Aereofotogrammetria da drone e modelli tridimensionali per la ricerca archeologica. L’esperienza del Laboratorio di archeologia immersiva e multimedia nella Necropoli di Porta Nocera (Pompei) (original) (raw)
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The Porta Nocera 2 program aims to study the process of establishing and developing a Roman urban necropolis from a road network, which is an essential setting in the expression of death in the Roman time. As such, the necropolis of Porta Nocera essentially excavated between 1952 and 1958 and then in 1983 offers a privileged field study. Indeed, monuments and funerary enclosures with burial structures (graves, cremation areas) built along the road to Nocera are well preserved and allow to observe funerary practices on a relatively short time, about 160 years, since we can assume that the necropolis has been founded with the colony in 80 BC. It is then the necessity to organize a burial area according to Roman customs, which is at the origin a new landscape development until then essentially marked by the presence of the urban wall.
Campagna 2017 - La necropoli romana di Porta Nocera a Pompei
Begun in 2014, the new program of research on the necropolis of Porta Nocera aimed first at the understanding and characterization of the processes involved in the foundation of a funerary landscape on the edges of the colony, between its foundation and the eruption of AD 79, in particular the implication of the public authorities in the planning and management of the funerary area. Then, after a few generations, it was necessary to define the different enclosures and funerary structures (and their relative chronologies) and to recognize the traditions of families or groups in the organization of the tombs and the exercise of ritual sequences. Finally, the exceptional state of conservation of the funerary complexes allowed us to study closely the three major steps in the rituals of death that are cremation, deposition in the tomb, and commemoration of the dead. It is by now possible to associate very precise gestures to each of these steps: their compilation will allow us to propose a precise form of hermeneutics founded on close-reading of the terrain. In this context, the program has a strong methodological orientation, both in the excavation itself – in the creation of specific protocols for the documentation of acts and gestures – and in the laboratory, with the study of burned bones and of the objects used in the ritual sequences. The richness of what we have observed permits us to propose new and important results on the structure of the rites used in the enclsures as well as on the elaboration and transmission of funerary customs in the bosom of a Roman community in Italy. How were the rituals organised and transmited from one generation to another? How was the collective otherness of death constructed at Pompeii? And to what degree did the practices follow Roman tradition? A documentation as exhaustive as possible of all traces left by the Pompeians of their activities in the necropolis allows us to distinguish between the intentional and the accidental to reconstruct the contents of local funerary practice. The methodological investment and the results obtained fully justify the organization of an archaeological formation designed for doctoral students and professionals , which concerns not only the excavation of funerary structures but also the specific study of cremations. During the 2017 campagne, a course directed by one of us (H.D.) brought together eight people to study the burned bones from our previous excavations, with a research specifically oriented towards finding joins between different contexts, either functional of stratigraphic.
Institutions : Programme de recherche de l’École française de Rome en collaboration avec l’université de Lille 3 (Centre de recherches Halma), la société archéologique Éveha International et la Soprintendenza archeologica di Pompei, avec la participation du laboratoire d’anthropologie de Bordeaux, la société Archeodunum et le programme AGRUMED Notes de la rédaction Rédacteur de la chronique : Thomas Creissen avec la collaboration de William Van Andringa Auteurs du rapport : Marie-Josée Ancel (Archeodunum), Hélène Barrand Emam (Antea), Philippe Brunner, Cécilia Cammas (Inrap), Marianna Castiglione (Scuola Normale, Pisa), Marie-Caroline Charbonnier (Inrap), Carole Chevalier, Thomas Creissen (Éveha international), Franck Decanter (Inrap), Henri Duday (CNRS, Université de Bordeaux), Johannes Laiho, Tuija Lind, Adrien Malignas (université de Montpellier), MalebogoDob Mvimi, Clarisse Parra-Prieto, Véronique Zech-Matterne (CNRS), Géraldine Sachau-Carcel (université de Bordeaux), William Van Andringa (université de Lille 3).