Postoperative nausea and vomiting in korle bu teaching hospital (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Surgery Open, 2020
Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a common complication of anaesthesia and surgery. It is considered the most common cause of morbidity following anaesthesia and has significant effects on patient satisfaction and cost. Despite modern anaesthetic and surgical techniques, the incidence of PONV remains high. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to May 30, 2019. A total of 355 adult elective patients who were operated on this period were included in the study. Results: The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was 17.2% within 24 h after operation. Factors that were associated with postoperative nausea and vomiting were history of motion sickness (AOR ¼ 6.0, CI ¼ 2.51e14.49), previous history of postoperative nausea and vomiting (AOR ¼ 13.55, CI ¼ 6.37e28.81) and long duration of surgery (AOR ¼ 10.1, CI ¼ 3.97e25.92). Conclusion: and recommendations: The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was still high compared with most studies conducted in the world. However, when it compared to the previous study done in the study area, it showed significant reduction in the incidence of PONV by 19%.We suggest that the use of anti-emetic prophylaxis and the introduction of postoperative nausea and vomiting treatment protocols.
Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a common complication of anaesthesia and surgery. Despite modern anaesthetic and surgical techniques, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting remains high. This common complication is unpleasant for patients and delays recovery. Despite the large case load at the University of Gondar Hospital, the magnitude of this problem is not kwon. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of postoperative nausea, and vomiting, and associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 27 to April12, 2012 at the University of Gondar Teaching Hospital. A total of 509 patients who were operated on in this period were included in the study. We used a validated Amharic questionnaire to interview patients 24 hours postoperatively. Results: The prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was 36.2% within 24 hours after operation. Factors that were associated with postoperative nausea were history of motion sickness (AOR=1.77, CI=1.14-2.75), previous history of postoperative nausea and vomiting (AOR=4.26, CI=1.70-10.69) and long duration of anaesthesia (AOR=3.49, CI=1.64-7.43). Factors associated with postoperative vomiting were previous postoperative nausea, vomiting (AOR=3.93, CI=1.70-9.07), major operation (AOR=3.07, CI=1.25-7.55), gynaecology operation (AOR=2.58, CI=1.24-5.39) and long duration of anaesthesia (AOR=3.67, CI=1.73-7.78). Conclusion and recommendations: The prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was high at the University of Gondar teaching hospital compared with most studies conducted in Africa and the rest of the world. We suggest the use of anti-emetic prophylaxis and the introduction of postoperative nausea and vomiting treatment protocols at the University of Gondar teaching hospital.
Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is the most frequent side effect of anesthesia. It affects 20–30% of all post-operative and 70%-80% of higher-risk patients. Consequently, it is one of the most frequently observed adverse events associated with the provision of anesthesia. Thus, this study is aimed to assess the incidence and associated factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using a consecutive sampling method. Regular supervision and follow-up were made. Data was entered into Epi info version 7 software and transported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. The odd ratio and 95% confidence interval were computed. The findings of the study were reported using tables, figures, and narration. Variables that were found to be a candidate (p-value < 0.25) on binary logistic regression were entered into a multiple logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictors of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Res...
Background Post-operative nausea and vomiting is the most frequent side effect of anesthesia. It affects 20 - 30% of all post-operative and 70%-80% high risk patients. Consequently, it is one of the most frequently observed adverse events associated with the provision of anesthesia. Thus this study is aimed to assess the incidence and associated factors of post-operative nausea and vomiting. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using a consecutive sampling method. Regular supervision and follow up were made. Data was entered in to Epi info version 7 software and transported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Odd ratio and 95% confidence interval was computed. The findings of the study were reported using tables, figures and narration. Variables that were found to be candidate (p value < 0.25) on binary logistic regression entered into a multiple logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictors of post-operative nausea and vomiting. Results The results of ...
Post-operative Nausea and Vomiting at Mulago Hospital
Background : Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are among the most common adverse events related to surgery and anaesthesia and despite modern anaesthetic and surgical techniques the incidence of PONV remains at 20-30%. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with postoperative nausea and vomiting. Methods : This was a prospective study. Precoded data were analyzed and for categorical variables data were summarized as proportions and presented using tables, histograms and pie charts. Continuous variables were analyzed by separating means using independent samples T-test. In the univariate analysis, Odds ratio together with 95% confidence interval was calculated to test for the association between the possible risk factors and outcome variables. Multivariate analysis was done using logistic regression model to determine prognostic factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Results : One hundred eighty two patients aged 10 years and above ...
Postoperative Nausea & Vomiting in Malawi
International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2014
Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting are common complications of anaesthesia and surgery. Known risk factors include motion sickness, migraine, gender and types of surgery. Other possible risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting are ethnicity and genetics surgery. Objective: The main objective of the study was to describe factors associated with postoperative nausea and vomiting among adult Malawians. Methods: This was a prospective observational study. 138 adult patients were recruited into the study. Data were collected using a predesigned questionnaire. Patients were followed up to 18 hours postoperatively and any episodes of postoperative nausea and vomiting were noted. Results: A total of 138 patients were enrolled in the study. 78 were female (56.5%) and 60 were males (43.5%). The ages ranged from 18 to 87 years. The mean age was 36.9 years. The overall incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was 29.6%. It was higher among women than men. Patients with motion sickness had the highest incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (78.6%) followed by those with migraine (73.3%). Patients whose intraoperative systolic blood pressure fell <80 mmHg had an incidence of 71.4% and those who received postoperative opioids had an incidence of 37.7%. Conclusions: Patients with a history of migraine, motion sickness, whose intraoperative blood pressures fall below a systolic of 80 mmHg and who receive postoperative opioids are at an increased risk for postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting
Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva, 2009
Postoperative nausea and vomiting are common and can be prevented. Complications of this condition cause higher rates of morbidity and mortality. A review of literature was carried out on MEDLINE, with focus on controlled clinical trials. Pathophysiology is complex, with many afferent and efferent pathways, and its comprehension facilitate the choice of medication. Risk factors are presented, with a stratified score of chance to develop postoperative nausea and vomiting. An algorithm for identification of higher risk patients was elaborated and classified the level of prevention/treatment recommended to avoid excessive use of drugs and their side effects. Postoperative nausea and vomiting must be prevented, because of the involved complications and discomfort for patients. A systematic approach with analysis of preoperative risk factors and prescription of medication can be effective for prevention.
[Postoperative nausea and vomiting: a review of the 'minor-major' problem.]
Revista Brasileira De Anestesiologia, 2005
Apesar da investigação contínua e do desenvolvimento de novos fármacos e técnicas, as náuseas e vômitos no pós-operatório (NVPO) são freqüentes e podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de complicações com conseqüente aumento dos custos hospitalares e dos recursos humanos. Os objetivos deste artigo são a revisão dos mecanismos fisiológicos, dos fatores de risco e das medidas terapêuticas disponíveis para o manuseio de NVPO. CONTEÚDO: Várias são as estratégias de manuseio de NVPO sugeridas neste artigo, destacando-se, no entanto, as linhas de orientação emitidas por Gan em 2003. Estas constituem a contribuição mais recente para a estratificação de risco, prevenção e tratamento dos pacientes com NVPO. CONCLUSÕES: Embora o manuseio de NVPO tenha m e l h o r a d o n o s ú l t i m o s a n o s , e s t e s a i n d a o c o r r e m freqüentemente em grupos de risco elevado. A estratégia atual para a prevenção e manuseio de NVPO permanece por estabelecer e as linhas de orientação de Gan deverão ser adaptadas a cada população de pacientes e à instituição hospitalar.
Some Considerations about Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2022
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are disturbing and show adverse events in anesthesia and surgery. These effects prolong recovery time, delay patient discharge, and increase hospital costs. PONV is one of the 2 main disadvantages of general anesthesia after the surgery in the first 24 hours. The origin of postoperative nausea and vomiting after surgery performed under general anesthesia is not entirely clear, but it is probably multifactorial. PONV is influenced by the patient's own factors (age, gender, obesity, diabetes, pregnancy), preoperative (premedication, anxiety, diet), intraoperative (anesthetics, intubation, aerophagia, intraoperative dehydration, high doses of neostigmine, use of N2O, time of surgery) and using of opiates. The effectiveness of various antiemetics has been studied for the prevention and treatment of PONV in surgical patients. Glucocorticoids are well known for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulating, and antiemetic effects. Ondansetron is the most prophylactic serotonin subtype 3 antagonists in our daily clinical practice for the prevention of PONV after surgery.