Animal model of acute gout reproduces the inflammatory and ultrasonographic joint changes of human gout (original) (raw)
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Joint, bone, spine : revue du rhumatisme, 2018
To determine the prevalence of the ultrasound findings indicating monosodium urate crystal deposits at the popliteal groove region in patients with gout; to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in detecting monosodium urate crystal deposits at the popliteal groove region, patellar tendon and the knee hyaline cartilage; to investigate the correlation between the ultrasound findings at the popliteal groove region and the clinical features. Bilateral ultrasound assessment of the popliteal groove region, patellar tendon and femoral condyles' hyaline cartilage was performed on 47 consecutive patients with gout and 37 controls. The ultrasound findings indicating monosodium urate crystals (aggregates, tophi and "double-contour" sign) were identified according to the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology definitions. One or more ultrasound abnormalities (aggregates and/or tophi) were found in at least one popliteal groove region in 23 out of 47 patients with gout (48.9%) ...
Gout-Associated Uric Acid Crystals Activate the NALP3 Inflammasome
Nature, 2006
Development of the acute and chronic inflammatory responses known as gout and pseudogout are associated with the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) or calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals, respectively, in joints and periarticular tissues. Although MSU crystals ...
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 2007
To determine whether hypouricaemic treatment results in the disappearance of urate crystals from gouty joints and to define the time required. Methods: In 18 patients with monosodium urate (MSU) crystal proven gout, and after the initiation of successful serum uric acid (SUA)-lowering treatment, an arthrocentesis of the asymptomatic signal joint (11 knees, 7 first metatarsophalangeal joints) was performed every 3 months to obtain a synovial fluid (SF) sample. The sample was then analysed for the presence of MSU crystals, and the number of crystals/4006 field was noted. SUA levels and the duration of gout were also noted. Results: MSU crystals disappeared from the SF of all 18 joints after reduction of SUA to normal levels. The time required for disappearance ranged from 3 to 33 months; disappearance time correlated with the duration of gout (r s = 0.71; p,0.01). The median number of MSU crystals in the SF samples before uratelowering treatment was 7.5 (2.5-11) crystals/4006 field, reducing to 3 (1-6.5) crystals/4006 field (p,0.05) at 3 months. Crystal counts continued to decrease after 3 months. Conclusions: In gout, reduction of SUA to normal levels results in disappearance of urate crystals from SF, requiring a longer time in those patients with gout of longer duration. This indicates that urate crystal deposition in joints is reversible. Normalisation of SUA levels results in a decrease in the concentration of MSU crystals in SF in the asymptomatic gouty joints. This may partially explain the reduced frequency of gouty attacks when a patient has been treated with SUA-lowering drugs.
The Journal of Immunology, 2019
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a pivotal component of the innate immune system, in gout. Levels of PTX3 and IL-1β in human samples were evaluated by ELISA. Development of murine gout was evaluated through the levels of cytokines (PTX3, CXCL1, and IL-1β) and neutrophil recruitment into the joint cavity. Phagocytosis of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals and caspase-1 activation were determined by flow cytometer. Acute gout patients showed elevated concentration of PTX3 in plasma and synovial fluid as compared with healthy and osteoarthritic subjects. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between intra-articular PTX3 and IL-1β levels. PTX3 was induced in the periarticular tissue of mice postinjection of MSU crystals. Importantly, Ptx3-deficient mice showed reduced inflammation in response to MSU crystal injection compared with wild-type mice, including reduction of neutrophil recruitment into the joint cavity and IL-1β and CXCL1 producti...
The place of musculoskeletal ultrasonography in gout diagnosis
Medical ultrasonography, 2014
Gout represents a common inflammatory arthritis conditions in which the monosodium urate (MSU) crystals are deposited in joints and other tissues producing attacks of acute arthritis/ chronic arthropathy with important destructive lesions in articular or juxta-articular spaces. High resolution ultrasonography (US) is able to detect these deposits and their consequences: hyaline cartilage pathology, joint effusions, synovitis, bone erosions, tendons, bursitis, and other soft tissues involvement. Moreover, there are characteristic findings of this aggregates that can be detected by US, helping the clinician for positive and differential diagnosis. In this review we will present the main US findings in gout. The utility of the method in diagnosis and treatment response will be discussed. Also, comparison with other imaging techniques in terms of sensibility and specificity of the methods for this pathological situation will be made.
Journal of leukocyte biology, 1997
Accumulating evidence implicates interleukin-8 (IL-8) as an essential mediator in neutrophil-mediated acute inflammation. Neutrophils have also been shown to have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute gouty arthritis. Thus, we investigate the pathophysiological role of IL-8 in an experimental model of acute gout, monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced arthritis in rabbits. The injection of MSU crystals into knee joints caused a marked swelling of joints. Concomitantly, the infiltration ofleukocytes, mostly neutrophils, was observed in synovial membrane and synovial fluids. The injection of MSU crystals also induced an elevation in synovial fluid IL-8 levels preceding neutrophil infiltration into synovial fluids, without an accompanying increase in plasma IL-8 levels. Immunoreactive IL-8 protein was detected in synovial lining cells at 12-24 h after the injection. IL-8 protein was also observed in infiltrated leukocytes in synovium as early as 3-24 h after the injection. Finall...
Feasibility of a Strategy to Prevent Gouty Arthritis Through Limiting Crystallization of Monosodium
2018
Background: Crystallization of monosodium urate (MSU) is the cause of gout as well as is the cause of about 10% of kidney stones. The focus of this paper is on altering the crystallization of MSU, which occurs in the affected joint space. It is generally accepted that the inflammation caused by the MSU crystals leads to the clinical signs of gout: swelling, redness, and pain. Developing treatment and prevention strategies are hampered by not knowing the exact mechanisms. It is known, however, that the inflammatory phase can be controlled by limiting the size and amount of crystals formed. It is also known that only 2 to 36% of hyperuricemic individuals get gout; suggesting that there are chemicals found in the body that can prevent or limit crystallization in hyperuricemic individuals. This study was designed to look at the ability of various chemicals to modify the crystallization of MSU. Methods and Findings: It was found that vitamins (riboflavin, pyridoxine HCL, and β-carotene),...