Experimental Investigation of Cooling of Electronic Equipment (original) (raw)
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Volume 2: Theory and Fundamental Research; Aerospace Heat Transfer; Gas Turbine Heat Transfer; Computational Heat Transfer, 2009
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In an effort to increase processor speeds, 3D IC architecture is being aggressively pursued by researchers and chip manufacturers. This architecture allows extremely high level of integration with enhanced electrical performance and expanded functionality, and facilitates realization of VLSI and ULSI technologies. However, utilizing the third dimension to provide additional device layers poses thermal challenges due to the increased heat dissipation and complex electrical interconnects among different layers. The conflicting needs of the cooling system requiring larger flow passage dimensions to limit the pressure drop, and the IC architecture necessitating short interconnect distances to reduce signal latency warrant paradigm shifts in both of their design approach. Additional considerations include the effects due to temperature non-uniformity, localized hot spots, complex fluidic connections, and mechanical design. This paper reviews the advances in electronic chip cooling in the last decade and provides a vision for code signing integrated cooling systems. For various heat fluxes on each side of a chip acting as discrete heat source, the current single-phase cooling technology is projected to provide adequate cooling, albeit with high pressure drops. Effectively mitigating the high temperatures surrounding local hot spots remains a challenging issue. Various forms of tabulators above the chips, different geometric arrangements of the chips positioned top and bottom wall of the duct serves very well in the heat augmentation technique with better performance.
Improvement vortex cooling capacity by reducing hot tube surface temperature: Experiment
A vortex tube is a cooling device in which an air can be used as a working medium; thus, the vortex cooling system is environmentally friendly. Thermal separation flow studied and preliminary tests suggest that reducing the temperature of an external surface at the hot tube section of the vortex tube could increase the vortex cooling capacity. In this paper, a thermoelectric module is employed to extract heat from the hot tube surface and then release it to environment. In other words, a temperature difference is used to generate power by the thermoelectric generator as thermal energy harvester. A test rig is designed and constructed, in the laboratory, for the experiment on the vortex cooling system incorporating the thermoelectric module. Test parameters are the cold fraction from 0 to 1 and an inlet air pressure of 1.5 bars. The results show that the cooling capacity and efficiency increase when the thermoelectric module is used to extract heat from the hot tube surface of the vortex tube and electricity is generated as by product. The cooling capacity and efficiency of the vortex tube is increased by 4.3 % and 9.6 % respectively.
Turbulence modelling and it's impact on CFD predictions for cooling of electronic components
The Ninth Intersociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena In Electronic Systems (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37543), 2004
This paper will discuss Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) results from an investigation into the accuracy of several turbulence models to predict air cooling for electronic packages and systems. Also new transitional turbulence models will be proposed with emphasis on hybrid techniques that use the ε − k model at an appropriate distance away from the wall and suitable models, with wall functions, near wall regions. A major proportion of heat emitted from electronic packages can be extracted by air cooling. This flow of air throughout an electronic system and the heat extracted is highly dependent on the nature of turbulence present in the flow. The use of CFD for such investigations is fast becoming a powerful and almost essential tool for the design, development and optimization of engineering applications. However turbulence models remain a key issue when tackling such flow phenomena. The reliability of CFD analysis depends heavily on the turbulence model employed together with the wall functions implemented. In order to resolve the abrupt fluctuations experienced by the turbulent energy and other parameters located at near wall regions and shear layers a particularly fine computational mesh is necessary which inevitably increases the computer storage and run-time requirements. The PHYSICA Finite Volume code was used for this investigation. With the exception of the
Experimental Study on the Performance of Vortex Tube Cooling Device on a Cooling Jacket
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2020
A vortex tube is an intriguing simple device which is capable of generating cold and hot streams from a single compressed fluid supply at room temperature. The vortex tube does not require any refrigerants or chemicals to operate which makes it an environmentally friendly device. Still, as a well cooling device, there are fewer or no research works that were conducted on the application of vortex tube. So, the application of vortex tube as a cooling device on a cooling jacket is less explored. Hence, the performance of this application on experimental research is unclear. Therefore, the objectives for this research are to determine the performance of vortex tube as a cooling device on a cooling jacket at different cold mass flow rate and also to determine the performance of vortex tube as a cooling device on a cooling jacket at different inlet pressure. The performance of vortex tube on the cooling jacket is experimented with different cold mass flow rate ranging from 30L/min to 90L...
LES study of the influence of the vortex generators on cooling of surface-mounted cubes
2007 International Conference on Thermal Issues in Emerging Technologies: Theory and Application, 2007
The influence of vortex generators on the enhancement of heat transfer from a wall-mounted cube matrix was investigated by numerical simulation using finitevolume method. The momentum and convective heat transfer equations were discretized and solved using large-eddy simulation. The numerical simulation was performed on a fully developed turbulent flow over one cube mounted in the middle of a cube matrix. Constant heat flux was generated from the cubes. Periodic boundary conditions were applied in both the streamwise and the spanwise directions. In order to study the influence of vortex generator on the flow structures and heat transfer coefficient, the flow and the convective heat transfer equations were solved around two cube configurations: a smooth cube and a cube with vortex generator attached to its surface. The vortex generator used in this investigation is a simple rib attached to the top and the side walls of the cube close to the streamwise edge. The flow Reynolds number based on the bulk velocity and the height of the channel was 13000. Standard Smagorinsky subgrid-scale model was used to model the unresolved scales and heat fluxes. The LES results were compared with the experimental results and good agreement was obtained. Numerical flow visualization was used to provide a better insight into the flow structures and heat transfer coefficient around the cubes. The LES results showed that the flow in the boundary layer around the cube with vortex generator is more turbulent and unsteady than the flow around the smooth cube without the vortex generator. More turbulent structures are generated close to the surface of the cube resulting in a good mixing of heat and hence high heat transfer coefficient. Influence of vortex generators on cooling of surface-mounted cubes H. Hemida and S. Krajnović ThETA01/033
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2015
https://www.ijert.org/an-experimental-study-on-the-effect-of-area-ratio-divergence-angle-and-mach-number-on-thermal-performance-of-vortex-tube https://www.ijert.org/research/an-experimental-study-on-the-effect-of-area-ratio-divergence-angle-and-mach-number-on-thermal-performance-of-vortex-tube-IJERTV4IS070633.pdf The Vortex tube is a non-conventional cooling device which will produce cold air and hot air from the source of compressed air without affecting the environment. When a high pressure air is tangentially injected into vortex chamber a strong vortex flow will be created which will be split into two air streams. It can be used for any type of spot cooling or heating application. Performance of vortex tube depends on geometrical and thermo physical parameters. In this study effect of various geometrical parameters has been investigated experimentally and discussed on the performance of diverging vortex tube when length to diameter ratio is constant. Vortex tube with Divergence angle 2°,3°,4°,and 5°, conical valve angle 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90°, cold end orifice diameter 5mm, 6mm, 7mm have been experimented with inlet pressure 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 bar for optimum cold end temperature difference, COP and efficiency.
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2015
The Vortex tube is a non-conventional cooling device which will produce cold air and hot air from the source of compressed air without affecting the environment. When a high pressure air is tangentially injected into vortex chamber a strong vortex flow will be created which will be split into two air streams. It can be used for any type of spot cooling or heating application. Performance of vortex tube depends on geometrical and thermo physical parameters. In this study effect of various geometrical parameters has been investigated experimentally and discussed on the performance of diverging vortex tube when length to diameter ratio is constant. Vortex tube with Divergence angle 2°,3°,4°,and 5°, conical valve angle 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90°, cold end orifice diameter 5mm, 6mm, 7mm have been experimented with inlet pressure 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 bar for optimum cold end temperature difference, COP and efficiency.
Vortex Tube Performance Study for Forced Cooling Applications
In a field of advanced manufacturing technology heat removal has gained prime concern of researchers. Vortex tube has emerged as simplified, robust and easy manufacturing solution to it. Air cooling phenomenon achieved by Vortex tube has spread its usefulness across prime application. Both conventional as well as non-conventional materials are found useful in manufacturing of vortex tube. Absence of moving parts leads to maintenance free service is an additional advantage. Improved thermal conductivity and cost effectiveness are positive aspects of UPVC vortex tube.