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The neutron monitor (NM) remains the best available instrument for monitoring the secondary nucleonic component of the galactic cosmic rays for more than 80 years. Recently, NMs have been given another role related to satellite-based technologies for monitoring and forecasting of space weather events. At many sites around the world, the old neutron monitors were being refurbished and their operation synchronised to form a network known as the neutron monitor data base (NMDB). During the years, little has been changed in the construction of the actual neutron monitor. In this work we carried out a detailed study of the role of the various components (reflector, producer and moderator) on the output signal of a NM64 neutron monitor. The study was performed using the fully integrated particle physics Monte Carlo simulation package, FLUKA, utilising several different types of incident particles - from monoenergetic neutrons and protons to a complex galactic cosmic rays source tailored f...
Facilities of Athens Neutron Monitor Station to Space Weather services
arXiv: Space Physics, 2016
In the frame of the comprehensive knowledge, detection and forecasting of the solar terrestrial relations as well as space weather events, the ground based measurements of the network of neutron monitor constitutes a vital tool for these studies. This is mainly the reason that Athens Neutron Monitor Station (A.Ne.Mo.S.) beyond of the provision of its real time data, has also developed several research applications. More specifically, applications such as a) an optimized automated Ground Level Enhancement Alert (GLE Alert Plus) b) a web interface, providing data from mul- tiple Neutron Monitor stations (Multi-Station tool) and c) a simulation model, named DYnamic Atmospheric Shower Tracking Interactive Model Application (DYASTIMA), which allows the study of the cosmic ray showers resulted when primary cosmic ray particles enters the atmosphere, have been developed. The two first applications are currently federated products in European Space Agency (ESA) and actually available via th...
Early Forecast of Radiation Hazardous Solar Cosmic Ray Fluxes on the Neutron Monitors Data
Possibility of the forecast of radiation-hazardous solar cosmic ray fluxes with energies in tens-hundreds MeV according to the neutron monitors located on a ground surface is discussed. Neutron monitors register the relativistic SCR (energies from 0.5 to a several GeV) with the minimal delay, however in a high-energy region intensity SCR is small and does not represent serious radiation hazard. At the same time, having spotted a spectrum a SCR in a high-energy region it is possible to give the forecast of radiation-hazardous fluxes of particles of moderate energies with advance time till several hours. However this forecast is possible only by data from so-called «delayed component» of relativistic cosmic rays.