1990 On Indo-Europeanization (original) (raw)
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SCIENTIFIC CULTURE, 2022
This interdisciplinary study allowed me to establish, on the basis of linguistic, genetic, archaeological, historical and religious data, that linguistic concordances between Gaulish and Slavic were linked with Neolithic migrations from NorthWestern India and Pakistan to Iran, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, the Caucasus, the North of the Black Sea, Danubic and Balkan Europe, Gaul and Iberia, where Neolithic farmers contributed to the formation of the megalithic civilisation which developed in Gaul from 5.000 BC and brought an archaic language stemming from a Trans-Eurasian original language. This explains the linguistic concordances I established between Gaulish and Dravidian languages-250 common words from the 500 words I studied (and 160 with Burushaski), as well as with Altaic, Uralic, Kartvelian, Anatolian and Middle-Eastern languages. This also explains similarities I have found in the organisation of the Society and religion, which lead certain researchers to suggest, on the basis of the spread of the very ancient haplogroup H2 P-96 from India to Western Europe, that first Europeans and proto-Dravidians had an ancient common origin, as the macrohaplogroups F and K, from which stem all European haplogroups, and the haplogroup H could appear in India. Cette étude interdisciplinaire m’a permis de démontrer, sur la base de données linguistiques, génétiques, archéologiques, historiques et religieuses, que les correspondances linguistiques entre le gaulois et le slave étaient liées à des migrations Néolithiques d’Inde et du Pakistan du Nord-Ouest vers l’Iran, la Mésopotamie, l’Anatolie, le Caucase, le Nord de la Mer Noire, l’Europe danubienne et balkanique, la Gaule et l’Ibérie, où les agriculteurs néolithiques ont contribué à former la civilisation mégalithique qui s’est développée en Gaule à partir de -5.000 et apporté une langue archaïque issue d’une langue originelle trans-eurasienne. Cela explique les correspondances linguistiques que j’ai établies entre le gaulois et les langues dravidiennes - 250 mots communs sur les 500 mots étudiés (et 160 avec le bourouchaski), ainsi qu’avec les langues altaïques, ouraliennes, karvéliennes, anatoliennes et moyen-orientales. Cela explique aussi les similitudes constatées dans l’organisation de la société et la religion, qui amènent certains chercheurs à suggérer, sur la base de la diffusion du très ancien haplogroupe H2 P-96 de l’Inde à l’Europe de l’Ouest, que les premiers Européens et les proto-Dravidiens avaient une origine commune très ancienne, les macro-haplogroupes F et K, desquels descendent tous les haplogroupes européens, et l’haplogroupe H ayant pu apparaitre en Inde.
Indo-Europeanization – the seven dimensions in the study of a never-ending process
Documenta Praehistorica, 2007
This contribution focuses on the multifaceted process of Indo-Europeanization which started out, in the Pontic-Caspian region, with the formation of a distinct ethno-cultural epicenter, the Proto-Indo-European complex. Since the late Neolithic, the Indo-Europeanization of Europe and parts of Asia produced various scenarios of contact and conflict. Altogether seven dimensions are highlighted as essential for the study of the contacts which unfolded between Indo-Europeans and non-Indo-European populations (i.e. Uralians, Caucasians, ancient populations in southern and central Europe). Selective aspects of cultural and linguistic fusion processes during the Neolithic and subsequent periods are discussed, and the controversial term ‘migration’ is redefined.
The Indo-Europeanization of Europe: An Introduction to the Issues 1
Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 2018
Introduction to the Players and the Game The panel represented in these pages explored events that are from the distant past but have had a broad impact, even into the present day, affecting everyone in the United States and in North America more generally, but even further, in all parts of the globe. The particular events in question are what can be called the Indo-Europeanization of Europe. Indo-Europeanization refers to the arrival in Europe of a large family of languages, where the term family indicates that the languages stem from a common source, and thus have common parentage. 2 While there are many language families in the world, the particular family of interest here is the one that includes English, Greek, Hindi, Russian, and literally dozens of other modern-and ancient-languages ranging from India to Europe. 3 This geographic spread is the basis for the usual name for the family, Indo-European. The family itself and the relations among the members of the family are often represented as a tree, mimicking the representation of a biological family; a slightly tonguein-cheek, but nonetheless useful, rendition of the family with its 10 major branches is given in Figure 1, with a version given in Figure 2 that is more conventional in form, for linguists at least. 4 1 Read 29 April 2017 as part of the Indo-Europeanization of Europe symposium. 2 Note that in the case of related languages, there is only one "parent." 3 And now beyond, as well, due to colonization. 4 This type of representation for language relationships was lent to linguistics from stemmatology, the study of the relationships among different manuscripts. Charles Darwin may well have borrowed the idea of a biological family tree for relations among species from comparative linguistics of the mid-19th century; in his On the Origin of Species, he writes, "It may be worth while to illustrate this view of classification, by taking the case of languages" (Darwin 1860, 422). It should be noted that in biological phylogenetics, the family trees tend to be schematized with the "parent" node (representing the "root" of the tree) at the bottom, while linguists more conventionally have that node at the top (as in Figure 2, thus not a "root" in the same way as in biological "trees," or real trees, for that matter, as in Figure 1).
Indo-European Languages; the Perpetual Dilemma
This paper is intended as a short preliminary draft. Hence I have not given detailed explanations on issues discussed in it or source of references. It is only intended to highlight some facts that appear to be inconsistent with the currently popular models of the origin and expansion of the language group.