Innovative hybrid cycle solid oxide fuel cell-inverted gas turbine with CO 2 separation (original) (raw)
AI-generated Abstract
The rising demand for electrical power and the necessity to decrease fossil fuel consumption push for development of new power generation systems, with higher efficiencies, and reduced environmental impacts. An attractive way to reach a more rational energy conversion of fossil or biofuels is the decentralized power generation and cogeneration of heat and power. Among major weaknesses of existing small systems at the building level, consisting mainly of internal combustion or Stirling engines, are low electrical efficiency, high maintenance costs, together with noise and vibration. The introduction of mini gas turbines in the range of 40-120 kWel have reduced the three latter problems, however, at an even lower efficiency. Moreover they are not available in the smaller power range typical of many multi-family houses. Molten carbon fuel cells (MCFC) and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are emerging as major candidates to alleviate all the above-mentioned drawbacks. However, the fuel cannot be entirely converted electrochemically in the fuel cell alone and part of it is combusted downstream of the fuel cell with a low energy efficiency. Several existing approaches suggest to further improve the electrical efficiency by combining the fuel cell with other conventional thermal cycles in a hybrid system. The most appropriate integration strategy is defined by the application requirements. Recently Zhang et al. reviewed the available SOFC-based hybrid systems. Due to the high operating temperature and to the use of a gas-based working fluid, the Brayton cycle is a favorable candidate for SOFC integration.
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