Colour stainability of indirect CAD–CAM processed composites vs. conventionally laboratory processed composites after immersion in staining solutions (original) (raw)
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Effect of staining solutions and repolishing on color stability of direct composites
Journal of Applied Oral Science, 2010
O bjectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the color change of three types of composite resins exposed to coffee and cola drink, and the effect of repolishing on the color stability of these composites after staining. Materials and Methods: Fifteen specimens (15 mm diameter and 2 mm thick) were fabricated from microhybrid (Esthet-X; Dentsply and )LOWHN = 0 (63( DQG KLJKGHQVLW\ K\EULG 6XUH¿O 'HQWVSO\ FRPSRVLWHV DQG ZHUH ¿QLVKHG DQG SROLVKHG ZLWK DOXPLQXP R[LGH GLVFV 6RI/H[ 0 (63( &RORU RI WKH VSHFLPHQV ZDV PHDVXUHG DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH &,( /DE V\VWHP LQ D UHÀHFWLRQ VSHFWURSKRWRPHWHU (PCB 6807; BYK Gardner). After baseline color measurements, 5 specimens of each resin were immersed in different staining solutions for 15 days: G1 -distilled water (control), G2 -coffee, G3 -cola soft drink. Afterwards, new color measurement was performed and the specimens were repolished and submitted to new color reading. Color stability was GHWHUPLQHG E\ WKH GLIIHUHQFH Ʃ( EHWZHHQ WKH FRRUGLQDWHV / D DQG E REWDLQHG IURP the specimens before and after immersion into the solutions and after repolishing. Results: 7KHUH ZDV QR VWDWLVWLFDOO\ VLJQL¿FDQW GLIIHUHQFH 129129129 7XNH\ ¶V WHVW S! DPRQJ WKH ¨( values for the different types of composites after staining or repolishing. For all composite UHVLQV FRIIHH SURPRWHG PRUH FRORU FKDQJH Ʃ(! WKDQ GLVWLOOHG ZDWHU DQG WKH FROD VRIW GULQN $IWHU UHSROLVKLQJ WKH Ʃ( YDOXHV RI WKH VSHFLPHQV LPPHUVHG LQ FRIIHH GHFUHDVHG WR FOLQLFDOO\ DFFHSWDEOH YDOXHV Ʃ( EXW UHPDLQHG VLJQL¿FDQWO\ KLJKHU WKDQ WKRVH RI WKH RWKHU JURXSV &RQFOXVLRQV 1R VLJQL¿FDQW GLIIHUHQFH ZDV IRXQG DPRQJ FRPSRVLWH UHVLQV or between color values before and after repolishing of specimens immersed in distilled water and cola. Immersing specimens in coffee caused greater color change in all types of composite resins tested in this study and repolishing contributed to decrease staining WR FOLQLFDOO\ DFFHSWDEOH Ʃ( YDOXHV
Odontology / the Society of the Nippon Dental University, 2016
To evaluate the stain susceptibility of CAD/CAM blocks and direct composite after long term exposure to various staining agents. 40 disk-shaped samples were fabricated from each of nine materials; six CAD/CAM (Vitablocs Mark II, Paradigm MZ100, Experimental Vita Hybrid Ceramic, Vita Enamic, Experimental Kerr and Lava Ultimate) and three direct composites (Filtek Supreme, Venus Diamond and Filtek Silorane). Samples were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8) according to different staining solutions (distilled water, tea, red wine, coffee and artificial saliva). Initial L*a*b* values were assessed using a calibrated digital spectrophotometer. Specimens were immersed in staining solutions and stored in an incubator at 37 °C for 120 days. L*a*b* values were assessed again and color change (∆E) was calculated as difference between recorded L*a*b* values. ANOVA, and Duncan test were used to identify differences between groups (α = 0.05). Significant differences in ∆E values were detec...
Color stainability of CAD/CAM and nanocomposite resin materials
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 2016
For restoring anterior teeth, laminate veneers are highly esthetic alternatives to complete crowns, requiring either a slight reduction of the natural tooth substance or no preparation. 1 Feldspathic ceramics, 2 highdensity ceramics, 3 and composite resins 4 are generally used to fabricate laminate veneers. Dental porcelain, combining wear resistance, strength, toughness, and excellent esthetics, is considered to be the reference material for prosthetic rehabilitation. 5 Composite resins have been widely used since their introduction because of their ease of handling in the evaluation and luting procedures. 6 A recent innovation in composite resin technology is the application of nanocomposite theories to restorative materials. Contemporary nanocomposite materials deliver increased esthetics, strength, and durability, combining scientific principles for increased longevity. 7 CAD/CAM processed composite resins were developed as alternatives to the ceramic blocks. VITA Enamic CAD/CAM, a hybrid dental ceramic (HC), and Lava Ultimate, a resin nanoceramic (RNC), are 2 commercially available materials for CAD/CAM processing. However, from the material science perspective, these materials are composite resins. VITA Enamic CAD/CAM, an HC with a dual network structure, combines the properties of ceramic and composite materials. 8 Della Bona et al 9 a
Colour changes in Gradia Direct ™ composite after immersion in tea, coffee, red wine, Coca-Cola, Colgate mouthwash, and distilled water were evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA) and the CIELAB colour coordinates. The reflection spectra of the composites were used as input data for the PCA. The output data (scores and loadings) provided information about the magnitude and origin of the surface reflection changes after exposure to the staining solutions. The reflection spectra of the stained samples generally exhibited lower reflection in the blue spectral range, which was manifested in the lower content of the blue shade for the samples. Both analyses demonstrated the high staining abilities of tea, coffee, and red wine, which produced total colour changes of 4.31, 6.61, and 6.22, respectively, according to the CIELAB analysis. PCA revealed subtle changes in the reflection spectra of composites immersed in Coca-Cola, demonstrating Coca-Cola's ability to stain the composite to a small degree. Colour changes in restorative composites upon exposure to simulated oral environments have been the subject of extensive research in recent years. Many materials have been immersed in staining agents, most frequently drinks and mouthwashes, and their colour changes have been quantified and analysed 1–13. Because the colours of materials can be expressed with coordinates in colour spaces (usually in the Commission International de l'Eclairage colour system – CIE or Munsell Colour System), variations in the values of colour coordinates can be considered as quantifiers of the colour changes. For example, the quantifiers in the CIELAB colour space are the differences in the lightness (Δ L*), intensities, and directions of the green-red coordinate (Δ a*) and the blue-yellow coordinate (Δ b*) as well as the total change in colour (Δ E = [(Δ L*) 2 + (Δ a*) 2 + (Δ b*) 2 ] 1/2) and chroma (Δ C = [(Δ a*) 2 + (Δ b*) 2 ] 1/2). The effects of various parameters in a staining process, such as the type and concentration of the agent, the duration of exposure, and the quality of the material surface have been evaluated by descriptive and/or statistical analyses of the colour change quantifiers 14–21. However, it should be noted that the description of optical properties using colour space coordinates is performed after compressing the data, which results in a substantial amount of valuable information about the material's surface being hidden or lost. Consequently, a colour-coordinate–based analysis may lack some information to accurately address and explain a range of staining effects on restorative materials. Considering that staining processes affect the surface reflectance of the material, we believe that an analysis on the staining of dental restorative materials and teeth should focus on changes in surface reflectance after staining. Two issues are key to analysing the surface reflection of materials to characterize staining. First, it is important to conclusively establish whether the reflection is changed after the exposure of the material to staining agents. If the magnitude of the change in reflection is negligible or within the boundaries of
Effect of Staining Solutions on the Colour Stability of Direct Resin Composite
Pakistan Journal of Medical Research, 2012
Background: Resin-based composite dentures or teeth are used as replacement of missing teeth. Their success depends largely on their colour stability as they undergo discoloration after prolonged exposure in oral environment and therefore, need replacement for esthetic reasons. Objectives: To evaluate the colour stability of a nanofill composite resin (Filtek Z350) when exposed to different immersion media. Study design and settings: An in-vitro experimental study was carried out at Dr. Ishrat-ul-ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences and colour testing was done at Al Karam textiles limited. Materials and Methods: Forty resin-based composite specimens measuring 1 mm. of thickness and 5x5 mm. in length and breadth were prepared using a plastic sheet. Specimens were light-cured for 20 seconds from both sides and were randomized into 4 groups (n=10) according to immersion solutions: distilled water (control), coke, turmeric powder solution and coffee solution. Specimens were left immersed in these solutions for 10 days A digital spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the colour changes after 10-days and the colour differences (Δ E) were analyzed using paired t-test (p<0.05). Results: After 10 days of immersion in coffee solution, coke and turmeric powder solution specimens showed significant colour change. The turmeric powder exhibited maximum staining followed by coffee and coke. Conclusions: The composite resin was susceptible to staining by coffee, turmeric powder and coke.
Color and translucency stability of novel restorative CAD/CAM materials
Dental and Medical Problems, 2019
Background. The wide range of restorative materials available for use in the computer-aided design/ computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology requires a better understanding of their esthetic properties. Objectives. The aim of the study was to assess the stability of the color and translucency of different CAD/ CAM restorative materials before and after being subjected to different staining solutions. Material and methods. A total of 160 disc-shaped specimens were prepared from glass ceramic (IPS-e.max ®-CAD and Celtra Duo ®), high-translucency zirconia (Lava TM Plus), resin nanoceramic (Lava TM Ultimate), and hybrid ceramic (VITA ENAMIC ®) CAD/CAM blocks (5 groups, n = 32). The specimen color and translucency parameter (TP) were assessed using a spectrophotometer at baseline and after subjecting the specimens to different staining solutions (coffee, cola, ginger, and water). Changes in color (ΔE) and TP (ΔTP) were calculated. The data was analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey' s post hoc test (p < 0.05). The correlation between ΔE and ΔTP was investigated using Pearson' s correlation coefficient. Results. Staining significantly affected the baseline color of all specimens. Ginger had the most significant effect on Lava Plus (ΔE = 4.01 ±1.2), cola on Celtra Duo (ΔE = 2.29 ±0.25) and coffee on Lava Ultimate (ΔE = 2.59 ±0.17). Generally, IPS-e.max-CAD showed the smallest ΔE. No significant differences in ΔTP were found between different staining solutions. Increased ΔE correlated with decreased translucency for all the tested materials and staining solutions. Conclusions. Staining had a marked effect on the color and translucency of the tested CAD/CAM materials. The color change was staining solution-and material-dependent, with IPS-e.max-CAD showing the greatest color stability.
Staining and aging-dependent changes in color of CAD-CAM materials
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 2020
The development of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technologies has simplified the workflow for fabricating indirect dental restorations. 1 Dentists are adopting a fully digital workflow with 3D digital intraoral scanning for the chairside production of CAD-CAM restorations. This
Journal of Composites Science
The color stability of interim computer-aided design and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials has not been exhaustively investigated. The aim of this study was to compare the translucency (TP) and contrast ratio (CR) of CAD/CAM blocks and conventional interim materials, as well as the effects of varnish application and tooth-brushing on color stability after immersion in different staining solutions. Four hundred and eighty specimens were fabricated with four different interim materials (n = 120) and were divided into three experimental, and one control group (n = 30). The color measurements were taken at the initial time (T0), 24 h (T1), 7 days (T2), and 30 days (T3) after immersion in different solutions. CIEDE2000 (ΔE00) values were analyzed with ANOVA and Fischer’s LSD test with a 95% confidence interval. The relationship between TP and CR was analyzed with a Pearson correlation. All interim materials showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in color change a...
The effect of staining solutions on the color stability of the provisional restorative materials
2018
Objective: To investigate color stability of four provisional restorative materials after immersion in different staining solutions at various immersion time. Materials and methods: Four provisional restorative materials were selected, namely, methacrylate resin (Unifast Trad) and bis-acryl resins (Protemp 4, Luxatemp Fluorescence and Integrity). Twenty-one disc shaped specimens (15 mm diameter, 1 mm thick) were prepared from each provisional restorative materials according to the manufacturer’s instruction. Seven specimens of each material were randomly assigned for immersion in distilled water (control), coffee and curry. All specimens were stored in the solutions at 37°C. According to CIELAB system, the color baseline was measured with the spectrophotometer. The color change (∆E) was measured after immersion for 7, 30 and 90 days. Data were analyzed statistically with two-way repeated analysis of variance and multiple comparisons. Results: Distilled water (control): All provision...