Materials for solid-state gas sensors (original) (raw)

Abstract

The major problems in the development of inorganic gas-sensor materials are discussed. The general principle of semiconductor gas sensors is considered, and the band-structure parameters sensitive to the gas-phase composition are determined. Ways of improving sensor selectivity are examined. The composition, microstructure, and gas sensitivity of nanocrystalline SnO 2 and ZnO are investigated. The dopant content and grain size of Ni-doped SnO 2 are optimized for H2S detection. The prospects of employing systems of two or more nanocrystalline oxides (nanocomposites) for gas detection are discussed.

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