Bioavailability, biodistribution, and toxicity of biozn-aas 1 1 BioZn-AAS has been assigned patent number 9800574. : a new zinc source. comparative studies in rats (original) (raw)
Related papers
Nutrition, 2000
Food fortification with a proper zinc compound is an economic and effective strategy to prevent zinc deficiency. BioZn-AAS, a zinc gluconate stabilized with glycine, was compared with zinc sulfate (reference standard), zinc hydroxide, and zinc gluconate, all of them labeled with 65 Zn. This preclinical study was performed on Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes, and the administered dose was 85 g/kg of zinc. Bioavailability studies showed that absorption of BioZn-AAS was not statistically different than absorption from other sources in female rats 25.65% Ϯ 2.20% for BioZn-AAS, 28.24% Ϯ 4.60% for ZnSO 4 , 24.91% Ϯ 4.02% for Zn[OH] 2 , and 25.51% Ϯ 2.70% for Zn-gluconate). In the case of the male rats, absorption of BioZn-AAS (27.97% Ϯ 4.20%) was higher (PϽ0.05) than that from the other compounds (23.15% Ϯ 2.90% for ZnSO 4 , 22.62% Ϯ 3.90% for Zn[OH] 2 , and 22.30% Ϯ 3.90% for Zn-gluconate)
SUMMARY. The effects of zinc-methionine complexes with molar relation 1:1 and 1:2 have been examined as nutritional supplements in rats. The synthesis and characterization of two compounds were studied by elemental analysis and FTIR. The bioavailability effect was studied by zinc retention and its content in rat tissues in rats fed with different zinc-methionine complexes. The compound 1:1 was a cation complex of formula [Zn(C 5H10NO2S)(H2O)2] + , very water soluble, while the compound 1:2 was a neutral complex of formule [Zn(C 5H10NO2S]2], only soluble in pH below 3. FTIR spectra of both complexes show strong absorption bands due to CO stretching of the amino acid group (ranging from ν ν s(C=O) 1638 cm –1 and ν ν as(CO) 1414 cm –1 , in ZnMet, to ν ν s(C=O) 1608 cm –1 and ν ν as(CO) 1426 cm –1 , in Zn(Met)2) shifted significantly with respect to the ones observed for the free methionine (ν ν as(COO) 1582 cm –1 and ν ν s(COO) 1415 cm –1 ,1720 cm –1). The nutritional result in the zinc fecal elimination of the animals of the control group was significantly different (P < 0.05) to the ones observed for the animals treaties with zinc supplemented diets, though this was not observed during urinary elimination. This study indicates that the content of zinc in the feces collected in 14 days for all zinc diet were significantly different (P<0.05) from the control group (animals treaties with zinc practically absent). The retention of zinc in the groups treated with the methionine compounds was significantly higher than the ones fed with ZnSO 4 and ZnO diet. In conclusion, these data indicate that the use of zinc-methionine chelates is a valuable tool to increase bioavailability of zinc, however without significant differences between ZnMet and Zn(Met) 2. RESUMEN. " Estudios sobre la Biodisponibilidad de Zinc en Ratas Suplementadas con Dos Diferentes Compues-tos Zinc-Metionina ". Se han estudiado los efectos de los complejos zinc-metionina con la relación molar 1:1 y 1:2 como suplementación alimentaria de zinc en ratones. La obtención y la caracterización de dos complejos de zinc fueron evaluadas por análisis elemental y FTIR. El efecto de la biodisponibilidad de zinc fue estudiado por la retención en el contenido del metal en los tejidos de ratones alimentados con diversas fuentes. El compuesto 1:1 era un complejo del catión de fórmula [Zn(C 5H10NO2S)(H2O)2] + , muy soluble en agua, mientras que el com-puesto 1:2 era un complejo neutro de fórmula [Zn(C 5H10NO2S)2], solamente soluble debajo de pH 3. Los espec-tros de FTIR de ambos complejos demostraron franjas de absorción fuertes debido al estiramiento del CO del grupo del aminoácido (extendiéndose de ν s(C=O) 1638 cm –1 y νas(CO) 1414 cm –1 , en ZnMet, a νs(C=O) 1608 cm –1 y νas(CO) 1426 cm –1 , en Zn(Met)2, cambiados de posición perceptiblemente las frecuencias asimétricas aumentan y las frecuencias simétricas disminuyen con respecto a la metionina libre νs(COO) 1582 cm –1 y νas(COO) 1415 cm –1 , 1720 cm –1. El resultado de la alimentación fue observado claramente en la eliminación fe-cal del zinc de los animales del grupo de control perceptiblemente diferente (P < 0,05) que los tratados de los animales con dietas suplementadas con zinc, pero no se observó en la eliminación urinaria. El estudio indica que el contenido del zinc en las heces recogidas en 14 días para toda la dieta del zinc era perceptiblemente diferente (P < 0,05) del grupo de control (tratamiento de los animales con prácticamente ausencia de zinc). La retención del zinc en los grupos a los que se administraron compuestos de metionina fue perceptiblemente más alta que la alimentación con dieta de ZnSO 4 y de ZnO. En conclusión, estos datos indican que el uso del los complejos zinc-metionina constituyen una herramienta valiosa a la biodisponibilidad del aumento del zinc, no obstante sin dife-rencias significativas entre ZnMet y la forma Zn(Met) 2.
Subacute toxic effects of zinc on various tissues and organs of rats
Toxicology Letters, 2003
In order to expand our knowledge of zinc toxicity and to assess further the toxicities of zinc systematically, we observed the toxic effects of zinc on the functions of various tissues and organs in rats. The rats were randomly divided into four groups (14 in each group), viz. one normal control group (received saline), two zinc groups (Zn low : 4 mg/kg of zinc acetate; Zn high : 8 mg/kg of zinc acetate), and one cyclophosphamide group (50 mg/kg, as positive control of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MPCEs)). Saline and zinc acetate were administered intraperitoneally to the rats once every 2 days, seven times in total. Cyclophosphamide was given intraperitoneally to the rats once. The concentration of blood zinc was determined and accumulation of zinc was not observed in the experimental groups. The frequencies of basophilic stippled erythrocyte (BSE) and MPCEs in the Zn high group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) and serum triiodothyronine (T3) in the Zn high groups decreased significantly, compared with the control group (P < 0.01 or 0.05). Moreover, we also observed that the level of serum cortisol, another adrenal corticoid hormone in rats, was increased by zinc acetate in a dose-dependent manner. According to the literature and our findings, exposure to zinc, especially at higher doses, may produce toxic effects on various tissues and organs including the hematopoietic system, cytogenetics, biochemistry and endocrine system function. Therefore, it is suggested that zinc should be used carefully, especially by high risk groups such as children and pregnant women despite its use as a food additive or in self-medication. At the same time, it is necessary to investigate and research further these toxicities of zinc with long-term administration of low dosage.
Effects of oral zinc loading on zinc metabolism in humans—I: Experimental studies
Metabolism, 1982
The effects of oral zinc on distribution, retention and excretion of orally administered '%I were studied in 56 patients with taste and smell dysfunction. The study was conducted in three phases. In the first phase all patients were studied for 21 days after receiving 3-18 &i of %n as ZnCI, orally after an overnight fast. In the second phase, started after 21 days and continued for 290 to 446 (mean 338) days, all 56 patients received placebo for Zn80,. In the third phase 14 patients continued on placebo while 38 received ZnSO, (1 Wmg/day Znf + 1 for 112 to 440 (mean 307) days. Phases two and three were a controlled clinical trial of the effects of zinc on retention of "Zn tracer. Total body retention and activity in plasma and red blood cells were measured for all patients throughout the study. Ten of the 38 patients treated with ZnSO., had additional measurements of 66Zn activity in liver and thigh made using external detectors. Total body retention during the second phase placebo period was not significantly different (p > 0.25) for the 36 subjects subsequently treated with ZnSO, (biological half-time (T,) 378 + 12 days) (mean + SEMI and the 14 who were continued on placebo through the third phase of the study (T, = 384 + 8 days). During the third phase patients receiving ZnSO, showed an accelerated loss of total body "Zn (T, = 235 f 8 days) which was significantly different (p < 0.001) from half-time values during placebo treatment. Accelerated loss of "Zn from the thigh was apparent immediately, while that from the liver began after a mean delay of 107 days. There was no apparent effect of zinc on loss of mean =Zn activity from red blood cells.
Recent Advances of Zinc in Human Health: A Review
International Research Journal Of Pharmacy, 2020
Zinc is a very essential trace element for human health. Adequate zinc level is very necessary for several body functions. Proper zinc level can reduce the child illness and may increase the physical growth of the children. Daily dietary intake of zinc is 8-11 mg/day for normal human being, excess and lower of this amount can cause illness in the human body. Approximately 2 billion people can be affected by the zinc deficiency. Zinc mostly found in all plants, animals and available in all sorts of vitamin supplements as well. Zinc can control the enzyme activity and DNA formation. Exposure to excess zinc can cause some serious illness like metal fume fever, prostate cancer, nausea, vomiting, fatigue etc. Zinc deficiency may lead to the world's third most important cause of impaired child growth. Apart from reduced child growth, diarrhea, common cold, impaired mental development can be caused by the lack of zinc concentration. In this review we will give insights to the zinc functions biochemistry, source, metabolism, assessment methods and definitely the deficiency and toxicity effect.
Nutr Res, 1999
Food fortification with a proper zinc compound is an economic and effective strategy to prevent zinc deficiency. BioZn-AAS, a zinc gluconate stabilized with glycine, was compared with zinc sulfate (reference standard), zinc hydroxide, and zinc gluconate, all of them labeled with 65 Zn. This preclinical study was performed on Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes, and the administered dose was 85 g/kg of zinc. Bioavailability studies showed that absorption of BioZn-AAS was not statistically different than absorption from other sources in female rats 25.65% Ϯ 2.20% for BioZn-AAS, 28.24% Ϯ 4.60% for ZnSO 4 , 24.91% Ϯ 4.02% for Zn[OH] 2 , and 25.51% Ϯ 2.70% for Zn-gluconate). In the case of the male rats, absorption of BioZn-AAS (27.97% Ϯ 4.20%) was higher (PϽ0.05) than that from the other compounds (23.15% Ϯ 2.90% for ZnSO 4 , 22.62% Ϯ 3.90% for Zn[OH] 2 , and 22.30% Ϯ 3.90% for Zn-gluconate)
Analytical Letters, 2017
Zinc deficiency and excess can result in adverse health outcomes. There is conflicting evidence regarding whether excess or deficient zinc in the diet can contribute to carcinogenicity. The objective of this study was to characterize zinc carbonate basic for use as a source of dietary zinc in a rodent toxicity and carcinogenicity study investigating the effects of zinc deficiency and excess. Because of the complex chemistries of zinc carbonate basic compounds, inconsistent nomenclature, and literature and reference spectra gaps, it was necessary to employ multiple analytical techniques, including Karl Fischer titration, combustion analysis, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and thermogravimetric analysis to characterize the test article. Based on the collective evidence and through the process of elimination, the test article was found to be composed mainly of zinc carbonate basic with zinc oxide as a minor component. The zinc content was determined to be 56.6% (w/w) with heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead below the limit of quantitation of less than or equal to 0.01%. The test material was stable at ambient temperature. Based on the work described in this manuscript, the test article was suitable for use as a source of zinc in studies of deficiency and excess in the diet.
International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, 2020
Zinc is an essential trace element used as a supplement in the treatment of many diseases such as diarrhoea. This study was conceived to evaluate the short term effect of zinc administration on some biochemical parameters in albino rats. Sixteen albino rats (both sexes) were allocated randomly into four groups of four rats each. Group 1 served as the control and were given distilled water, groups II-IV were administered 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight of Zn respectively for 14 consecutive days. The animals were sacrificed on the 15 th day and blood was collected for liver and kidney function parameters, antioxidant enzymes activities and malondialdehyde concentration using standard procedures. The concentrations of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) significantly increased (p < 0.05) while aspartate aminotransferase (AST) significantly decreased in a dose dependent manner when compared with the control group. There was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in creatinine, a significant increase in potassium and no significant difference in serum urea level when compared with the control group. The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase significantly increased while MDA significantly decreased when compared with the control group. Increased potassium level is an indication of kidney dysfunction. Increased antioxidant enzymes and decreased MDA indicates that zinc improved antioxidant status and decreased free radical generation. Increased serum ALT activity infers improvement in its activity rather than hepatocellular injury. Further studies on the effect of zinc at larger doses and long term should be carried out.