetic material in the adsorbents that can facilitate separation through the application of an external magnetic field. Meanwhile, the introduction of activated carbon (AC) derived from various materials into a magnetic material can lead to efficient organic-dye removal. Therefore, this combination can provide an economical, efficient, and environmentally friendly water-purification process. Although activated carbon from low-cost and abundant materials has considerable potential in the water-treatment industry, the widespread applications of adsorption technology are limited by adsorbent recovery and separation after treatment. This work specifically and comprehensively describes the use of a combination of a magnetic material and an activated carbon material for dye adsorption in wastewater treatment. The literature survey in this minireview provides evidence of the potential use of these magnetic adsorbents, as well as their magnetic separation and recovery. Future directions and challenges of magnetic activated carbon in wastewater treatment are also discussed in this paper.
Quarterly Journal of Applied Chemical Research, 2016
The prepared magnetic-modified Fe3 O4 nanoparticles (Fe3 O4 -TAN) were used as adsorbent for removal of crystal violet (CV) from water solution. The effects of pH, contact time, dye concentration and temperature on adsorption were determined. The experimental data were analyzed using the Langmuir adsorption model. The data fitted well to the model with maximum adsorption capacities 84.0 mg/gunder pH=11.0. Also the adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic parameters were studied and evaluated. Adsorption of the CV to nanoparticles reached equilibrium after 15 min. In addition, the external magnetic field could easily separate nanoparticles from water with high separation efficiency.
Applied Water Science
Textile industries use large amounts of water and chemicals for finishing and dying processes. The chemical structures of dyes vary enormously, and some have complicated aromatic structures that resist degradation in conventional wastewater treatment processes because of their stability to sunlight, oxidizing agents, and microorganisms. The objective of this research is to compare the adsorption efficiency of two types of magnetic activated carbons derived from Banana peel and Salvia seed for the removal of basic blue 41 dye. The faculty of the produced activated carbons to remove basic blue 41 dye from aqueous solutions via batch adsorption has been examined under several operating conditions such as pH, adsorbent dose, initial adsorbate concentration and contact time. The cheap, non-toxic produced activated carbons (AC) were characterized by scanning electron microscope and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analyses. The best conditions of dye adsorption with BPAC@ Fe3O4 equal to pH = 9, AC ...
Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society, 2011
A magnetic adsorbent was synthesized by modification of activated carbons with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (AC-MIONs). The preparation method is fast and could be carried out in an ordinary condition. The AC-MIONs were used as quite efficient adsorbents for separation of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution in a batch process. The effect of different parameters such as pH, temperature, electrolyte concentration, contact time and interfering ions on the removal of MB were studied. The adsorption data were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and a maximum adsorption amount of 47.62 mg g-1 and a langmuir adsorption equilibrium constant of 3.0 L mg-1 were obtained. The obtained results revealed that AC-MIONs were effective adsorbents for fast removal of MB from different aqueous solutions. This adsorbent was successfully used for removal of MB from Karoon River water.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009
The combination of magnetic nanoparticles with other adsorbents not only does not affect their magnetic properties, but also leads to the formation of adsorbents that improve the refining process. The aim of this study was synthesis of magnetic activated carbon by Fe 3 O 4 and investigation of its efficiency in adsorption of Lead from aqueous solutions. Magnetic adsorbent prepared by the method of sequestration and physical characteristics and structure of synthesized absorbent were determined by XRD and TEM. To remove the Lead from aqueous solutions, the Box-Behnken design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for optimizing all parameters affecting the adsorption process. The studied parameters were pH (5-9), temperature (25-45 ⁰C) and the amount of adsorbent (0.5-2 g). 15 experimental runs were calculated by using BBD. The optimal condition for removal of Lead by synthesis of magnetic activated carbon by Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles was pH=7, 450 ⁰C temperature and 2 g of adsorbent. Kinetic studies of the adsorption process specified the efficiency of the pseudo second-order kinetic model and showed the optimal time was 15 min, respectively. The maximum percentage of Lead removed after 90 min was 86.87%. The adsorption isotherm was well-fitted to Longmire model. The study showed that magnetic activated carbon has a high potential for Lead removal. Therefore, it is believed that magnetized active carbon by keeping its physical and surface properties could be a suitable method to solve some related problems including separation and filtration.
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2018
An environment-friendly and cost-effective green recipe is employed for the production of green/phytogenic magnetic nanoparticle (PMNPs). Surfaces of PMNPs were functionalized by 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) to investigate elimination performance of toxic dye, i.e., crystal violet (CV) from wastewater. Fabrication of functionalized PMNPs by 3-MPA (3-MPA@PMNPs) was characterized by various well-known techniques. Adsorption of CV onto 3-MPA@PMNPs has been experimentally investigated. The developed material showed high adsorptive rate (98.57% CV removal within 120 min) and adsorptive capacity (88.65 mg/g at 25 • C). Moreover, various adsorption isotherm and kinetic models were applied to explore probable removal mechanism. Langmuir isotherm model successfully represented adsorption equilibrium of CV onto 3-MPA@PMNPs. Further, the adsorption kinetic data harmonized reasonably with pseudo-second-order model which revealed that the removal was mainly corroborated by the mechanisms of ion-exchange and/or chemisorption. Values of thermodynamic parameter (
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2020
Reactive blue-13 (RB-13) dye was removed using magnetic activated carbon (MAC) in the batch mode. The effect of the initial mass of the adsorbent (1−25 g/L), initial RB-13 concentration (10−50 mg/L), solution pH (2−12), temperature (298−333 K), and contact period (0−120 min) on the removal of RB-13 dye was explored. The isoelectric point study was also performed for determining the pH at which the net charge on the surface of MAC was equivalent to zero. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm showed the best correlation at all temperatures. The adsorption kinetics was best described by a pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic study concluded that the adsorption of RB-13 dye onto MAC took place exothermically and the process was spontaneous.
International Journal of Environmental Research, 2017
This study was focused on the adsorption of Crystal violet and Methylene blue as cationic dyes on the surface of magnetite nanoparticles loaded Fig leaves (MNLFL) and magnetite nanoparticles loaded Azolla (MNLA) as natural cheap sources of adsorbents. MNLFL and MNLA were prepared with chemical precipitation method and they were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Different parameters affecting the dyes removal efficiency such as contact time, pH of solution, and amount of adsorbents were optimized. Dyes adsorption process was studied from both kinetic and equilibrium point. The kinetic of adsorption was tested for pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle diffusion, and Elovich models. At optimum conditions, the sorption of the Crystal violet and Methylene blue on the surface of MNLFL and MNLA adsorbents was best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Equilibrium data were fitted better to the Langmuir isotherm more than Freundlich and Temkin isotherm. The synthesized sorbent showed complete Crystal violet removal with sorption capacity equal to 53.47 mg g-1 for MNLFL and 30.21 mg g-1 for MNLA and complete Methylene blue removal with sorption capacity equal to 61.72 mg g-1 for MNLFL and 25 mg g-1 for MNLA, respectively. The results showed that MNLFL and MNLA can be used as efficient adsorbents for removal of Crystal violet and Methylene blue from aqueous solutions. Keywords Crystal violet Á Methylene blue Á Fig leave Á Azolla Á Magnetic nanoparticles Abbreviations MNLFL Magnetite nanoparticles loaded Fig leave MNLA Magnetite nanoparticles loaded Azolla CV Crystal violet MB Methylene blue List of symbols q e Equilibrium dye concentration on the adsorbent C e Equilibrium dye concentration in the solution q max Monolayer capacity of the adsorbent K L Langmuir constant K F Freundlich constant N Degree of nonlinearity of adsorption