Virtual Archaeology – New Methods of Image-Based 3D Modeling (original) (raw)
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Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, 2016
Currently, the use of 3D digital acquisition techniques represents the most popular means for the documentation and digitization of archaeological heritage. The advantage of recreating a detailed virtual model of a site is twofold. On the one hand, it provides a support for archaeologists who deal with continuous work of restoration and their associated studies. In fact, the majority of the sites are made of perishable materials, making essential the adoption of fast tool for data acquisition. On the other hand, the different medium of visualization, reaches the wider public directly, improving the spread of
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Transcultural Research – Heidelberg Studies on Asia and Europe in a Global Context, 2013
With digital globes like Google Earth or Microsoft Bing Maps the access to virtual, geo-referenced 3D data has become considerably easier and these sources of information are now requently used by a worldwide audience. The underlying technologies in sensors and data processing have strongly influenced many disciplines and have led in many cases to completely novel ways to how the work is conducted, with new possibilities for improved data acquisition, processing, analysis, representation, and dissemination. Archaeology and cultural heritage are definitely among those fields that have drawn many advantages from this situation. Advanced 3D modelling of landscapes, sites, single architectures, statues, findings, and artefacts have given the experts in the field and office new tools for better analysis and interpretation of processes, developments, and relations.
Proceedings of the …, 2007
The paper presents an interdisciplinary project which is the first step towards a 3D Geographical Information System (GIS) dedicated to Cultural Heritage with a specific focus application on the Castle of Shawbak, also known as the "Crac de Montral" in Jordan. The project continues to grow thanks to a synergy between a set of laboratories: The LSIS laboratory, France in charge of the photogrammetric survey phase connected with the knowledge based approach; ITABC, CNR lab in Roma, Italy in charge of the topometric survey, with DGPS and aerial photography with gas balloon, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kyoto, Japan for the 3D view point seek connected to the database, the image processing aspect managed by Stratos documentation, SimVis from The Department of Computer Science, University of Hull, UK, for the virtual reality aspect and of course the Dipartimento di Studi storici e Geografici from the University of Florence, Italy, in charge of the archaeological part. Our project focuses on a building scale encompassing its atomic elements such as ashlars blocks, cement, stratigraphic units and architectonic elements. At this scale we need a full 3D interface in order to manage accurate measurements, a huge quantity of observations and a mainly heterogeneous archaeological documentation. This project described in this paper is work in progress. After four photogrammetric campaigns in Jordan the first results are available on the project web site: http://www.shawbak.net
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The nature of archaeological research implies documenting and recording the remains or structures uncovered in the most precise and objective way possible. Archaeologists use digital tools precisely because they meet the challenges of their discipline. The creation of digital twins thus actively contributes to the study, protection and dissemination of archaeological heritage. From the study of a territory to the analysis of a trace left by a tool, archaeology reasons at different scales and combines analyses and multi-scalar approaches. This represents a challenge in itself. The development of an open-source photometric stereo suite makes it possible to respond in part to this work by taking into account the great diversity of archaeological remains while producing models that combine volume accuracy and color reliability. CCS CONCEPTS • Computing methodologies → Reconstruction; • Applied computing → Anthropology.
COMPUTER VISION TOOLS FOR 3D MODELLING IN ARCHAEOLOGY
International Journal of Heritage in the Digital Era, 2012
In archaeological Cultural Heritage study 3D modelling has become a very useful process to obtain indispensable data for documentation and visualization. Nowadays the continuous request to achieve photorealistic 3D models has led to testing different techniques and methodologies to speed up both data acquisition and the data processing phase. There are many examples of surveys conducted with the use of range-based and image-based techniques, but, in the last few years, the scientific research has been increasingly moving towards automatic procedures using Computer Vision approach to reduce time during data processing. Computer Vision approach offers a great opportunity for archaeological survey since it can be very easily used by existing Computer Vision interfaces such as 3D web services and open source or low cost software. The aim of this work is to evaluate the performance offered by Computer Vision interfaces for 3D survey of archaeological ruins using some 3D web-service tools and a low cost software like PhotoScan package. Some tests have been performed to analyze the geometric accuracy of 3D models obtained by 3D web-service tools and PhotoScan package through the comparison with a 3D model achieved by laser scanning survey.
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SfM-PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR FAST RECORDING OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FEATURES IN REMOTE AREAS
Archeologia e Calcolatori, 2020
Digital documentation of archaeological evidence represents a crucial tool in the study, preservation, management, and promotion of archaeological sites in remote regions and in fragile landscapes. In marginal environments, the knowledge related to archaeological heritage can quickly disappear, especially when policies to protect cultural heritage are unreliable or lacking. In the last few decades, archaeological fieldwork has seen the increasing use of Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetric techniques as a tool for mapping and recording archaeological evidence. This technique allows to create high-detail 3D models of archaeological sites, monuments, and artefacts from sets of simple but accurately taken pictures, thus preserving their appearance and dimensional data for further research and (digital) cultural valorisation. Nowadays, low-cost/commercial off-the-shelf sensors (professional and semi-professional digital cameras and smartphones as well) are widely available in the market and accessible by most users operating in the framework of cultural heritage documentation. This has made the acquisition of field pictures much more flexible and cost-sustainable for field archaeologists, allowing to fast record archaeological features during field surveys and obtain 3D models almost in real time in remote and barely accessible areas. In this paper, we present the results of the application of the above-mentioned methods during archaeological surveys in the Sultanate of Oman. We demonstrate this is a highly flexible and fast workflow to record archaeological heritage in low-accessible or fragile contexts, where a 3D model (with centimetric precision) represents a valuable dataset for further lab analysis and cultural dissemination.