The human mandibular intercondylar angle measured by computed tomography (original) (raw)
Related papers
European Journal of Dentistry
Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the condylar position and its relation to articular eminence and axial condylar angle in temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) patients and in normal controls using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CBCT temporomandibular joint (TMJ) images of 70 participants (38 males and 32 females, mean age 26.4 years) were analyzed. They were divided into control group (including 35 subjects) and study group (including 35 subjects). Linear measurements of joint space and condyle determined the condylar position of each TMJ. Articular eminence height and inclination were also measured with axial condylar angle to determine its relation to condylar position. Independent and paired sample t-test was applied to compare between the groups and TMJ sides of the same group at significance level of 0.05. Results: Statistical significant differences were found between males and females of both groups regarding superior joint sp...
Folia Morphologica, 2015
Background: To examine the detailed anatomy of the normal temporomandibular joint in a large series of patients divided into different age groups. Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 100 patients included the study. Morphometric analysis regarding mandibular condyle and mandibular fossa, articular tubercle and the zygomatic arch was done. The volumetric and surface measurements of mandibular condyles (total tissue volume (TV), total bone volume (BV), bone surface area (BS) and percentage of bony tissue of the mandibular condyle (BV/TV)) were also measured. Results: Statistical analysis was performed, and statistically significant differences according to the side of the joint, sex, and age groups were reported. Additionally, correlations between aging and all of these parameters were also determined. Conclusions: TV, BV, BS and BV/TV parameters according to side, age, and sex groups were 2 defined for normal TMJ which may help to understand the onset and progress of TMJ disorders.
2020
Introduction: Conditions of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are affected by changes in movement and load during the joint’s function, which can cause morphological changes in hard tissues, such as the condyle. Panoramic radiographs can provide an indication of changes in hard tissues in TMJ. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether there was any correlation between mandibular condyle shapes as seen on panoramic radiographs and TMJ conditions in adult female participants. Methods: The participants of this study were 75 adult female patients who underwent a panoramic radiograph examination conducted at the Maranatha Dental Hospital Radiology Unit. The patients were clinically examined based on the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Clinical Temporomandibular Disorder (RDC/TMD) questionnaire and also their panoramic radiographs. The data from the patients were categorized into four groups according to the RDC/TMD: normal, muscle disorders, disc displacement, and other...
Morphometric evaluation of the temporomandibular joint on cone-beam computed tomography
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy, 2020
Introduction Evaluation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pathologies with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides essential information about the bone structures of the TMJ. It is important to know the normal reference range when defining these pathologies. The aim of this study is to examine the morphometric and morphologic analyses of the bone structures of TMJ on the CBCT images in detail according to age, gender, and joint side. Material and methods A total of 35 parameters related to the condylar process, articular tubercle, mandibular fossa, ramus of mandible, and joint space were examined on the CBCT images. These parameters were compared with the joint sides and gender, and correlated with age. Results Thirty-five parameters were evaluated. A statistically significant difference was found between genders in 22 parameters and joint sides in 6 parameters. When the correlation of parameters with age was examined; it was found that there was a very weak positive relationship in nine parameters, a weak positive relationship in one parameter, and a very weak relationship in the negative direction in two parameters. Conclusion In this study, the condylar process, articular tubercle, mandibular fossa, ramus of mandible, and joint spaces, which are usually examined separately in the literature, were examined, and the normal reference range was determined for all these parameters. We think that these normal reference ranges will be useful for researchers interested in TMJ pathologies.
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2011
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the condyle-fossa relationship, the position of the condyles in their respective mandibular fossae, and the dimensional and positional symmetries between the right and left condyles in a sample with normal occlusion. Methods: Thirty subjects from 15 to 32 years of age with normal occlusion had computed tomography scans of their temporomandibular joints. The images obtained from the axial slices were evaluated for possible asymmetries in size and position between the condylar processes. The images obtained from the sagittal slices were used to assess the depth of the mandibular fossa, the condyle-fossa relationship, and the centralization of the condyles in their respective mandibular fossae. Paired Student t tests were applied, and Pearson product moment correlations were determined after measurements on both sides were obtained. Results: The largest mediolateral diameter of the mandibular condylar processes (P 5 0.022) and the posterior joint spaces (P 5 0.048) showed statistically significant differences between the right and left sides. Statistically significant (P \0.05) anterior positioning of the condyles (noncentralized position) was observed. Conclusions: No singular characteristic in the temporomandibular joints of the normal occlusion group was verified. The largest mediolateral diameter of the mandibular condylar processes and the posterior joint spaces showed statistically significant differences between the right and left sides. Evaluation of the position of the condyles in their respective mandibular fossae showed noncentralized positioning for the right and left sides. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011;140:18-24)
Dental Research Journal
Background: The etiology of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is complex and associated with multiple predisposing and initiating factors. Articular eminence morphology and steep eminence inclination have been postulated as the etiological factors, but there has been no clear evidence of association of morphology of the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) complex as a probable predisposing factor in the pathogenesis of TMDs. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, case-control study, and cone-beam computed tomography scans, and the evaluation was performed for 60 joints in 30 patients with symptomatic TMDs and for 40 healthy joints of 20 age-matched patients. One-way ANOVA, post hoc, unpaired t-test, Chi-square, and intra-class correlation coefficient test were used to determine the correlation between the TMJ articular eminence inclination, height, condylar bone changes, condyle, and fossa shapes with symptomatic TMDs. The P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: There was a statistically significant difference of articular eminence inclination and height with a steeper eminence inclination in the control group (P = 0.044*, and 0.035*). The condylar bone changes were found to be significantly more in the TMJ disorder group (P = 0.001*). There was no significant association of condyle and fossa shapes (P = 0.482 and 0.689) and of articular eminence inclination and height with condylar bone changes (P = 0.695, 0.498, 0.192, and 0.823) and condyle shapes (P = 0.389, 0.521, 0.260, and 0.387). The eminence inclination was not associated with fossa shapes (P = 0.471 and 0.086), but eminence height was associated with fossa shapes in the TMJ disorder group (P = 0.043* and 0.111). Conclusion: The results depicted that there was no significant association between TMJ complex anatomy and TMJ disorders in the present study population.
Temporomandibular Joint Anatomy Assessed by CBCT Images
Aim. Since cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been used for the study of craniofacial morphology, the attention of orthodontists has also focused on the mandibular condyle. The purpose of this brief review is to summarize the recent 3D CBCT images of mandibular condyle. Material and Methods. The eligibility criteria for the studies are (a) studies aimed at evaluating the anatomy of the temporomandibular joint; (b) studies performed with CBCT images; (c) studies on human subjects; (d) studies that were not clinical case-reports and clinical series; (e) studies reporting data on children, adolescents, or young adults (data from individuals with age ≤ 30 years). Sources included PubMed from June 2008 to June 2016. Results. 43 full-text articles were initially screened for eligibility. 13 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. 11 articles were finally included in qualitative synthesis. The main topics treated in the studies are the volume and surface of the mandibular condyle, the bone changes on cortical surface, the facial asymmetry, and the optimum position of the condyle in the glenoid fossa. Conclusion. Additional studies will be necessary in the future, constructed with longitudinal methodology, especially in growing subjects. The limits of CBCT acquisitions are also highlighted.
Cumhuriyet Dental Journal
Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the articular eminence inclination and height and correlate these findings with the eminence shapes and degenerative condylar changes using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: The assessments were established on CBCT images of 566 temporomandibular joints (TMJ) that were included from the computer database. Age and gender were recorded for all individuals. Degenerative changes were examined in the articular surface of the condyle. The articular eminence (AE) inclination and height measurements were performed on central parasagittal slices of the TMJ. The shape of the AE was classified as box, sigmoid, flattened, and deformed. Results: The prevalence of degenerative changes in the condyle was higher in males, but no significant difference was found (p ˃ 0.05). The AE inclination and height have a relation with gender and age groups. The AE inclination and height results were greater in males (p < 0.05). The reduced m...
Imaging Science in Dentistry, 2016
Purpose: This study was performed to compare the condylar position in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) and a normal group by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: In the TMD group, 25 patients (5 men and 20 women) were randomly selected among the ones suffering from TMD according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/ TMD). The control group consisted of 25 patients (8 men and 17 women) with normal temporomandibular joints (TMJs) who were referred to the radiology department in order to undergo CBCT scanning for implant treatment in the posterior maxilla. Linear measurements from the superior, anterior, and posterior joint spaces between the condyle and glenoid fossa were made through defined landmarks in the sagittal view. The inclination of articular eminence was also determined. results: The mean anterior joint space was 2.3 mm in the normal group and 2.8 mm in the TMD group, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between the superior and posterior joint spaces in both the normal and TMD groups, but it was only in the TMD group that the correlation coefficient among the dimensions of anterior and superior spaces was significant. There was a significant correlation between the inclination of articular eminence and the size of the superior and posterior spaces in the normal group. conclusion: The average dimension of the anterior joint space was different between the two groups. CBCT could be considered a useful diagnostic imaging modality for TMD patients.