A Manual for Referencing Styles in Research (original) (raw)
Referencing has become an integral part of all sorts of academic writing, the major purposes of which are to discourage plagiarism and give credit to the scholars, researchers etc. for their efforts in the growth of knowledge. There are a number of referencing styles used throughout the world, some of which are more common than the others. These styles differ from each other in a lot of ways. I have tried to include the names of all the common and well-known styles with a detailed description of a few more common and widely used styles (Harvard, APA, Vancouver, MLA, Chicago); and brief description of some less commons (ACS, AMA, AGLC, CSE, IEEE). Although, automatic reference generators are now available, nevertheless there is no parallel to manual creation of references for it makes you far more familiar with the format of the style. In your hunt of knowledge you come across with a number of sources that are referenced in quite distinct ways, so it is very important to know which way your source is referenced and how you have to convert it into your desired style. Unless you know about the differences in various styles you cannot perform the task. The present manual has been designed in a way to elaborate the major differences that exist among various types of referencing styles so the conversion from one style to the other becomes easier. The manual begins with the introduction of referencing, defining it, its purposes and various types of styles. Afterwards the manual breaks up into various styles. Each section of the respective style can broadly be broken into four parts: first part carries an introduction of the style describing the origin and usage of style; the second part is about the general principals of the citation style; the third part carries the information on how to deal with varying situations and in the last part general format of referencing for various types of sources is provided. The above division is for the five more common referencing styles, while the five less common styles described in this manual are divided into only two parts: the introduction, and the general principals.
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