Fertility preservation in women (original) (raw)
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Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention
Ovarian tissue freezing or cryopreservation might be the only acceptable method for preserving the young women fertility, before radiotherapy or chemotherapy. This technology might be used for patients with recurrent ovarian cysts or endometriosis, without ovarian stimulation. Many efforts have made to improve cryopreservation conditions that should be seriously considered for cancer patients. Vitrification is a process which prevents ovarian tissue from cryo damage, then preserves cell viability. Both methods have used for evaluating not only the follicular development, but also the fertility after freezing and thawing. In this manuscript, we have discussed the techniques of ovarian tissue vitrification, then graft and maturation or follicular development is also mentioned.
2016
Ovarian tissue freezing or cryopreservation might be the only acceptable method for preserving the young women fertility, before radiotherapy or chemotherapy. This technology might be used for patients with recurrent ovarian cysts or endometriosis, without ovarian stimulation. Many efforts have made to improve cryopreservation conditions that should be seriously considered for cancer patients. Vitrification is a process which prevents ovarian tissue from cryo damage, then preserves cell viability. Both methods have used for evaluating not only the follicular development, but also the fertility after freezing and thawing. In this manuscript, we have discussed the techniques of ovarian tissue vitrification, then graft and maturation or follicular development is also mentioned.
Fertility Preservation In Cancer Patients: In Vivo And In Vitro Options
Volume 19, Number 2, Jul-Sep (Summer) 2017, Serial Number: 74, 2017
Oocyte, embryo and ovarian tissue cryopreservation are being increasingly proposed for fertility preservation among cancer patients undergoing therapy to enable them to have babies after the cancer is cured. Embryo cryopreservation is not appropriate for single girls without any spermpartner. It is impossible in cases requiring immediate cancer cure because oocyte retrieval is an extended procedure. Thus ovarian tissue cryopreservation has been suggested for fertility preservation especially in cancer patients. The main goal of ovarian cryopreservation is re-implanting the tissue into the body to restore fertility and the hormonal cycle. Different cryopreservation protocols have been examined and established for vitrification of biological samples. We have used Cryopin to plunge ovarian tissue into the liquid nitrogen and promising results have been observed. The possibility of recurrence of malignancy in the reimplanted tissue could be a problem. Xenografting-implantation of the preserved tissue in another species-also has its drawbacks such as molecular signaling from the recipient. In vitro follicle culturing is a safer method to obtain mature oocytes for fertilization and the various studies that have been carried out in this area are reviewed in this paper.
Fertility Preservation in Female Cancer Patients: A Review
Journal of Safog With Dvd, 2009
Cancer ART is one of the fast developing subspecialties in the ever expanding field of Assisted Reproductive Techniques. It is well documented that both chemotherapy and radiotherapy can have a deleterious effect on the gonads. Onco-ART targets this unfortunate population and provides a chance to the patient to produce their biological offspring. Cryopreservation of the ovaries is a step towards this goal. A properly preserved ovarian cortex can be later grafted in the body to enhance fertility. Even though this novel technique is still in its infancy stage, it holds a lot of promise that can be favorably explored.
Fertility preservation in women with cancer: update and perspectives
Revista Médica de Minas Gerais, 2013
With the increased number of cancer diagnoses among young women and the advances in treatment, many patients who may have had their fertility compromised by chemotherapy express desire to become pregnant in the future. Freezing embryos for later IVF so as to preserve fertility is a well established process. Oocyte cryopreservation by vitrification has evolved greatly in recent years and is no longer considered experimental. By 2009 more than 900 children were born from cryopreserved oocytes, without increased risk of congenital anomalies. The preventive use of GnRH analogues for ovarian suppression during chemotherapy to avoid premature ovarian failure has uncertain outcomes. Other techniques such as cryopreservation of ovarian tissue for later autograft are still considered experimental. Although use has already been reported in 24 births, doubts still persist and motivate further study. In vitro maturation of ovarian follicles is a promising alternative for preserving patient fertility and has shown positive results in rodents, monkeys, and humans. Caution should be used with experimental techniques, especially when offered to emotionally fragile patients. Therefore it is important to thoroughly convey information on the chances of pregnancy with existing treatments and the limitations of experimental techniques.
Fertility Preservation in Female Cancer Patients
Fertility and Sterility, 2005
With improved survival rates among cancer patients, fertility preservation is now being recognized as an issue of great importance. There are currently several methods of fertility preservation available in female cancer patients and the options and techniques via assisted reproduction and cryopreservation are increasing, but some are still experimental and continues to be evaluated. The established means of preserving fertility include embryo cryopreservation, gonadal shielding during radiation therapy, ovarian transposition, conservative gynecologic surgery such as radical trachelectomy, donor embryos/oocytes, gestational surrogacy, and adoption. The experimental methods include oocyte cryopreservation, ovarian cryopreservation and transplantation, in vitro maturation, and ovarian suppression. With advances in methods for the preservation of fertility, providing information about risk of infertility and possible options of fertility preservation to all young patients with cancer, and discussing future fertility with them should be also considered as one of the important parts of consultation at the time of cancer diagnosis.
Cryopreservation and fertility: current and prospective possibilities for female cancer patients
ISRN obstetrics and gynecology, 2011
With the evolution of the treatment of malignant neoplasms, the survival rates of patients undergoing chemo- or radiotherapy are increasing. The continuous development of techniques of assisted human reproduction has led to important strategies in an attempt to maintain reproductive function in patients subjected to treatment of neoplastic diseases, among them cryopreservation of embryos, gametes, and ovarian cortical tissue. The freezing of ovarian tissue is currently being proposed with the primary purpose of preserving ovarian function in these patients. Currently, the major challenge of groups working with preservation of fertility is the use of cryopreserved ovarian tissue after disease remission. The main alternatives presented today are the implantation of hetero- or orthotopic tissue and isolation of immature follicles from ovarian tissue followed by in vitro maturation and assisted reproduction procedures.
European Journal of Cancer, 2009
Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Infertility Ovary Cryopreservation Tissue banks Transplantation A B S T R A C T Increasing survival rates in young cancer patients, new reproductive techniques and the growing interest in quality of life after gonadotoxic cancer therapies have placed fertility preservation as an important issue to oncologists, fertility specialists and patients. Several techniques are now available for fertility preservation in these patients. A new promising method is cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian cortex. Ovarian tissue can be extracted by laparoscopy without any significant delay of gonadotoxic therapy. The tissue can be cryopreserved by specialised centres of reproductive medicine and transplanted in case the women experience premature ovarian failure (POF).