Development and validation of the hyperlipidemia (original) (raw)
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Physician Noncompliance With the 1993 National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP-ATPII) Guidelines
Circulation, 1998
Background-We sought to determine the frequency with which physicians follow National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP-ATPII) guidelines in screening for cardiovascular risk factors and treating hyperlipidemia. Methods and Results-We conducted a retrospective chart review on randomly sampled charts of 225 patients admitted to the coronary care unit between January and June 1996. The main outcome measures were rates of physician screening for coronary heart disease risk factors; rates of counseling for cigarette cessation, diet, and exercise; and extent of use of NCEP algorithms for obtaining LDL cholesterol values and treating hypercholesterolemia. Screening rates for interns (who performed best) were: cigarette use (89%), known coronary heart disease (74%), hypertension (68%), hyperlipidemia (59%), family history (56%), diabetes (37%), postmenopausal hormone therapy (11%), and premature menopause (1%). Four percent of smokers were counseled to quit, 14% of patients were referred to dietitians, and 1% were encouraged to exercise. A full lipid panel was obtained in 50% of patients in whom it was indicated on the basis of NCEP criteria. Patients were more likely to receive lipid-lowering treatment if NCEP criteria indicated that they should, but 36% of hospitalized patients and 46% of patients who should have been treated on discharge were not. Conclusions-Physicians are poorly compliant with NCEP guidelines for risk factor assessment and counseling, even in patients at high risk for coronary heart disease. Physicians follow NCEP-ATPII algorithms for obtaining an LDL value, a key step in evaluating the need for treatment, only 50% of the time. NCEP criteria seem to influence the decision to initiate lipid-lowering therapy, but significant numbers of eligible patients remain untreated. (Circulation. 1998;98:851-855.)
WINNER OF THE 1998 BEST MEDICAL STUDENT PAPER IN PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
Preventive Medicine, 1999
Background. Elevated serum cholesterol is a major (sweat-related physical activity Ͻ3 ؋ per week), and risk factor for CHD. Primary prevention through be-22% were cigarette smokers. After 6 months of followhavioral modification has been designated first-line up, 74% of participants with high-fat diets reported treatment for patients with elevated cholesterol. In eating a lower fat diet, 71% of overweight participants this study, we assessed the impact of a physician office reported weight loss, 53% of sedentary participants atvisit after a worksite cholesterol screening on selftempted to increase physical activity, and 38% of smokreported changes in diet, weight loss, exercise, and ers decreased or quit cigarette smoking. Thirty-five smoking. We hypothesized that those individuals who percent of participants completed the referral for a had a physician office visit regarding cholesterol physician office visit to discuss their elevated choleswould make more changes in CHD risk factors than terol determined at the baseline worksite screening. those who did not have such a visit.
Cholesterol Treatment and Changes in Guidelines in an Academic Medical Practice
The American Journal of Medicine, 2014
BACKGROUND: National guidelines are intended to influence physician cholesterol treatment practices, yet few studies have documented the effect of new guidelines on actual prescribing behaviors and impacts on patient eligibility for treatment. We describe current cholesterol treatment in an academic practice of Family and Internal Medicine physicians as well the effect of a change in cholesterol treatment guidelines from 2001 Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII) to 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines. METHODS: Medical records were extracted from primary care patients aged 40-75 years with at least one outpatient visit from January 1, 2012 to July 31, 2013; patients were included if they had records of cholesterol testing, blood pressure measurement, sex, race, and smoking status. Patients were classified into ATPIII and ACC/AHA categories based on clinical variables (eg, diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease), Framingham Risk Score, and 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. RESULTS: There were 4536 patients included in the analysis. Of these, 71% met ATPIII goals and 56% met ACC/AHA guidelines, a 15% decrease. Forty-three percent of high-risk patients met their low-density lipoprotein goals and 46% were on statins. Overall, 32% of patients would need to be started on a statin, 12% require an increased dose, and 6% could stop statins. Of patients considered low risk by ATPIII guidelines, 271 would be eligible for treatment by ACC/AHA guidelines, whereas 129 patients were shifted from intermediate risk to low risk with the change in guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: The ACC/AHA guidelines expand the number of patients recommended to receive statins, particularly among patients who were previously thought to be at moderate risk, and would increase the intensity of treatment for many patients at high risk. Significant numbers of patients at risk for cardiovascular events were not receiving guideline-based treatment. New cholesterol guidelines may make treatment decisions easier.
Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi-Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology, 2019
Few studies have directly assessed suboptimal management of dyslipidemia in Turkey. This study was conducted to assess patients' understanding and perceptions of high cholesterol as well as physicians' knowledge and awareness of lipid management strategies. Methods: This was a multicenter, observational study (Clini-calTrials.gov identifier: NCT02608645). Consecutive patients admitted to the participating cardiology clinics who were at least 18 years of age and who had been classified in a secondary prevention (SP) group or a high-risk primary prevention (PP) group were enrolled. The study population included 1868 patients from 40 sites in Turkey. Two-thirds (67.5%) of the patients in the SP group had been prescribed a statin, whereas only 30.1% of the PP group patients received statin therapy (p<0.001). Results: It was determined that 18% of the SP patients and 10.6% of the PP patients had a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level at the recommended level (p<0.001). A patient survey revealed that almost half of the patients in the PP and in the SP groups were aware that their cholesterol levels were high. Negative information about statin treatment disseminated by media programs was the most common reason (9.4%) given for treatment discontinuation. Conclusion: Perceptions, knowledge and compliance with the guidelines for PP and SP patients in real-life practice have increased, but it remains far below the desired level. Patients and physicians should have more information about the treatment of hyperlipidemia. More accurate media programming could help to prevent the dissemination of misinformation. Amaç: Türkiye'de dislipideminin suboptimal yönetimini az sayıda çalışma doğrudan değerlendirmiştir. Bu çalışma, hastaların yüksek kolesterol algısını ve lipit yönetim stratejileri ile ilgili olarak hekimlerin kolesterol hakkındaki bilgi ve farkındalığını değerlendirmek amacıyla yapıldı. Yöntemler: Çalışma gözlemsel ve çok merkezli bir çalışmadır (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02608645). En az 18 yaşında olan, kardiyoloji kliniklerine başvuran ikincil korunma (SK) grubunda ve çok yüksek, yüksek riskli birincil korunma (PK) grubundaki ardışık hastalar çalışmaya alındı. Çalışma popülasyonu, Türkiye'de 40 bölgeden 1868 hasta içermektedir. SK grubunda hastaların üçte ikisine (%67.5) statin verildi, PK hastalarının sadece %30.1'ine statin tedavisi verildi (p<0.001). Bulgular: Düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein kolesterol (LDL-C) düzeyi önerilen düzeyde olan hastaların oranı PK'da %10.6, SK'da %18 idi (p<0.001). Hastaya özgü anket, PK ve SK gruplarındaki hastaların neredeyse yarısının kolesterol seviyelerinin yüksek olduğunu bildiğini ortaya koydu. Medya programlarındaki statin tedavisi ile ilgili olumsuz bilgiler (%9.4) tedavinin kesilmesinin en yaygın nedeniydi. Sonuç: Gerçek yaşam pratiğinde birincil ve ikincil korunma ile ilgili algı, bilgi ve uyum artmıştır, ancak istenen seviyelerin çok altındadır. Hastalar ve hekimler hiperlipideminin tedavisi hakkında daha fazla bilgi sahibi olmalıdır. Ayrıca, medya programlarını kontrollerinin sağlanması, hastaların yanlış bilgilendirilmesini önleyebilir.
What Do Physicians Recommend To Their Overweight and Obese Patients?
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 2009
Background: It is recognized that physicians play an important role in responding to the nation's obesity epidemic. Little is known, however, about what physicians say to their obese patients to help them lose weight.