Berón, M., Baffi, E., Molinari, R., Barrientos, G., Aranda, C. y L. Luna 2000. Estructuras Funerarias de Momentos Tardíos en Pampa-Patagonia. El “Chenque” de Lihué Calel. Desde el país de los Gigantes. Perspectivas arqueológicas en Patagonia: 141-159. Río Gallegos. (original) (raw)
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… en el umbral del 3º milenio, 2002
Recent developments in the research of a complex mortuary feature called Sitio Chenque I will be evaluated. It is located within the limits of the Lihué Calel National Park (La Pampa province, Argentina). The site is composed by, at least, two different Units, Superior and Inferior, in which the human remains have different characteristics. The radiocarbon chronology suggests that this referential burial structure was used during a long span within the Late Holocene. The research is developed by an interdisciplinary team. Subjects, such as treatment of the biological and cultural remains, the Cultural Resource Management in a protected area and the last destiny of the recovered evidence are considered. New information about all these subjects are shown here.
Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal caracterizar el registro bioarqueológico y el contexto (estratigrafía y cronología) de cuatro nuevos sitios arqueológicos localizados en el área de transición pampeano-patagónica oriental adscritos al Holoceno Medio y Tardío inicial (ca. 6.000-1.000 años AP). Se propone evaluar y discutir las variaciones en las prácticas mortuorias y en el uso del espacio (costa-interior) por parte de grupos cazadores-recolectores. Se presentan los resultados de las modalidades de entierro, análisis cuantitativos, tafonómicos, y sexo-etarios. En los sitios localizados en el interior los restos están muy fragmentados y afectados por importantes factores tafonómicos (e.g., meteorización, abrasión sedimentaria), mientras que en el sector costero, la completitud anatómica es mayor, y los resultados tafonómicos indican estabilidad en la historia depositacional. La modalidad de entierro en los sitios costeros durante el Holoceno Medio habría sido primaria, en tanto ésta no pudo ser determinada en el interior. Por su parte, para el Holoceno Tardío inicial, mientras en la costa se registraron inhumaciones primarias, en el interior se observaron modalidades secundarias. La cronología obtenida indica la reocupación sistemática durante el Holoceno Medio y Tardío inicial tanto de los sectores costeros como interiores. Finalmente, los resultados se integran con la información cronológica obtenida sobre restos óseos humanos y las modalidades de entierro definidas para el sudeste Pampeano y Norpatagonia con el fin de discutir la contribución del caso de estudio a la bioarqueología de dichas regiones. The purpose of this work is to characterize the bioarchaeological record and the contexts (stratigraphy and chronology) of recently recorded Middle and initial Late Holocene archaeological sites located in the eastern Pampa-Patagonia transition. The aims are to evaluate and discuss the variations in mortuary practices and in the use of space (coast-inland) by hunter-gatherers during ca. 6,000-1,000 years BP. Quantitative, taphonomic, sex and age-at-death as well as burial modalities data are presented. The obtained chronology indicates systematic reoccupation during the Middle and initial Late Holocene of coastal and inland sectors. While in inland sites human bone remains are highly fragmented and affected by important post-depositional factors (e.g., weathering, abrasion), in the coastal sector anatomical integrity is greater and taphonomy indicates stability in the depositional history. During the Middle Holocene, while burial modality at coastal sites would have been primary, it could not be determined in inland sectors. For the initial Late Holocene, while on the Atlantic coast primary burials were recorded, secondary modalities were detected in inland sectors. Finally, the results are integrated with the chronological information obtained on human skeletal remains and burial modalities defined for Southeastern Pampa and Northpatagonia in order to discuss the contribution of the case study presented here to the bioarchaeology of these regions.
THIS PAPER PRESENTS THE FIRST RESULTS OBTAINED ON BIOARCHAEOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL EVIDENCE RECOVERED AT MÉDANO LA ENRIQUETA I SITE (MLE-I). THIS SITE IS AN IMPORTANT CASE OF HUMAN PREHISPANIC OCCUPATION OF THE SOUTHERN AREA OF CALEU-CALEU DEPARTMENT. THE DATA OBTAINED FROM THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DIFFERENT LINES OF ANALYSIS ARE DISCUSSED AND INTEGRATED WITH PREVIOUS RESEARCH DEVELOPED IN NORTHERN PATAGONIA AND SOUTHERN LA PAMPA PROVINCE. MLE-I IS LOCATED ON AN ACTIVE DUNE, IN WHICH THREE HOLLOWS, PROBABLY RELATED WITH THE DIFFERENTIAL USE OF SPACE BY PREHISPANIC HUNTER-GATHERERS SOCIETIES, WERE FOUND. HUMAN REMAINS WERE RECOVERED FROM ONE OF THESE HOLLOWS, WHILE IN THE OTHER THE CULTURAL RECORD IS A CONSEQUENCE OF OTHER HUMAN ACTIVITIES. FROM THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS IT WAS POSSIBLE TO ESTIMATE A MNI OF NINE. TWO SKULLS WITH INTENTIONAL DEFORMATION (TABULAR ERECT TYPE, PLANOLAMBDIC VARIANT) WERE EXCAVATED, WHOSE RADIOCARBON CHRONOLOGY, ASSIGNED TO THE FINAL LATE HOLOCENE (1005 ± 25 YEARS BP; UGAMS 4418), AGREES WITH OTHER CASES KNOWN IN THE AREA. FINALLY, A REMARKABLE VARIABILITY OF CULTURAL REMAINS MAINLY REPRESENTED BY LITHIC ARTIFACTS, POTTERY FRAGMENTS AND MALACOLOGICAL BEADS (CHAQUIRAS), WERE RECOVERED.
Chungara, 2022
Las lesiones periapicales (LP) constituyen un conjunto de patologías pulpo-dentales destructivas de naturaleza infecciosa, que causan daños en el extremo radicular de las piezas dentales. La información sobre los procesos infecciosos de la cavidad bucal que afectaron a las poblaciones humanas de Patagonia Austral es limitada. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar el impacto de las LP en una muestra de restos humanos de cazadores-recolectores del Holoceno Tardío de Patagonia Austral, utilizando metodologías y diagnósticos actuales. La muestra incluye 38 cráneos de individuos adultos y subadultos de ambos sexos, de la cual se calcularon las prevalencias de las LP, clasificadas en granulomas, quistes y abscesos crónicos, según el sexo, la edad y la subregión de procedencia. Solo los individuos adultos registraron LP, con una prevalencia de 43,3% (13/30), más frecuente en adultos medios (58,3%) y sin diferencias entre sexos. Se distinguieron 27 LP, de las cuales los quistes fueron los más frecuentes (26,6%). Los análisis estadísticos mostraron bajas correlaciones entre las LP y la intensidad del desgaste dental, las prevalencias de caries y la cantidad de dientes perdidos antemortem, aunque no se descarta completamente su posible vínculo. Finalmente, las prevalencias de LP fueron similares a lo observado previamente por otros autores para grupos cazadores-recolectores, sin mostrar diferencias entre economía marina y terrestre. Palabras claves: alvéolo, infección dental, cazadores-recolectores, granuloma, quiste, absceso crónico. Periapical lesions (PL) are a set of destructive dental pulp pathologies, infectious in nature, that affects the root end of the teeth. Information about the infectious processes of the oral cavity and how it affected ancient human populations from Southern Patagonia is limited. For this reason, the aim of the research is to evaluate the impact of PL in skeletal remains of Southern Patagonian hunter-gatherers from the Late Holocene, using current diagnostic methodologies. The sample includes 38 adult and non-adult skulls of both sexes. The lesions were classified into granulomas, cysts, and chronic abscesses, while frequencies were calculated according to sex, age, and the skeleton's provenance. PL were only recorded in adult individuals (43.3%; 13/30), more frequently in middle-aged adults (58.3%), and without differences between sexes. Twenty-seven PL were identified, of which cysts were the most frequent (26.6%). Correlation analysis indicated a low association between PL and dental wear, caries, and antemortem dental lost, although its association cannot be completely rejected. Finally, the prevalence of PL was similar to what was previously seen in hunter-gatherer groups by other authors, without differences between terrestrial and marine lifestyles.