Tobacco treatment and prevention: what works and why (original) (raw)
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Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 2017
Adults with chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD) differ in their barriers to smoking cessation, but also suffer from tobacco related health concerns, which may motivate quit attempts. Few studies have examined differences in tobacco treatment response between smokers with and without CLRD. We examined the effectiveness of a proactive outreach program for cessation among smokers with and without CLRD. Subgroup analysis of the Veterans VICTORY Over Tobacco Study, a pragmatic randomized controlled trial that demonstrated the effectiveness of proactive outreach and the choice of tobacco treatments compared to usual care. Smokers identified via the electronic medical record were proactively offered phone-based counselling and care coordination to receive medication from their VA providers, or in-person care. We compared the response among those with and without an ICD-9 diagnosis of a CLRD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma). We used stratif...
COPD - An Update in Pathogenesis and Clinical Management, 2018
Smoking cessation is essential for COPD patients. It mitigates the progression of the disease and the loss of ventilatory capacity, thus improving the overall prognosis. Overall mortality can be reduced effectively including mortality from respiratory diseases as well as lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Its main goal must be to initiate tobacco cessation as early as possible after diagnosing COPD so as to enable the patient to influence the course of this disease in the most effective way possible. Depending on the degree of tobacco addiction, the application of behavioural therapy combined with pharmaceutical support has shown to be the most reliable therapy with highest long-term abstinence rates. Particular consideration is needed for patients with psychiatric comorbidity mainly represented by depression. The setting of tobacco cessation measures in outpatient clinics or practices embedded in long-term therapy of the underlying respiratory disease appears to be crucial for longtime abstinence.
Tobacco Prevention and Cessation, 2022
is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that encompasses all aspects of tobacco use, prevention and cessation that can promote a tobacco free society. The aim of the journal is to foster, promote and disseminate research involving tobacco use, prevention, policy implementation at a regional, national or international level, disease development-progression related to tobacco use, tobacco use impact from the cellular to the international level and finally the treatment of tobacco attributable disease through smoking cessation.
Smoking Cessation Interventions in Primary Healthcare Settings
International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Research And Allied Sciences, 2022
In the United States, tobacco use, mostly cigarette smoking, is the primary cause of preventable disease and death. It is commonly known that smoking raises the risk of a variety of cancers, including lung, liver, and colorectal cancers. Smokers account for 85% of lung cancer cases. Quitting smoking has been shown to lessen the risk of having a smoking-related disease among active smokers. A combination of therapy and one or more drugs is more helpful than either counseling or medication alone in helping individuals quit smoking. To provide an adequate evaluation of the different aspects of smoking cessation and the possible interventions in primary healthcare settings. We used the PubMed database for selecting articles, and the following keys were used in the mesh (("smoking cessation"[Mesh]) AND ("interventions"[Mesh]) OR ("primary healthcare"[Mesh])). To help smokers quit smoking, it is important to recognize that nicotine addiction is the root of their problem. Individuals with severe nicotine addiction may become mentally unstable and experience vague uneasiness. Such patients may benefit most from nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). By temporarily replacing the nicotine absorbed from smoking during smoking, the patient reduces the distressing withdrawal symptoms that occur during smoking cessation, leading to easier smoking cessation. Moreover, varenicline and sustained-release bupropion can be also used as first-line treatments for smoking cessation. In addition to pharmacological, behavioral therapies should also be provided to enhance the chances of quitting smoking.
Tobacco use: prevention, cessation, and control
2006
OBJECTIVES The RTI International-University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Evidence-based Practice Center (RTI-UNC EPC) systematically reviewed the evidence on (a) the effectiveness of community- and population-based interventions to prevent tobacco use and to increase consumer demand for and implementation of effective cessation interventions; (b) the impacts of smokeless tobacco marketing on smoking, use of those products, and population harm; and (c) the directions for future research. DATA SOURCES We searched MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Applied Health (CINAHL), Cochrane libraries, Cochrane Clinical Trials Register, Psychological Abstracts, and Sociological Abstracts from January 1980 through June 10, 2005. We included English-language randomized controlled trials, other trials, and observational studies, with sample size and follow-up restrictions. We used 13 Cochrane Collaboration systematic reviews, 5 prior systematic reviews, and 2 meta-analyses as the foundati...
[The importance of treating tobacco dependence]
Revista española de cardiología, 2008
Smoking is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Stopping smoking confers significant health benefits and is especially important for those with pre-exisiting CVD. Healthcare facilities should have systems in place to enable the identification of people who smoke, and ensure that smokers receive evidence based treatments to provide the best possible chances of stopping for good. Physicians have a crucial role to play to prompt quit attempts by giving brief advice to stop, and offering cessation support. Behavioural support strategies such as telephone, individual and group-based counselling improve the chances of long-term abstinence. Nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion and varenicline are medicines that have proven efficacy in aiding smoking cessation and increase the odds of quitting about 2-3 fold compared to placebo. Even patients with established cardiovascular disease can safely use nicotine replacement therapy to help them quit. For the greatest...