Patent statistics in the age of globalisation: new legal procedures, new analytical methods, new economic interpretation (original) (raw)

Patenting Activities and Technological Development in the Global Economy

Včenì zapiski Tavrìjsʹkogo nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu ìmenì V.Ì. Vernadsʹkogo, 2020

доктор економічних наук, доцент, Львівський торговельно-економічний університет Шайда О.Є. кандидат економічних наук, доцент, Національний університет «Львівська політехніка» Степанов А.В. старший викладач, Львівський торговельно-економічний університет PATENTING ACTIVITIES AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY The article is devoted to the study of current trends in patenting activities in the context of global economic processes. The priorities and goals of developing a long-term vision of the development of the countries of the world are considered in the context of the formation of the digital economy. The role of legal protection of intellectual property in achieving high rates of patenting is appraised. Comparative data of world patent ratings are given. The existing problems in the domestic patenting of scientific and technical solutions are highlighted. An econometric model of the dependence of the indicator of the number of patent applications filed with the European Patent Organisation on the percentage of human resources engaged in R&D in the EU has been built. The decisive role of human resources in scientific and technological development and patenting activities is substantiated, which requires a balanced state policy in the direction of improving human capital.

Measuring the globalisation of technology: An approach based on patent data

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2004

This paper presents three new patent-based indicators of internationalization of technology. They measure the extent of international cooperation in research and the international location of research facilities of multinational firms-i.e., cross-border ownership. These indicators are based on triadic patent data (patent families applied in the US, Europe and Japan), and on the patents granted by the USPTO. They witness both an increasing trend towards the globalization of technology and large crosscountry differences in the extent of internationalization. The degree of technological internationalization is higher for small countries and for countries with low technological intensity. Two countries are more likely to collaborate if they are close to each other, if they have a similar technological specialization and if they share a common language.

The internationalisation of technology analysed with patent data

Research Policy, 2001

This paper presents three new patent-based indicators of internationalisation of technology reflecting international co-operation in research and the location of research facilities of multinational firms. They witness both an increasing trend towards the globalisation of technology in the OECD area and large cross-country differences in the extent of internationalisation. An empirical analysis shows that the degree of technological internationalisation is higher for small countries and for countries with low technological intensity. Finally, two countries are more likely to collaborate if they are geographically close to each other, if they have a similar technological specialisation and if they share a common language. Being member of the European Union involves more cross-border ownership but does not entail more research co-operation than it is implied by the above factors. Nordic countries have a particularly high propensity to collaborate together.

The internationalisation of technology analysed through patent data

2001

This paper presents three new patent-based indicators of internationalisation of technology reflecting international cooperation in research and the location of research facilities of multinational firms. They witness both an increasing trend towards the globalisation of technology in the OECD area and large crosscountry differences in the extent of internationalisation. An empirical analysis shows that the degree of technological internationalisation is higher for small countries and for countries with low technological intensity. Finally, two countries are more likely to collaborate if they are geographically close to each other, if they have a similar technological specialisation and if they share a common language. Being member of the European Union involves more cross-border ownership but does not entail more research cooperation than it is implied by the above factors. Nordic countries have a particularly high propensity to collaborate together.

Transnational patents and international markets

Scientometrics, 2009

Patent statistics are a frequently used innovation indicator for the description and analysis of technological strengths and weaknesses, both on the macro and the micro level. Patent data has a broad coverage, high reliability, allows a very differentiated perspective and the data has become easier in availability and accessibility. Especially when cross country comparisons and comparative assessments are intended, a deep knowledge and understanding of patent systems is required. In the 1990s Triadic patents, which were able to balance the home advantage of domestic applicants/inventors. An increasing internationalisation and globalisation makes it also necessary to adapt the patent analyses to this new world order. In this paper the so called Transnational patents are suggested, which allows to grasp the new relations and relative positions between the industrialised, industrialising and emerging countries. The existing concepts are presented and discussed and contrasted against the concept of Transnational Patents.

National Patterns of Technology Accumulation: Use of Patent Statistics

We use US Patent Statistics to depict national patterns of technology accumulation in Japan and EU countries. Two properties of country profiles are confirmed, namely, stability over time with a country and differentiation across countries. The main novelty introduced here is the combined analysis of overall technological advantage, performance in fast growing areas and impact. The results show that in many areas of technology in which EU countries have an overall relative advantage, their performance in the subfields of highest technological opportunity is weak. On the other hand, Japan seems to have a consistent level of performance both in aggregate and in fast growing areas.

An approach based on patent data

2004

This paper presents three new patent-based indicators of internationalization of technology. They measure the extent of international co-operation in research and the international location of research facilities of multinational firms-i.e., cross-border ownership. These indicators are based on triadic patent data (patent families applied in the US, Europe and Japan), and on the patents granted by the USPTO. They witness both an increasing trend towards the globalization of technology and large cross-country differences in the extent of internationalization. The degree of technological internationalization is higher for small countries and for countries with low technological intensity. Two countries are more likely to collaborate if they are close to each other, if they have a similar technological specialization and if they share a common language.

International Patenting, Patent Rights, and Technology Gaps

Review of Economics and Institutions, 2013

International patenting activity is a source of international technology diffusion. However, technology diffuses imperfectly and technology gaps exist between nations. Indeed patenting activity is largely concentrated in developed countries. A gap also exists in patent protection levels across countries, being weak in largely developing countries. Hence this paper studies the extent to which the strengthening and harmonization of patent rights would stimulate international patenting and help narrow technology gaps. International total factor productivity (TFP) differences are used as measures of technology gaps. The paper develops and estimates a model of international patenting and TFP behavior using a panel data set of 44 countries, developed and developing, over the period 1975 -2005. Of these countries, 25 of them will serve as 'source countries' (i.e., the source of technologies). Overall, however, the paper finds that international patent reforms (even those that involve major regime changes) have relatively modest effects on the technology gap between developed and developing nations.