Strategies for editing out speech errors in inner speech (original) (raw)

Output editing for lexical status in artificially elicited slips of the tongue

Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1975

It was shown previously that spoonerisms (such as bad goof--gad boo f) can be elicited by having subjects articulate a target (bad goof) preceded by bias items which contain at least the inmal phoneme (/g/) of the desired error outcome. The present study takes advantage of the fact that two very samllar targets such as darn bore and dart board will often have very different outcomes (e g., the error outcome barn door is meaningful while bart doard is not) Any systemanc difference in the rate of errors between these types of targets must be atmbntable to processes which take place after recoding of the target into its corresponding shp It is thus possible to directly evaluate the effect of editing processes which apply only to the error outcome, and not to the target word pair It is demonstrated that for lexacal (L) targets, L outcomes are slgmficantly more frequent than nonsense (N) outcomes. For N targets, the same generahzation obtains, but only in a context that contains lexical filler items There is no difference in the overall spoonerism rate on the basis of the lexical status of the error outcome unless the context clearly contains other lexical items In such a context, nonlexlcal outcomes appear to be suppressed. Theoretical lmplicaUons are discussed

Parallels between self-monitoring for speech errors and identification of the misspoken segments.

Journal of Memory and Language, 2013

"Highlights: •Self-monitoring for segmental speech errors is investigated indirectly. •Listeners identified fragments from segmental errors and their correct controls. •Segmental errors had been undetected, early detected or late detected. •Numbers of misidentifications and RTs varied with origin of the fragments. •Results are interpreted in terms of time course of self-monitoring. Abstract: This paper investigates self-monitoring for speech errors by means of consonant identification in speech fragments excised from speech errors and their correct controls, as obtained in earlier experiments eliciting spoonerisms. Upon elicitation, segmental speech errors had been either not detected, or early detected or late detected and repaired by the speakers. Results show that misidentifications are rare but more frequent for speech errors than for control fragments. Early detected errors have fewer misidentifications than late detected errors. Reaction times for correct identifications betray effects of varying perceptual ambiguity. Early detected errors result in reaction times that are even faster than those of correct controls, while late detected errors have the longest reaction times. We speculate that in early detected errors speech is initiated before conflict with the correct target arises, and that in both early and late detected errors conflict between competing segments has led to detection."

Insights for speech production planning from errors in inner speech

Inner speech is the soundless mental speech that arises when people think or rehearse. It is sufficiently like overt speech that it, too, has slips of the " tongue " in it. Inner slips are similar to overt slips, except that they are sometimes less sensitive to phonemic similarity. The chapter reviews research on the phonemic similarity effect in inner speech error, concluding that inner speech has impoverished articulatory representations.

Temporal aspects of self-monitoring for speech errors

Journal of Memory and Language, 2019

We report two four-word tongue twister experiments eliciting consonantal errors and their repairs, in word initial and medial positions, testing some predictions relating to temporal aspects of self-monitoring. Main findings: (1) After internal error detection interrupting the speaking process takes more time than speech initiation of the error form. This implies that "covert repairs" are rare. (2) Word onset-to-cutoff times are longer for medial than for initial errors. This implies that scanning internal word forms for errors takes time. (3) Cutoff-torepair times of 0 ms are overrepresented. This shows that often repairs are available at interruption. (4) Cutoffto-repair times are longer for medial than initial consonants. This shows that repairing takes more time for medial than for initial errors. (5) Detection rate decreases from early to late within word forms. Temporal aspects of self-monitoring suggest time-consuming scanning of internal word forms, strategic postponement of interruption, and variations of selective attention.

Inner speech slips exhibit lexical bias, but not the phonemic similarity effect q

Inner speech, that little voice that people often hear inside their heads while thinking, is a form of mental imagery. The properties of inner speech errors can be used to investigate the nature of inner speech, just as overt slips are informative about overt speech production. Overt slips tend to create words (lexical bias) and involve similar exchanging phonemes (phonemic similarity effect). We examined these effects in inner and overt speech via a tongue-twister recitation task. While lexical bias was present in both inner and overt speech errors, the phonemic similarity effect was evident only for overt errors, producing a significant overtness by similarity interaction. We propose that inner speech is impoverished at lower (featural) levels, but robust at higher (phonemic) levels.