Behinderung und internationale Entwicklung Disability and International Development CBR zu Community Based Inclusive Development, Teil 2 From CBR to Community Based Inclusive Development, Part 2 CBR, Health and Rehabilitation (original) (raw)

CBR, Health and Rehabilitation, Disability and International Development Journal, 2013

Like all persons, persons with disabilities also have different health care needs, from childhood till old age. Some of them also have specific health care and rehabilitation needs linked to their impairments. Only a small percentage of persons with disabilities in the developing world has access to health care and rehabili tation services. This article looks at the barriers faced by persons with disabilities in accessing health care and rehabilitation services and the development of health care related activities in the CBR.

Disability and community-based rehabilitation

Setting up Community Health Programmes in Low and Middle Income Settings

This chapter explains the causes, types, and importance of disability, and ways in which needs of those with disability can be met through community-based rehabilitation (CBR). It explains how any CBR programme should be based on the principles in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). It introduces the World Health Organization (WHO) CBR framework that shows the essential components of a programme. The chapter describes ways to identify people with disability in the community, how to assess their needs, and the importance of linking with community stakeholders and local CBR workers. The chapter goes into detail about the six steps of implementing a CBR programme: screening and assessment, maximizing function, setting up support groups, advocacy, mainstream inclusion, and programme monitoring and evaluation.

Disability and Health: A Research Agenda

Disability is not a 'health problem'; however some people with disabilities do have increased health needs, and all people with disabilities have the same right to access health services as others. The number of people living with disabilities is increasing, due partly to increasing numbers of people living with the consequences of chronic communicable and non-communicable diseases. Based on recommendations of the World Report on Disability, which provides the parameters for research, this paper sets out a research agenda calling for a considerable research programme on social, civil, and economic impacts of living with disability, arising from whatever cause, including communicable and non-communicable diseases; significant global health policy revisions; identification of constraints and facilitators in access to healthcare for people with disabilities; development of a robust evidence base for implementing the new guidelines on community-based rehabilitation; innovations in addressing human resource challenges faced by disability and rehabilitation service-providers; development of enabling technologies that focus on individuals' aspirations and social gain; preparedness for responding to the needs of people with disabilities in disaster situations; and the application of disability metrics to strengthen health systems.

SUSTAINABLE REHABILITATION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) are bona fide citizens in every country and as such have equal rights to development opportunities provided for other citizens of the nation. It is observed that a number of persons with disabilities have become a burden to the society, rather than contributing members of their communities and nation at large. This is because they have been neglected by society and the government has failed in its responsibility to properly empower and invest in them for national development. In addition, PWDs in some countries are negatively regarded as environmental nuisance and wastage in the society as many of them are involved in begging all because of lack of sustainable rehabilitation. In spite of the numerous challenges posed by the handicapping conditions, persons with disabilities are blessed with wide range of skills and talents which are needed for utilization and national development. If persons with disabilities are to be transformed into productive and independent, rather than remain a burden to the society, by extension, development of the nation, then there is need to invest in and empower them. This is where the issue of sustainable rehabilitation comes in. Therefore, this paper discusses the concept of rehabilitation, community based rehabilitation, typologies of rehabilitation services which entails medical, psycho-social, educational and vocational rehabilitation for persons with disabilities. Likewise, the paper ends with conclusion and recommendations.

Pathways to inclusive development: How to make disability inclusive practice measurable?

2014

Approximately 1 billion people – 15 per cent of the world’s population – live with some form of disability; 800 million are estimated to live in developing countries (WHO 2011). With a progressively ageing world population and the emergence of non-communicable diseases in low and middle income countries, the number of persons with disabilities is predicted to further increase. Since the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) entered into force in 2008, several governments, international donors, and implementing agencies have developed policies and made broad commitments pursuing a common objective: Disability Inclusive Development.