Testing measurement invariance using multigroup CFA: differences between educational groups in human values measurement (original) (raw)

This article applies the testing procedures for measurement invariance using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA). It illustrates these procedures by investigating the factorial structure and invariance of the Portraits Value Questionnaire (PVQ, Schwartz et al., 2001) across three education groups in a population sample (N = 1,677). The PVQ measures ten basic values that Schwartz postulates to comprehensively describe the human values recognized in all societies (achievement, hedonism, self-direction, benevolence, conformity, security, stimulation, power, tradition and universalism). We also estimate and compare the latent means of the three education groups. The analyses show partial invariance for most of the ten values and parameters. As expected, the latent means show that less educated respondents attribute more importance to security, tradition, and conformity values.

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