Nanofibers From Natural and Inorganic Polymers Via Electrospinning (original) (raw)
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Comparative Analysis of Various Electrospinning Methods of Nanofibre Formation
fibtex.lodz.pl
In general, nanofibres can be formed using the electrospinning technique, which has been known for a long time in literature. However, there are still some problems related to this technique such as low production rate, capillary clogging, etc. In recent years, several new electrospinning methods have been developed to solve such problems. The main aim of this paper is to present the possibility of nanofibre formation by three various electrospinning methods. In this study nanofibres were produced from PAN/DMSO solution using three different electrospinning methods: a conventional method with one capillary, Jirsak's method and Yarin & Zussman's method. The properties of these nanofibres as well as the processing conditions were compared. It was observed that using the last two methods it is possible to increase the production rate because of the multiple jets. In the conventional method a single capillary should be replaced by a spinning head system with many capillaries. Using Jirsak's method, the nanofibre diameter decreases and a higher amount of fibre is obtained by increasing the rotary speed of the cylinder. Production at 10 wt % polymer concentration by Yarin & Zussman's method leads to much finer fibres than by other methods.
Electrospinning: A study in the formation of nanofibers
The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago
Electrospinning is a technique to produce nanofibers more efficiently. In electrospinning, electricity spins fibers by extracting the polymer from the solvent and stretching it, all in one continuous electric field. Basics of electrospinning are discussed in sequence from simple homogenous fibers through a single nozzle to heterogeneous core-shell fibers from double, concentric nozzles. Experimental set-up is described and the effect of different variables in the process of electrospinning on nanofiber quality is illustrated. Formation of carbon nanotube fibers with porous walls from polyethylene oxide/polyacrylnitrile (PEO/PAN) core-shell fibers is the definitive objective.Zipped LaTex file
Nanofiber Bundles and Yarns Production by Electrospinning: A Review
Advances in Polymer Technology, 2013
Electrospinning is a versatile method for spinning various polymers into nanoscale fibers. Nanofibers produced by electrospinning or other methods show enhanced properties such as high surface area to volume ratio, flexibility in surface functionalities, and mechanical properties. To increase their practical usage and opening new windows for their innovative applications, theses nanofibers can be assembled into an ordered structure like yarn. Besides their intrinsic-based polymer characteristics, these nanofiber yarns have an exceptional high specific surface area as a heritage of their forming nanofibers. This unique property together with the increased number of fibers in an unit area of cross section will improve their some properties such as water and chemical absorbency and flexibility in comparison with conventional yarns. So far, miscellaneous methods are established for fabricating electrospun nanofibers into yarn and the effects of processing factors on the characteristics of produced nanofiber yarns are studied by many researchers. In this review, the achievements in nanofibers bundles and yarn production and different established methods including twisted, hybrid, and core types are discussed. It also reviews the reinforced yarns by carbon nanotubes and the mechanical properties of nanoyarns.
Nanotechnology is the study and development of materials at nano levels. It is one of the rapidly growing scientific disciplines due to its enormous potential in creating novel materials that have advanced applications. This technology has tremendously impacted many different science and engineering disciplines, such as electronics, materials science, and polymer engineering. Nanofibers, due to their high surface area and porosity, find applications as filter medium, adsorption layers in protective clothing, etc. Electrospinning has been found to be a viable technique to produce nanofibers. An in-depth review of research activities on the development of nanofibers, fundamental understanding of the electrospinning process, and properties of nanostructured fibrous materials and their applications is provided in this article. A detailed account on the type of fibers that have been electrospun and their characteristics is also elaborated. It is hoped that the overview article will serve as a good reference tool for nanoscience researchers in fibers, textiles, and polymer fields. Furthermore, this article will help with the planning of future research activities and better understanding of nanofiber characteristics and their applications.
international journal of engineering trends and technology, 2021
The ongoing improvements in innovation are to plan and make compact size gadgets with increment in productivity, less energy utilization, and viability. Manufacturing nanofibers of various polymer solutions and their expanding use in a wide scope of uses is coordinating towards this. Out of nanofibers' various manufacturing techniques; Electro-spinning is a basic, more beneficial, and ease technique. Nanofibers created by the Electrospinning process are generally utilized in filtration, creating high conductivity materials, in medication conveyance, malignancy treatment, and so forth where explicit attributes are required. For development in these zones, nanofibers must be appropriately intended for these applications to forestall disappointment. Electrospinning is a process by which polymer nanofibers (with breadth lower than 100nm and stretches up to km) can be made utilizing an electrostatically determined stream of the polymer solution. Here the impacts of both polymer solut...
In this study, silk nanofibre sheets were prepared by a needleless electrospinning from silk fibroin in a mixture of formic acid and calcium chloride. The influences of the concentration of calcium chloride on the properties of spinning solution, morphology of the silk electrospun fibres and the spinning performance of the spinning process were examined. The results show that calcium chloride can improve the solubility of silk fibroin in formic acid. The morphology of electrospun fibres was characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), which indicates that the morphology of obtained fibres was influenced by the weight ratio of silk fibre to calcium chloride in the spinning solution. It was observed that the concentration of calcium chloride in the spinning solution influenced the diameter of the silk electrospun fibres, with an increase in the concentration of calcium chloride increasing the diameters of the electrospun fibres. The silk nanofibres had diameters ranging from 440 to 1900 nm. However, increasing the concentration of calcium chloride in the spinning solution had a less influence on the spinning performance of electrospinning process.
Industria Textila
In this study, it was aimed to produce nanofibers from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer using natural solvents such as rose water, rose extract and mate plant extract by the environmentally friendly electrospinning or green electrospinning technique in other words and it was also aimed to investigate the morphological properties of produced nanofibers. For this purpose, nanofibers having 7 different morphologies were produced from 4% PVA aqueous solutions. The morphologies of the produced nanofibers were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As a result of these analyses, it was observed that uniform nanofiber morphology was formed in nanofiber productions made with distilled water, while in the others, dense bead structure was formed at low voltages and nanofiber morphology with reduced bead amount at high voltages was observed. In all electrospinning experiments, it was observed that the nanofibers were randomly collected on the collector plate. It was observed that the n...
This paper highlights about the use of a very simple and inexpensive device for the production of nanofiber and its application in different biomedical areas. There are several literatures that explain the different methods for preparing as spun nanofibers but they are very time consuming and difficult in reproducing results unlike the robust electrospinning device discussed in this paper. Though easier to use, this methodology has still a lot of challenges that should be addressed in the upcoming researches. This paper briefly summarizes few challenges and application areas that require utmost attention to excel in the field of nanotechnology. Despite several application areas where the technique of electrospinning can be deployed in the fabrication of nanofibers, we have mainly emphasized energy related devices in the field of nanoelectronics.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2016
Electrospinning was employed to obtain chitosan nanofibers from blends of chitosans (CS) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). Blends of chitosan (M W (weight-average molecular weight) = 102 kg/mol) and PEO (M (molecular weight) = 1000 kg/mol) were selected to optimize the electrospinning process parameters. The PEO powder was solubilized into chitosan solution at different weight ratios in 0.5 M acetic acid. The physicochemical changes of the nanofibers were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), swelling capacity, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. For stabilization, the produced nanofibers were neutralized with K 2 CO 3 in water or 70% ethanol/30% water as solvent. Subsequently, repeated washings with pure water were performed to extract PEO, potassium acetate and carbonate salts formed in the course of chitosan nanofiber purification. The increase of PEO content in the blend from 20 to 40 w% exhibited bead-free fibers with average diameters 85 ± 19 and 147 ± 28 nm, respectively. Their NMR analysis proved that PEO and the salts were nearly completely removed from the nanostructure of chitosan, demonstrating that the adopted strategy is successful for producing pure chitosan nanofibers. In addition, the nanofibers obtained after neutralization in ethanol-aqueous solution has better structural stability, at least for six months in aqueous solutions (phosphate buffer (PBS) or water).