Vitamin D and Diabetes Mellitus: A Review (original) (raw)
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The role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes mellitus: a narrative review
Hormones, 2018
Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder associated with chronic complications, is traditionally classified into two main subtypes. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) results from gradual pancreatic islet β cell autoimmune destruction, extending over months or years. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous disorder, with both insulin resistance and impairment in insulin secretion contributing to its pathogenesis. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin with an established role in calcium metabolism. Recently, several studies have provided evidence suggesting a role for it in various non-skeletal metabolic conditions, including both types of diabetes mellitus. Preclinical studies of vitamin D action on insulin secretion, insulin action, inflammatory processes, and immune regulation, along with evidence of an increase of hypovitaminosis D worldwide, have prompted several epidemiological, observational, and supplementation clinical studies investigating a potential biological interaction between hypovitaminosis D and diabetes. This narrative review aims to summarize current knowledge on the effect of vitamin D on T1DM and T2DM pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment, as well as on micro-and macrovascular complications of the disease. Furthermore, on the basis of current existing evidence, we aim to highlight areas for potential future research.
Vitamin D and diabetes mellitus: an update 2013
Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 2014
Vitamin D deficiency and diabetes mellitus are two common conditions and they are widely prevalent across all ages, races, geographical regions, and socioeconomic conditions. Epidemiologic studies have shown association of vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes mellitus. The identification of 1,25(OH) 2 D receptors and 1-α-hydroxilase expression in pancreatic beta cells, in cells of the immune system, and in various others tissues, besides the bone system support the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Observational studies have revealed an association between 25(OH) D deficiency and the prevalence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents. This review will focus on the concept of vitamin D deficiency, its prevalence, and its role in the pathogenesis and risk of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2014;58(1):1-8 A deficiência de vitamina D e o diabetes melito são enfermidades comuns na população e são altamente prevalentes em todas as raças, idades, regiões geográficas e situação socioeconômica. Estudos epidemiológicos mostram uma associação entre hipovitaminose D com o aumento do risco de doenças crônicas, tais como câncer, doença cardiovascular, diabetes melito do tipo 2 e doenças autoimunes como a esclerose múltipla e o diabetes mellitus do tipo 1. A identificação de receptores da 1,25(OH) 2 D e da expressão da 1 α-hidroxilase nas células betapancreáticas, em células do sistema imunológico e em uma variedade de células do organismo além do tecido ósseo, suporta o papel da vitamina D na patogênese do diabetes tipo 2 e do tipo 1. Esta revisão apresenta e discute o conceito de deficiência de vitamina D, sua prevalência e seu papel na patogênese e no risco de desenvolvimento do diabetes melito e doenças cardiovasculares. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2014;58(1):1-8 Descritores Vitamina D; diabetes melito; patogênese
Vitamin D and diabetes mellitus: Causal or casual association?
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, 2017
The incidence of both type 2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus has been increasing worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency, or the awareness of its prevalence, has also been increasing. Vitamin D may have a role in the pathogenic mechanisms predisposing to type 2 diabetes by modulating insulin resistance and/or pancreatic β-cell function. Vitamin D status or elements involved in its activation or transport may also be involved in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus through immunomodulatory role. Based on these observations a potential association between vitamin D and diabetes has been hypothesized. In this review we discuss up to date evidence linking vitamin D with the development of diabetes. Moreover, the role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of both types of diabetes is analysed together with its role in improving glycemic control in diabetic patients. We also address the potential role of vitamin D deficiency in the development of macro-and microvascular complications in diabetes. Finally, we provide recommendation for Vitamin D therapy in diabetes in view of current evidence and highlight areas for potential future research in this area.
Vitamin D deficiency and its relationship with Type II Diabetes Mellitus (Atena Editora)
Vitamin D deficiency and its relationship with Type II Diabetes Mellitus (Atena Editora), 2023
Hypovitaminosis D exceeds 50% of the Brazilian population, causing major implications for public health in the country. Low vitamin D levels are associated with worse glycemic control. Therefore, the aim of this study is to review the literature on the effect of vitamin D on glycemic control. It has been observed that a low concentration of vitamin D is associated with a decrease in both production and sensitivity to insulin. In patients with type II diabetes, there is a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D. In this sense, studies with diabetics who underwent vitamin D supplementation still show contradictory data on the effectiveness of supplementation in glycemic control. Thus, it is of paramount importance to carry out research in the area for a reliable result that can cause a direct response in the population.
VITAMIN D: A POTENTIAL HELPER IN THE FIGHT AGAINST DIABETES MELLITUS
WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, 2021
Vitamin D is the most powerful vitamin, which is the only vitamin that synthesized in our body. The most Vitamin D deficiency disease are Ricket, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, etc. Now a day research study has shown that vitamin D deficit concentration may play important role in the development of Diabetes Mellitus. Vitamin D work on insulin functions by stimulating the beta cell activity. It improves the insulin receptors and glucose transport in to the cell. The deficiency amount of vitamin D intake may lead to the type-II diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D deficiency also led to an increase the level of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is associated with the insulin resistance. The diet with Vitamin D supplementation reducing insulin resistance and preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this report is to review the effects of vitamin D on diabetes mellitus.
The Association Between Deficiency of Vitamin D and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DMT2)
Cureus, 2022
Background The impact of vitamin D deficiency on the incidence of various diseases and its relationship with the progression of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is still controversial. The present study evaluated the incidence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with DMT2. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital, Sindh, Pakistan from October 2020 to September 2021. A total of 525 patients of DMT2 were recruited. Another 525 patients acted as healthy controls. In patients with DMT2, blood samples were taken in the morning to measure vitamin D levels. All socio-demographic and clinical data were documented in a predefined pro forma. The association between the incidence of DMT2 and hypovitaminosis was explored. Results The mean age of the patients was 50 ± 5.5 years. There were 100 (54.1%) male and 85 (45.9%) female patients. The mean duration of diabetes of the patients was 6.8 ± 2.4 years. The mean serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level was 22.3 ±10.4 ng/ml. In the case group, the majority of the patients had vitamin D deficiency i.e. 54.1%, while only 25.9% of controls had hypovitaminosis. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly correlated with the occurrence of DMT2 (p<0.0001). Conclusion The current study indicates that patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) more frequently suffer from vitamin D deficiency. Those patients with vitamin D deficiency and DMT2 can benefit from vitamin D replenishment. This may help improve glycemic control in these patients. This study served as a catalyst for future studies where the relationship between hypovitaminosis and insulin resistance can be thoroughly explored.
International Journal of Advances in Medicine, 2019
Background: Deficiency of Vitamin D in general population and its association with various disease conditions have been studied worldwide. Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is increasing at an alarming rate in Indian subcontinent, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to estimate level of Vitamin D and its association with patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of rural origin. This study objective was to estimate the Vitamin D level of patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and the effect of Vitamin D supplementation on glycemic statusMethods: This study was conducted at the Department of General medicine for a period of 1 year. Eighty patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus were recruited in the study and baseline parameters of glycemic control and Vitamin D levels were assessed. Only 36 patients complied with the recommendation and evaluated further.Results: All the patients included in the study had insufficient or deficient levels of Vitamin D. The mean vita...
Diabetes Mellitus and a New-Fangled Role of Vitamin D-A Review
2017
The newly discovered role of Vitamin D is now the current area of research as the ubiquitous presence of its receptor VDR and the presence of its activating enzymes like 1 alpha Hydroxylase implies its effect in various other metabolic processes other than bone growth and calcium metabolism. This review articles discusses about the role of Vitamin D deficiency and beneficial effect of its replenishment in Diabetes Mellitus particularly at molecular level affecting gene expression through various pathways. This new fangled role of Vitamin D in Diabetes Mellitus opens a new arena of research and prevention of Diabetes mellitus by its supplementation therapy.
The Diabetes Educator, 2008
Diabetes is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Persons with diabetes are at greater risk for early cardiac mortality, and for repeat events if they survive their first cardiac event. Recently, low serum concentrations of vitamin D have been associated with increased risk for cardiac events. Evidence indicates that persons with diabetes have lower serum concentrations of vitamin D. In addition, persons at risk for diabetes or metabolic syndrome have inadequate serum concentrations of vitamin D. This review will assess the evidence relative to the impact of vitamin D in the development of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes complications. Studies that address vitamin D and its impact on metabolic outcomes as well as possible mechanisms of action are provided. Finally, the assessment and suggested treatment for vitamin D deficiency is addressed. Effective detection and treatment of inadequate vitamin D concentrations in persons with diabetes or those at risk for diabetes...