Gamma-aminobutyric acid-immunoreactivity in the rat hippocampus. A light and electron microscopic study with anti-GABA antibodies (original) (raw)
Related papers
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1984
The importance of nerve growth factor (NGF) for the development of sensory ganglia was investigated by injecting rat fetuses (16.50 days of gestation) with a single dose of anti-NGF antiserum. Four months later the treated animals showed a very large decrease in substance P-and somatostatin-like immunoreactivities in dorsal root ganglia and skin with a lesser decrease in trigeminal ganglia. Fluoride-resistant acid phosphatase, substance P-, and somatostatin-like immunoreactivities were greatly decreased in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. No change in neurotensin-and [Metlenkephalin-like immunoreactivities was observed. The anti-NGF antiserum treatment produced a >90% decrease in the number of unmyelinated dorsal root fibers and a 35% decrease in the total number of myelinated fibers. The loss in myelinated fibers was restricted to small-diameter fibers with no change in large-diameter fibers. No change in taste bud morphology was noted, thereby refuting the proposal that anti-NGF antiserum treatment may represent an animal model for familial dysautonomia. The present results indicate that NGF is a necessary requirement for the normal development of a significant population of prenatal rat dorsal root ganglion cells.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 1992
In vivo treatment of developing chick embryos with acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (aFGF and bFGF) failed to affect the differentiation and survival of several populations of developing neurons in the CNS and PNS. All of the neuronal populations examined are known to undergo naturally occurring cell death, and they include spinal and cranial motoneurons, dorsal root ganglia, sympathetic ganglia, nodose ganglia, ciliary ganglia, and sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the PNS, as well as the accessory oculomotor nucleus, the isthmo-optic nucleus, and the brainstem auditory nuclei laminaris and magnocellularis in the CNS. Despite the lack of effect of bFGF on neuronal survival and differentiation, in vivo treatment increased the serum levels of bFGF and stimulated the proliferation of non-neuronal cells in the spinal cord. Therefore, although the administration of exogenous FGF to the developing chick embryo in vivo clearly has some biological activity in the CNS, it was n...
Effects of basic fibroblast growth factor on the development of GABAergic neurons in culture
Neuroscience, 1991
Six-day-old neuronal cultures derived from 14-day-old embryonic rat cerebral hemispheres were highly enriched in GABAergic neurons, as was demonstrated by immunocytochemistry using an anti-glutamate decarboxylase antiserum. They contained about 64% glutamate decarboxylase-positive neurons. About 8% of these neurons proliferated, as shown by a combination of glutamate decarboxylase immunocytochemistry and [3H]thymidine incorporation into cell nuclei. The proliferative activity of GABAergic precursor cells and changes in the cellular concentrations of the non-essential amino acids, including GABA under the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor were studied. When basic fibroblast growth factor was added to the cultures 4 h after seeding, the proliferation of the GABAergic neurons was stimulated about threefold. Under this culture condition, the concentration per cell of all amino acids increased, except those of GABA and fl-alanine. When basic fibroblast growth factor was added to cultures only on day four, the proliferation of the neuronal cells was no more enhanced. Under this condition of treatment, the concentrations of all non-essential amino acids, including those of GABA and fl-alanine were enhanced. Under both basic fibroblast growth factor treatments the concentration of GABA per GABAergic cell was increased. In contrast, the specific activity of glutamate decarboxylase was not stimulated under these conditions. We hypothesize that under the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor the capabilities of the cells to store GABA are improved.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 1993
Vertebrate sensory neurons have a pseudo-unipolar morphology; their somata are covered by satellite cells and lack dendrites or synaptic contacts. However, when neonatal rat sensory neurons from the nodose ganglia develop in culture in absence of satellite cells and with NGF, they form synapses among themselves. In this study, we investigated whether neonatal rat nodose neurons express dendrites under the same culture conditions. We show by Lucifer yellow injection that nodose neurons remain typically unipolar when cocultured with their ganglionic satellite cells. However, when these neurons are cultured without satellite cells, virtually all neurons acquire a multipolar morphology. Moreover, when NGF is added to satellite cell-free cultures, several neurons extend dendrites; these processes stain positively for microtubule-associated protein-2. NGF induces a 17-fold increase in dendritic outgrowth after 3 weeks but has little effect on axon number. In addition, we find that the abi...
Neurofilament immunoreactivity in developing rat autonomic and sensory ganglia
International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience, 1985
Immunoreactivity to neurofilament (NF) antiserum appears early in the development of both the central and peripheral nervous systems of the rat fetus. In 10 somite embryos, positive cell bodies are present in the ventromedial part of anterior rhombencephalic and mesencephalic neural tube. From there the appearance of immunoreactivity spreads cranially to the prosencephalic anlage before closure of the anterior neuropore and caudally following the sequence of neural tube closure. Immunoreactivity increases rapidly in axon bundles of central and peripheral systems, but in immature cell bodies of sensory ganglia the NF material only forms a ring around the nucleus. At 16 days of gestation, some cell bodies are progressively loaded with NF-immunoreactive material as a thick perinuclear network first and then in more excentrically located aggregates. This category of neurons is mainly observed in the distal part of the trigeminal ganglion, in petrous and nodose ganglia and in cervical do...
Developmental Brain Research, 1988
Basic and acidic fibroblast growth factors (bFGF, aFGF) increase the survival of fetal hippocampal pyramidal neurons in serumfree cultures, bFGF is also a mitogen for astrocytes either in highly purified glial cultures or as a contaminant in neuronal cultures. The possibility that bFGF enhances neuronal survival indirectly through stimulating glial proliferation is unlikely. In the presence of 1 ng/ml bFGF, the total number of contaminating astrocytes (as defined by immunohistochemical staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)) was increased to 4.3% vs 0.9% in control hippocampal cultures, aFGF did not significantly increase astrocyte number while supporting neuronal survival. Two other agents which stimulated equal or greater astrocytic proliferation, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 10% serum, did not support neurons, and bFGF still significantly increased neuronal survival in their presence. When glial proliferation was inhibited by aphidicolin, contamination decreased to 0.1% in controls and 1.0% with 1 ng/ml bFGF, yet the neurons remained responsive to FGF. Cultures lacking any detectable GFAP-positive cells were identified, and even in the absence of glial cells, aFGF and bFGF increased neuronal survival. Because there is no significant correlation between the neuronal response and astrocyte number, it appears that bFGF and aFGF can directly support neuronal survival.
Differential effects of pro-BDNF on sensory neurons after sciatic nerve transection in neonatal rats
European Journal of Neuroscience, 2008
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a critical role in the development of the central and peripheral nervous systems, and also in neuronal survival after injury. The actions of BDNF are mediated by its high-affinity receptors TrkB and p75NTR. Recent studies have shown that proneurotrophins bind p75NTR and sortilin with high affinity, and trigger apoptosis of neurons in vitro. As proneurotrophins are a dominant form of gene products in developing and adult animals, it is imperative to understand their physiological functions in animals. Here, we showed differential roles of proBDNF in injured and uninjured sensory neurons. proBDNF, p75NTR and sortilin are highly expressed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. Recombinant proBDNF induced a dosedependent death of PC12 cells and the death activity was completely abolished in the presence of antibodies against the prodomain of BDNF. The exogenous proBDNF enhanced the death of axotomized sensory neurons and the neutralizing antibodies to the prodomain or exogenous sortilin-extracellular domain-Fc fusion molecule reduced the death of axotomized sensory neurons. Interestingly, the treatment of neutralizing antibody in vivo increased the number of sensory neurons in the contralateral DRG. We conclude that proBDNF may induce the death of axotomized sensory neurons and suppress neuronal addition in the intact DRG in neonatal rats, and the suppression of endogenous proBDNF may protect neurons after neurotrauma.