CORRELATION OF PROLACTIN AND THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE LEVEL IN INFERTILE WOMEN (original) (raw)
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Investigation of Thyroid Hormones and Prolactin Levels in Fertile and Infertile Women
MIDDLE BLACK SEA JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE, 2016
Objective: This study was conducted to investigate thyroid hormones and prolactin levels in fertile and infertile women. Materials and Methods: The study enrolled a total of 84 women, 40 infertile and 44 fertile, aged between 15-45 years and applied to Kars Maternity and Child Hospital, Obstetrics Clinic and Artvin State Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic. The study population was divided into 3 groups: Group P (n=30, women having primary infertility), Group S (n=10, women having secondary infertility) and Group F (N=44, fertile women). Blood samples were obtained in early follicular phase and serum thyrotropin (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT 3) , free thyroxine (FT 4) and prolactin levels were determined by Microparticle Enzyme Immunoasay (MEIA) method. Results: Serum TSH levels were 1.70±0.40, 1.60±0.20 and 0.80±0.20 µIU/ml for the groups F, P and S, respectively (p> 0.05). FT 3 levels were 2.36±0.06, 2.46±0.09 and 2.35±0.2 pg/ml while FT 4 levels were 0.98±0.02, 0.94±0.04 and 1.00±0.03 ng/dl for the groups F, P and S, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between TSH and FT 4 (p=0.012, r =-0.275) and a significant positive correlation between FT 3 and FT 4 (p=0.002, r = 0.330). Serum prolactin levels were measured as 16.70±2.60, 21.10± 2.10 and 16.00±1.90 ng/ml respectively for the groups F, P and S and no significant difference was detected between the groups with respect to prolactin levels (p >0.05). Conclusion: As a result, there was no difference between the groups in terms of TSH, FT 3 , FT 4 and prolactin levels. Hormone levels were generally within normal limits and therefore we determine no significant relationship between infertility and investigated parameters in this study.
2016
Background: Thyroid dysfunction and high prolactin levels can affect fertility due to anovulatory cycles, luteal phase defects and sex hormone imbalance. The study was designed to evaluate the status of Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin in female infertility after exclusion of tubal factor and male factor infertility, and to determine the degree of association of TSH with prolactin in cases of infertility. Material & Methods: The study design was a randomized case control study conducted at Rohilkhand Medical College & Hospital, Bareilly, U.P. The study subjects included 50 infertile and 50 normal fertile women in the age group of 20-40 years attending Gynaecology OPD during one year study period. The TSH and prolactin hormones were assayed using Enhanced Chemiluminescence Immunoassay and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Student's t-test, Analysis of variance and Pearson's correlation were used to analyze the data, with the significant p-level set at <0.05. Results: We found significantly higher mean TSH and prolactin levels in infertile females when compared with the normal fertile females. The mean TSH values were significantly higher in both primary and secondary infertility cases whereas mean prolactin level was significantly increased in primary infertility cases only. TSH and prolactin levels showed significant positive correlation in both primary and secondary infertility cases. Conclusion: There is a greater propensity for thyroid dysfunction and a higher prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in infertile women than the fertile ones and therefore, estimation of thyroid profile and prolactin should be included in the workup for infertile women.
CORRELATION OF PROLACTIN WITH THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE AND FEMALE SEX HORMONES IN INFERTILE WOMEN
Hormonal and biochemical disturbances play an important role in development of infertility cases. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the prolactin level and to explore the association between prolactin and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and other hormones in the diagnosed infertile women in Ma\'an governorate. The study was performed on 151 women (age group 20–40 years) who visited the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department at Ma\'an governmental hospital. The study sample was divided into three groups: fertile group (n= 27), primary infertile group (n= 82) and secondary infertile group (n= 42). The results showed high incidence of prolactin abnormalities in both primary and secondary infertile women (90% and 92%, respectively). Furthermore, TSH abnormalities were found in 90% of primary infertile and % 93 of secondary infertile women. In addition, the results revealed the positively significant correlation between TSH and the fertility. Positive correlations were found between the levels of prolactin and TSH in primary and secondary infertility. Also, there were positive correlations between the levels of prolactin and other hormones, including luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, estradiol and progesterone. In conclusion, the present study revealed a significant correlation between prolactin and TSH and other hormones in infertile women. Therefore, assessment of serum TSH and prolactin levels are mandatory in the work up of all infertile women, especially those presenting with menstrual irregularities.
STATUS OF THYROID AND PROLACTIN HORMONE LEVELS AMONG PRIMARY INFERTILITY PATIENTS
Objective: Infertility is defined as the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Hyperprolactinemia and thyroid dysfunction are associated with reproductive dysfunction and infertility. Hypothyroidism and hyperprolactinemia are found to be closely interrelated. This study aimed to observe the level of serum prolactin, free Tri-iodothyronine (fT3), free Thyroxine (fT4) and Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in women with primary infertility and to correlate the level of serum prolactin with TSH. Methods: The study was conducted on patients visiting OPD because of infertility at the Medicine and Gynecology and Obstetrics department of Services Hospital Lahore for one year duration from May 2019 to May 2020. The study included 50 women with primary infertility and 50 healthy controls of same age. Serum prolactin, fT3, fT4 and TSH levels were measured in all subjects. Results: The mean age of participants was 26.8 years. The median serum prolactin (21.8) and TSH levels (4.5) were found to be significantly high in the case group (p<0.001). Out of the total subjects with hyperprolactinemia, 51.1% were found to have hypothyroidism. There was a moderately strong, positive and significant correlation between serum prolactin and TSH levels (r=0.62, p<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that at a cutoff value of 22.5 ng/ mL for serum prolactin, a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 82% could be achieved for detecting hypothyroidism. Conclusion: The high incidence of hyperprolactinemia and thyroid disorders in primary infertility underlines the fact that all women coming to consult for infertility should be advised to undergo thyroid function tests and assess prolactin in the early stages of infertility control.
Correlation between prolactin, thyroid, LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in the infertile women
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Background: An important global health issue, infertility affects a couple’s social, psychological, economic, and sexual well-being. A variety of issues stemming from abnormal hypothalamus pituitary ovarian axis dysfunction make up the hormonal diseases of the female reproductive system. The aim of the study was to find correlation between prolactin, thyroid, LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in the infertile women. Methods: Present study was hospital based descriptive, cross-sectional study. 150 infertile women were required in sample size. Serum LH, FSH, estradiol was measured on day 2 of menstrual cycle and also serum TSH and serum progesterone on day 21. Results: Around one third (38%) of the cases was married since more than 10 years. Majority 108 (72%) had primary infertility and 50% of the women had history of irregular menstrual cycles. There was significant positive correlation between TSH and prolactin (p value <0.05) and significant negative correlation of TSH with F...
Thyroid hormones and FSH, LH, and prolactin correlation in infertility in women of reproductive age
Original Research
Background: In the assessment of female infertility, prolactin and thyroid hormone measures, notably thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), have been regarded as essential milestones. Numerous elements of pregnancy and reproduction are impacted by thyroid dysfunction. Aims and Objective: To compare the levels of thyroid hormones with those of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin in women of reproductive age who are infertile. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 50 fertile women between the ages of 20 and 45 are compared to 110 infertile women who visit our institute’s Gynec OPD. There were 110 infertile women, of which 40 had secondary infertility and 70 had primary infertility. Using chemiluminance immunoassay, the levels of thyroid hormones and infertility hormones are assessed in all individuals. Results: TSH and prolactin had a favorable correlation with one another. In groups of infertile women, they had a negative correlation with LH, FSH, and T3. Therefore, we can conclude that the etiopathogenesis of infertility is strongly influenced by hyperprolactinemia and hypothyroidism. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is highly prevalent in infertile females in the current study. Menstrual abnormalities brought on by these illnesses may result in infertility. In addition connected to hyperprolactinemia, these individuals frequently experience ovulatory failure. Therefore, the evaluation of serum TSH and prolactin levels is necessary for all infertile women to undergo, especially those who report with menstrual abnormalities. KEY WORDS: Prolactin; Infertility; Thyroid Hormones; Follicle-Stimulating Hormone; Luteinizing Hormone; Infertility
Thyroid hormones and prolactin levels in infertile women in southern Nigeria
Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2015
Human infertility is a complex global health problem. It has multiple social consequences which are especially profound for thyroid hormones in infertility with the aim of determining the degree of association of thyroid hormones with hyperprolactinemia in our population. The serum levels of prolactin, T3, T4 and TSH were determined in 90 hyperprolactinemic infertile women, 90 normoprolactinemic infertile women and 50 fertile women. The hormones were assayed using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay kits. Analysis of variance and Pearson's correlation were used to analyze the data, with the significant p-level set at 0.05. A significantly higher mean serum prolactin and TSH were observed among the infertile groups compared to the fertile controls (p<0.05). The mean serum T3 and T4 were significantly lower in the hyperprolactinemic infertile women compared to the fertile controls (p<0.05). The mean TSH and T3 of normoprolactinemic infertile women and controls were comparable ...
Hyperprolactinaemia and its Comparision with Hypothyroidism in Primary Infertile Women
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2013
Aim and Objective: To study the serum prolactin levels and the serum TSH in primary infertile females. Material and Method: In this study, we investigated thirty women who were diagnosed cases of primary infertility, who attended the Biochemistry Department, Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, India, for hormonal evaluations. Thirty fertile women with similar ages were enrolled as the controls. The status of the thyroid dysfunction and the levels of serum prolactin were reviewed in infertile women and in the controls. The serum Prolactin and the thyroid stimulating hormone levels were measured by using Siemens kits in IMMULITE 1000 chemiluminescence immunoassays. Results: In our study, the serum prolactin levels in the infertile group were found to be high as compared to those in the control group and they were highly significant (p<0.0001). The serum TSH levels in the infertile group were found to be high, as compared to those of control group and they were highly significant (p<0.0001). Conclusion: There is a higher incidence of hyperprolactinaemia in infertile patients. There is also a greater propensity for thyroid disorders in infertile women than in the fertile ones. The incidence of hypothyroidism in the hyperprolactinaemic subjects in the study population was found to be highly significant than the normal controls.
Introduction: The prevalence of infertility is estimated to be between 12 and 14%. It thus represents a common condition, with important medical, economic and psychological implications. Proper evaluation of these disorders involves a multidimensional diagnostic approach. The present study was carried out to correlate thyroid hormones with FSH, LH and prolactin in infertility in the reproductive age group women. Aim: The aim of this research work was to correlate thyroid hormones with FSH, LH and prolactin in infertility in the reproductive age group women. Material and Methods: Total 120 infertile women, and 80 normal fertile women volunteers were selected on OPD basis between age group of 19 to 45 years. Out of 120 infertile women, 80 were of primary infertility and 40 of secondary infertility. They were screened for thyroid hormone status by Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA). Result and Discussion: Prolactin and TSH were positively correlated with each other. They were also negatively correlated with LH, FSH & T3 in infertile groups. Therefore we can say that hyperprolactinemia & hypothyroidism plays key role in etiopathogenesis of infertility. Long standing hypothyroidism may develop ovulatory dysfunction, and hyperprolactinemia. So identifying and treating hypothyroidism at an earlier stage before the appearance of ovulatory dysfunction and hyperprolactinemia, can have potentially great preventive value. So TSH screening of all females of early reproductive age group should be done so as to detect subclinical thyroid problem and to prevent infertility risk.