Generation of bound solitons in actively phase modulation mode-locked fiber ring resonators (original) (raw)
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Multibound solitons generated in an active mode-locked fiber ring resonator can be considered to offer some significant applications in the coding for optical packet transmission. Optical phase modulators (PMs) incorporated in such fiber ring resonators are fabricated in uniaxial birefringent crystal substrate and thus influence both polarized modes of a coupled linearly polarized mode from a weakly guiding fiber forming the ring. Thus there are two polarized rings in such a structure of the active mode-locked fiber ring resonators. They are coupled and interact with each other in the generation of multibound solitons. This paper thus studies the influence of two types of electrodes for phase modulation, lumped and traveling wave, in such birefringent fiber active ring resonators, and hence the transitional formation of multibound solitons. It is shown that there exist comblike spectral components in the ring cavity due to the birefringence property of the PM. Furthermore, the narrow free spectral range of the ring resonator limits the pulse shortening and hence the formation of the multibinding of solitons. Fig. 3. (Color online) Geometries of LiNbO 3 PMs-(a) X-cut and positions of electrodes and (b) Z-cut and positions of electrodes-for effective interaction.
Bound twin-pulse solitons in a fiber ring laser
Physical Review E, 2004
Bound states of twin-pulse solitons were experimentally observed in a passively mode-locked fiber ring laser. Similar to those of single-pulse solitons, the bound states of twin-pulse solitons are marginally stable and occur at some fixed, quantized soliton separations. Our experimental investigations revealed that the formation of such bound states might be resulted from the dispersive wave mediated long-range soliton interaction in the laser.
Generation of high order multi-bound solitons and propagation in optical fibers
Optics Communications, 2009
We demonstrate experimental generation of multi-bound solitons of up to sextuple in an active FM mode-locked fiber ring laser operating under power saturation in the locking state. The ring laser consists of two booster optical amplifiers operating in saturation regime, an electro-optic phase modulator driven by a sinusoidal electrical wave and a length of dispersive fiber. The periodic phase modulation generates phase chirp of the generated lightwaves in the ring laser. The chirped phase state plays an important role in the phase matching condition for mode-locking as well as the stabilization and the determination of the bound states of multi-solitons. The formation of such high order multi-bound solitons is explained based on the chirping of the phase and the behavior of the optical pulse sequence in the near field region of the dispersive fiber. The propagation of these multi-bound solitons through single mode optical fibers is observed. Experimental and simulation results of bound solitons have been shown to follow similar trends. The propagation of these multi-bound solitons through single mode optical fibers is described. Their mutual interaction through such quadratic phase media shows the influence of the quadratic phase property on the differential phase of individual solitons of the bound group. Simulated results confirm the evolution of the bound solitons over dispersive single mode optical fibers.
Soliton shaping of dispersive waves in a passively mode-locked fibre soliton ring laser
Optical and quantum …, 2001
We have studied the mechanism of soliton formation in a passively mode-locked ®bre ring laser when the gain is increased. We show experimentally that new soliton pulses in the laser are generated by soliton shaping of dispersive waves. Our observation is further con®rmed by numerical simulations where an improved model is used that takes into account explicitly the polarization dispersion eect and discrete saturable absorber eect.
Multiple-Pulse Operation and Bound States of Solitons in Passive Mode-Locked Fiber Lasers
International Journal of …, 2011
We present results of our research on a multiple-pulse operation of passive mode-locked fiber lasers. The research has been performed on basis of numerical simulation. Multihysteresis dependence of both an intracavity energy and peak intensities of intracavity ultrashort pulses on pump power is found. It is shown that the change of a number of ultrashort pulses in a laser cavity can be realized by hard as well as soft regimes of an excitation and an annihilation of new solitons. Bound steady states of interacting solitons are studied for various mechanisms of nonlinear losses shaping ultrashort pulses. Possibility of coding of information on basis of soliton trains with various bonds between neighboring pulses is discussed. The role of dispersive wave emitted by solitons because of lumped intracavity elements in a formation of powerful soliton wings is analyzed. It is found that such powerful wings result in large bounding energies of interacting solitons in steady states. Various problems of a soliton interaction in passive mode-locked fiber lasers are discussed.
Compound pulse solitons in a fiber ring laser
Physical Review A, 2003
We report on the existence of a different form of solitary waves in a passively mode-locked fiber ring laser. Studying the interaction between bound solitons observed in a passively mode-locked fiber laser revealed that the bound-soliton pair behaves as a unit, and the properties of their interaction have exactly the same features as those of the single-pulse soliton in the laser, which suggests that the observed bound solitons are in fact another form of solitary waves in the laser. Numerical simulation confirmed the existence of a different form of solitons in the laser.
Intricate solitons state in passively mode-locked fiber lasers
Optics Express, 2011
We report a novel spontaneous soliton pattern formation in a figure-of-eight passively mode-locked erbium-doped double-clad fiber laser. It consists in a condensate phase in which there is almost periodic arrangement of alternate crystal and liquid soliton phases. Thanks to an adapted ansatz for the electric field, we perform a reconstruction allowing to clearly identify the soliton distribution along the cavity.