Vietnam in Latin America! The Nicaraguan Revolution in the Austrian press. (original) (raw)
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This article analyses newspapers’ discourse in supporting of the last Argentinean dictatorship (1976–1983). Despite an extensive body of knowledge devoted to study the last military intervention, most of the research focused on human rights violations that occurred in hidden concentration camps; little attention has been paid to the role of the press in supporting the armed forces in power. The most popular and top selling newspapers such as Clarín and La Nación not only were favoured with generous business deals by the military regimes, but also developed a particular narrative praising the armed forces. Using medical metaphors, binary opposites such as order and disorder and particular front page layouts, newspapers supported the idea of military rule as providing the only alternative to re-establish order for the common good in a country deeply affected by political violence. This article also analyses the fraudulent purchase of paper factory Papel Prensa S.A. made between the military junta and the three major newspapers Clarín, La Nación and La Razón. This article concludes that the mainstream Argentine press supported the 1976 coup d’état and built consensus around military leaders.
Framing Latin America in the Spanish press. A cooled down friendship between two fraternal lands.
Communications: The European Journal of Communication Research, 2005
This study focuses on a news framing analysis of Latin America and Latin Americans in the Spanish press. For this purpose 1,271 news articles with different Latin American countries or their citizens as main actors were examined. These news stories had been published by the main Spanish newspapers in 1999. The results reveal that attribution of responsibility, human interest, and conflict constitute the prevailing frames used by the Spanish press. Furthermore, significant differences in the considered variables in terms of main country actor were observed. Venezuela and Colombia, in particular, are associated with armed conflicts, natural disasters, crimes, and accidents using human interest and conflict news frames. This leads to a necessary consideration of the consequences this type of news coverage on Latin America may generate, and whether it will reinforce stereotypes or prejudices in the Spanish audience against peoples from these countries, especially those with a high migratory influx to Spain.
War and Revolution in Nicaragua
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Revolution and War The impact of the war of aggression waged by the United States government against Nicaragua has been enormous. Between 1980 and 1986 counter-revolutionary activity has caused destruction of property and losses in production amounting to 596million−thatis,15percentofthetotalmaterialproductofthoseyears.Thesectorsmostseriouslyaffectedwereagriculture,forestryandconstruction,whichbore82percentofthetotallosses.Inthesameperiod,theaggressionclaimedover17,500victims.′TheactionsoftheAmericangovernmentincludedthedirectandindirectfinancingofcounter−revolutionarygroups,providingthemwithmilitaryandlogisticalmaterials,trainingtheirtroopsandofficers,miningportsetc;inadditionrequeststomultilateralagenciesfordevelopmentfinancehavebeenblockedandacommercialembargodeclared,amongothermeasures.ThetotaldirectimpactofthewarontheNicaraguaneconomyhasbeenestimatedatalmost5 96 million-that is, 15 per cent of the total material product of those years. The sectors most seriously affected were agriculture, forestry and construction, which bore 82 per cent of the total losses. In the same period, the aggression claimed over 17,500 victims.' The actions of the American government included the direct and indirect financing of counter-revolutionary groups, providing them with military and logistical materials, training their troops and officers, mining ports etc; in addition requests to multilateral agencies for development finance have been blocked and a commercial embargo declared, among other measures. The total direct impact of the war on the Nicaraguan economy has been estimated at almost 596million−thatis,15percentofthetotalmaterialproductofthoseyears.Thesectorsmostseriouslyaffectedwereagriculture,forestryandconstruction,whichbore82percentofthetotallosses.Inthesameperiod,theaggressionclaimedover17,500victims.′TheactionsoftheAmericangovernmentincludedthedirectandindirectfinancingofcounter−revolutionarygroups,providingthemwithmilitaryandlogisticalmaterials,trainingtheirtroopsandofficers,miningportsetc;inadditionrequeststomultilateralagenciesfordevelopmentfinancehavebeenblockedandacommercialembargodeclared,amongothermeasures.ThetotaldirectimpactofthewarontheNicaraguaneconomyhasbeenestimatedatalmost1,000 million; the equivalent of three years of export earnings. The indirect impact of the war has been equally great. Military aggression has produced a general distortion of national economic and social life in a whole number of areas: the non-productive use of scarce resources, the lack of both labour and machinery in the productive sectors, the relocation of large sectors of the rural population, the disarticulation of channels of circulation of goods, an inorganic money supply, a growing fiscal deficit, budget imbalances etc. About half of government spending, and about 20 per cent of the economically active population, have been absorbed by the defence effort. This situation has had the effect of concentrating the bulk of the analysis of the impact of war on the Sandinista revolution on the magnitude and gravity of the losses. This perspective is useful for making international public opinion aware of what is happening and mobilising solidarity * The author is Coordinator of the Centro de Investigaciones y Documentaabn de la Costa Atlintica (CIDCA), Nicaragua. This essay expresses personal opinions, however, and does not represent theview of that institution. Betty Mufioz assisted in the collection and analysis of statistical dara.
Framing Latin America in the Spanish press: A cooled down friendship between two fraternal lands 1
Americans in the Spanish press. For this purpose 1,271 news articles with different Latin American countries or their citizens as main actors were examined. These news stories had been published by the main Spanish newspapers in 1999. The results reveal that attribution of responsibility, human interest, and conflict constitute the prevailing frames used by the Spanish press. Furthermore, significant differences in the considered variables in terms of main country actor were observed. Venezuela and Colombia, in particular, are associated with armed conflicts, natural disasters, crimes, and accidents using human interest and conflict news frames. This leads to a necessary consideration of the consequences this type of news coverage on Latin America may generate, and whether it will reinforce stereotypes or prejudices in the Spanish audience against peoples from these countries, especially those with a high migratory influx to Spain.