Mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV infection (original) (raw)
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Mucocutaneous Manifestations of Hiv/Aids and Its Correlation with CD4 Counts
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences
BACKGROUND The study of dermatological manifestations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected individuals/Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome patients is important in view of increasing morbidity and mortality associated with HIV/AIDS in the Indian scenario. This study was undertaken to observe the prevalence of various manifestations of HIV on the mucous membrane, skin and its appendages among HIV/AIDS patients attending the Skin OPD in KLE's Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and MRC, Belgaum and to correlate these dermatological manifestations with their CD4 counts. MATERIALS AND METHODS HIV/AIDS patients attending skin OPD at KLE's Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and MRC, Belgaum, with symptoms and signs of dermatological disease during the period from January 2015 to December 2015 were included. A short questionnaire recording their particulars and a detailed dermatological evaluation of the patient was done. Relevant investigations along with CD4 counts were done in all the cases. RESULTS Present study comprised of 126 HIV patients. Maximum number (42.85%) of patients belonged to the 26-35 years' age group. Male-to-female ratio for the HIV reactive was 2.6:1. Sexual route (77.77%) was the commonest probable route of transmission in the patients. Total of 69 patients (54.76%) out of 126 presented with cutaneous manifestations. Xerosis (46.03%) was the commonest manifestation. Commonest infectious manifestation was oral candidiasis (24 patients, 19.04%). Nail disorders were seen in 27 patients (21.42%). Commonest nail manifestation seen was Onychomycosis (9.52%). Hair disorders were seen in the 55 (43.65%) patients. Dry lustreless hair (41.26%) was the commonest finding. In present study, 34 (26.98%) patients were having STIs. Maximum numbers of cases of Herpes genitalis (5.55%) were seen. In present study 68 patients (53.90%) were in range of CD4+ count of 200-500 followed by 31 patients (24.60%) having CD4+ count less than 200, while 27 patients (21.42%) were found having CD4+ count more than 500. CONCLUSION HIV/AIDS cases are now increasingly being found in dermatological practice. Atypical forms of diseases and manifestations like Herpes zoster, oral candidiasis, Molluscum contagiosum, Kaposi's sarcoma, Oral Hairy Leucoplakia should prompt for HIV/AIDS test of the patient, as they indicate low immunity of the patient. CD4+ count is an effective indicator to assess the immune status of the patient.
Journal of Evolution of medical and Dental Sciences, 2015
BACKGROUND In today's era of HIV pandemic, it is vital for the physician and the dermatologist to be aware of the wide spectrum of cutaneous manifestations of HIV, as they could be one of the earliest indicators of retroviral illness warranting a prompt diagnosis and early initiation of antiretro viral therapy. AIMS To study the mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV and correlate it with CD4 counts. SETTINGS AND DESIGN All the HIV positive patients referred from an HIV physician to a dermatologist for screening of mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV were included for a period of 6 months. MATERIALS AND METHOD The anonymised records of 36 patients were accessed for relevant demographical and dermatological data including details of ART and the CD4 counts within the last 6 months. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED The data was collated on Microsoft Excel 2010 and was analysed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive statistics included frequencies, proportions and Chi sq. test. RESULTS There were 24 males (66.7%) and 12 females (33.3%). The mean CD4 counts were 237cells/mm 3. The common mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV were oral candidiasis (58.3%), seborrhoeic dermatitis (30.6%), generalised xerosis (25%), longitudinal melanonychia and dermatophytosis (16.7%), bacterial infections and brittle nails (13.9%) and onychomycosis (11.1%). The other less common manifestations were pruritic papular eruptions of HIV (8.3%), koilonychia, paronychia, lichen planus, acquired ichthyosis and shiny nails (5.6%). Oral candidiasis was noted to be more common in men than in women. The CD4 counts decreased as the HIV clinical staging increased. CONCLUSIONS Certain dermatoses tend to occur more commonly in an HIV infected patient. The mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV often correlate with the CD4 counts and in a resource limited health setup help to judge the immune status of an HIV patient, prompting early initiation of ART which decrease morbidity and mortality and improve the quality of life of these patients.
The Relationship between Skin manifestations and CD4 counts among HIV positive patients
2008
Objective: Skin manifestations are common clinical features among HIV positive patients. The aim of this study was to document skin manifestations and their relationships with CD4 cell counts among HIV positive patients in Sanandaj. Methodology: This was a descriptive study. The patients were examined for skin disorders by a dermatologist and CD4 counts were obtained from the patient's medical records. Independent samples T test were used for data analysis. Results: In this study 66 (94.3%) patients had at least one skin problem. Fungal infections were the most common cause. The eight most common types of mucocutaneous problems were gingivitis, pallor, itching, photosensitivity, seborrheic dermatitis, candidiasis, folliculitis and tinea versicolor. The most common manifestation was gingivitis. Mean CD4 cell counts were lower in individuals with viral and bacterial skin diseases (P <0.05).
Scientifica
Background. More than 90% of human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected patients show at least one mucocutaneous manifestation during the course of their disease. The frequency, pattern, and associated factors of these complications vary among different populations. Objective. This study was planned to evaluate the frequency of cutaneous presentations in HIV-infected patients and their association with the count of CD4 cells. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on eighty-four HIV-positive patients, who attended the Behavior Consultation Center of Arak University of Medical Sciences. All subjects had a complete physical examination by an expert dermatologist. Further diagnostic procedures were performed, if necessary. Counts of CD4 were determined using flow cytometry. Results. From 84 patients who enrolled in this study, 95.2% manifested at least one type of mucocutaneous lesions. The most common presentation was xerosis, followed by seborrheic dermatitis, herpes simpl...
Cutaneous Manifestations of Hiv-Infection in Relation with CD4 Cell Counts in Hadoti Region
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are frequently associated with mucocutaneous manifestations. However, there is paucity of data on skin disorders and association with CD4 cell counts from India. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the occurrence of mucocutaneous disorders and their relationship with CD4 count. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed at Government Medical College Kota from January 2011 to January 2012. Collected information included demographic data, HIVassociated mucocutaneous disorders, CD4 cell count and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). RESULTS: One hundred cases (male: female, 1.7: 1) were enrolled. The most common mode of HIV transmission was heterosexual (89%), followed by homosexual/bisexual contacts (5%), perinatal (5%) and blood transfusion (1%). The distribution of patients in terms of CD4 cell counts was as follows: 30% with less than 200 × 10 6 /L, 55% with between 200 and 500 × 10 6 /L, and 15% with more than 500× 10 6 /L. Most common skin disorders were fungal infection (46%), followed by bacterial infection (30%), viral infection (26%). Pruritic papular eruption (13%) was most common non infectious dermatoses followed by seborrheic dermatitis (8%). A CD4 cell count of less than 200×10 6 /L was significantly associated with a higher number of mucocutaneous disorders (P = 0.005) and the development of oral candidiasis [P = 0.005] and generalized seborrheic dermatitis (P = 0.005). There was no case of cutaneous malignancy in our study. CONCLUSION: A wide range of mucocutaneous disorders were observed in HIV-infected cases which are the indicator of AIDS and overall survival. A preponderance of infectious and inflammatory dermatoses with an absence of skin tumors characterized this study.
IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, 2023
Background and Aims: HIV patients frequently have mucocutaneous manifestations, which could be the first sign of the infection and can also be prognostic markers for disease progression. This study was done to note the different mucocutaneous manifestations occurring in the people living with HIV/AIDS. Materials and Methods : One hundred ensuent HIV seropositive patients who attended the opd were included in the study. Results: The bulk of the study participants were illiterate, had a mean age of 32, and a male to female ratio of 2:1. The patients' number of manifestations ranged from 01 to 05. The most typical illnesses observed in this investigation were dermatophyte infections followed by oral candidiasis. The most frequent non-infectious symptoms observed in this investigation were SD and PPE. The most prevalent STI was herpes genitalis. Inversely correlated with CD4 level were the type, number, and severity of mucocutaneous symptoms. The number of manifestations and CD4 count were found to be inversely correlated. Conclusion: The majority of PLHAs (55%) exhibited several manifestations. The majority of the manifestations are unusual, persistent, recurrent, and resistant to the therapy. Young patients presenting with extensive SD, PPE, OC, scrofuloderma, and HZ should encourage the clinician to investigate the patient's sero-reactivity status Keywords: Cutaneous manifestations, HIV/AIDS, STI's, CD4 count, MSM, PLHA
A study of Mucocutaneous Manifestations of HIV infections & its relation with CD4 Count
IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology
AIDS was first recognized in the United States in 1981. In 1983, HIV was isolated and by 1984 it was demonstrated clearly to be the causative agent of AIDS. All countries in the world are facing HIV/AIDS occurrence as a major health problem. Dermatological involvement in AIDS has been appreciated since the days the disease was recognized as a cryptic acquired immune deficiency illness in homosexual men and before the causative virus was identified. HIV has been demonstrated in the dermis of infected individuals and may be present in langerhans cells. It is estimated that more than 90% of HIV- infected patients develop skin or mucous membrane disorders at some time during their infection. The knowledge of skin manifestations such as bacillary angiomatosis, Kaposi‘s sarcoma, oral candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia, may provide a clue for diagnosing a previously undetected HIV positive status. CD4 cell count is extremely important in staging of HIV infection and a revised classification...
Cutaneous Manifestations in HIV: A Study of 100 Cases in a Tertiary Hospital
2017
Dermatologic diseases are common in the HIV-infected population. More than 90% of patients develop skin lesions at some time during the disease. In some patients, skin is the first organ affected. This study was conducted in a tertiary hospital for a period of three months from September 2016 to December 2016. Physical examination was performed to identify all possible skin disorders. In cases with doubtful clinical diagnosis of skin disorder, skin biopsies were taken for histopathological examination and also relevant lab tests were performed. Most common HIV-related dermatological manifestations were seborrheic dermatitis (54%), xerosis (49%), pruritic popular eruption(46%), dermatophyte infection (39%), generalized skin hyperpigmentation (26%), scabies (15%), onychomycosis (14%), oral candidiasis (17%) and photo dermatitis (15%)
Frequency of mucocutaneous manifestations in HIV positive patients
2019
Objective To determine the frequency of mucocutaneous manifestations in HIV positive patients. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Outpatient Department of Dermatology and HIV clinic of Services Hospital, Lahore from Jun 10, 2015 to Dec 09, 2015. Total 170 HIV positive patients fulfilling inclusion / exclusion criteria), were assessed on clinical grounds and relevant investigations e.g. KOH preparations, Tzanck smear and histopathology were carried out. These patients were enrolled in the study after taking informed consent. Patient’s biodata, CD4 count and mucocutaneous lesions found were recorded on a predesigned proforma. Results The age ranged between 16 and 60 with a mean of 41.9 ± 8.2 years. There were 113 (66.5%) male patients and 57 (33.5%) female patients. Mucocutaneous manifestations were found in 143 out of 170 (84.1%) patients. Conclusion A high prevalence of dermatological lesions in HIV infected patients was seen in the present study. Mo...