The Caries Experience and Behavior of Dental Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder (original) (raw)
Related papers
Dental caries experience, oral health status and treatment needs of dental patients with autism
Journal of Applied Oral Science, 2011
O bjectives: Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder. The aims of this study were to investigate whether children with autism have higher caries prevalence, higher periodontal problems, or more treatment needs than children of a control group of nonautistic patients, and to provide baseline data to enable comparison and future planning of dental services to autistic children. Material and Methods: 61 patients with autism aged 6-16 years (45 males and 16 females) attending Dubai and Sharjah Autism Centers were selected for the study. The control group consisted of 61 non-autistic patients chosen from relatives or friends of autistic patients in an attempt to have matched age, sex and socioeconomic status. each patient received a complete oral and periodontal examination, assessment of caries prevalence, and caries severity. Other conditions assessed were dental plaque, gingivitis, restorations and treatment needs. Chi-square and Fisher's exact test of significance were used to compare groups. Results: The autism group had a male-tofemale ratio of 2.8:1. Compared to controls, children with autism had significantly higher decayed, missing or filled teeth than unaffected patients and significantly needed more restorative dental treatment. The restorative index (RI) and Met Need Index (MNI) for the autistic children were 0.02 and 0.3, respectively. The majority of the autistic children either having poor 59.0% (36/61) or fair 37.8% (23/61) oral hygiene compared with healthy control subjects. Likewise, 97.0% (59/61) of the autistic children had gingivitis. Conclusions: Children with autism exhibited a higher caries prevalence, poor oral hygiene and extensive unmet needs for dental treatment than non-autistic healthy control group. Thus oral health program that emphasizes prevention should be considered of particular importance for children and young people with autism.
Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Dental Office - A Review
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2021
Over the last few years there has been a growing interest to cater to the requirements of children with special health care needs, especially those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by limited communication skills and an obsessive need for structured patterns. Individuals with a genetic predilection to autism can be provoked by the various prenatal, natal, or post-natal environmental factors. Drugs such as thalidomide, valproic acid and consumption of antidepressants during pregnancy as well as high maternal age and viral infections are known to be prenatal triggers for autism. Autism affects 1 in every 110 children with a significant preponderance of boys to girls with a ratio of 4:1. According to Caries Risk Assessment tool (CAT) adapted by the American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, children with ASD are at a high risk for dental caries due to their preference for carious food, pouching of food due to poor masticatory abili...
Dental Caries Experience among the Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in 3-15 Years
Journal of Nepalese Association of Pediatric Dentistry
Introduction: Dental caries remains the most prevalent, unmet health care need for children with special health care needs such as autism spectrum disorder. This study was carried out to help in providing a baseline data to enable comparison and future planning of dental services for autistic children. Objective: The study aims to evaluate the oral health status among the 3-15 years old children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Kathmandu. Methods: A cross sectional study was done among 80 autistic children of age 3-15 years. Dental caries was measure by Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS. Results: The prevalence of the dental caries was found to be 66.3% (53) with mean dmft of 3.03 ± 3.71 and DMFT of 0.51 ± 1.78 among children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Caries prevalence was higher in females compared to males. Among the carious teeth 94% were untreated. Conclusions: The prevalence of dental caries was high in children with Autism Spectrum D...
Dental caries experience and periodontal health status in a sample of autism children
Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018
Background and Objective: Autism is a persistent neurodevelopmental condition. This study aimed to investigate carious and periodontal problems among a sample of children with autism in Erbil, Iraq. Methods: A total of 44 autistic children aged 1-14 years (30 males and 14 females) attending Erbil, Iraq Autism Centers were enrolled in the study. The control group consisted of 44 non-autistic children chosen from different schools which represent different geographical locations in Erbil city in the period between September, 1 st 2014 to January, 1 st 2015 to have matched age, sex and socioeconomic status. Each patient received an assessment of caries prevalence. Other conditions assessed were oral hygiene and gingival health status. The t-test of significance was used to compare groups. Results: Data analyzed for the present study comprised observations from a group of children (cases = 44) diagnosed with autism matched with healthy children (controls = 44). The autistic children had lower decayed, missing or filled teeth than unaffected children with nonsignificant differences. The mean decayed-missing-filled teeth in primary teeth (dmft) of the autistic group was 11.57 ± 11.41 while that of the controls was 15.36 ± 12.81. The mean Decayed-Missing-Filled teeth in permanent teeth (DMFT) of the autistic group was 2.36 ± 3.86 and 2.89 ± 3.78 in the controls. With advancing age, the value of decayed, missing and filled teeth increased. Almost all of the autistic children had fair oral hygiene (1.291 ± 0.89) and had gingivitis. Conclusion: Autistic children displayed lower dmft, DMFT scores compared to control group, fair oral hygiene level, and had gingivitis than did the unaffected control children. Hence, non-autistic children need further consideration.
Frontiers in Oral Health
Autistic subjects represent a severe concern to dentistry due to the considerable difficulty in managing their oral health, maintaining routine toothbrushing, and preventing dental and periodontal problems. The social and economic burden of managing dental care in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children is particularly cumbersome for families and public and private health expenditure, especially when children reach the dentist following a late diagnosis with evident oral health problems. An early diagnosis of ASD helps dentists better address these children's oral health. Unfortunately, insufficient attention is paid to the training and education of general pediatricians, dentists, and dental hygienists, allowing them to get to approach the different clinical aspects of ASD. Usually, children diagnosed with ASD are scheduled for dental appointments like their neurotypical peers, whereas their needs are typically complex and personalized. Scant attention is also devoted to these ...
Caries Management Strategies for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Due to their disability to communicate and impaired sensory and motor behaviours, children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) present a challenge to the dental care providers hence resulting in difficult routine dental care as well as increased risk for dental caries and other dental infections. This review aims to acquire a deeper understanding of the best approach to manage carious lesions for children with ASD at home and in dental clinics. A literature search was carried out in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane databases using main keywords including 'carious lesion', 'paediatric', 'dental decay', and 'developmental disability. The inclusion criteria were full articles in the English language and studies related to dentistry only. Out of the initial 326 articles found from the search, 17 articles were eligible to be analysed at the end. Literature, as reported by the studies, was then qualitatively gathered and arranged thematically. Our review found several effective strategies for caries management of children with ASD including the use of behavioural modifications, visual pedagogy, use of pre-treatment audiovisual aids and applications. In addition, clinical preventive procedures using fluoride-based therapy and restorative treatments were also reported to be effective on these children than on comparative groups. The findings from this review could enlighten the health literacy and competency of caregivers when providing oral health care for children with ASD at home and in dental clinics and highlight the awareness on children's 'dental sensitivity' albeit the pain from dental caries.
Medicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal, 2013
Objectives: This article reviews the present literature on the issues encountered while coping with children with autistic spectrum disorder from the dental perspective. The autistic patient profile and external factors affecting the oral health status of this patient population are discussed upon the existing body of evidence. Material and Methods: The MEDLINE database was searched using the terms 'Autistic Disorder', 'Behaviour Control/methods', 'Child', 'Dental care for disabled', 'Education', 'Oral Health', and 'Pediatric Dentistry' to locate related articles published up to January 2013. Results: Most of the relevant studies indicate poor oral hygiene whereas they are inconclusive regarding the caries incidence in autistic individuals. Undergraduate dental education appears to determine the competence of dental professionals to treat developmentally disabled children and account partly for compromised access to dental care. Dental management of an autistic child requires in-depth understanding of the background of the autism and available behavioural guidance theories. The dental professional should be flexible to modify the treatment approach according to the individual patient needs.
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry
Aim: To assess the prevalence of dental caries among autism spectrum disorders (ASD) children in Surabaya, Indonesia, and to explore the association between oral health-related behaviors comprising toothbrushing, snacking and dental visiting and the severity of caries. Methods: The prevalence and severity of caries were assessed using DMF-T/dmf-t and PUFA/pufa indexes for mixed dentitions. The parents or carers' responses were collected to identify the oral health-related behaviors that were associated with caries severity. Results: This study shows that almost 79% of ASD children in Surabaya were experiencing caries and 47.1% had untreated caries with pulp involvement or more severe conditions. Oral health behaviour factors associated with the severity of dental caries experienced by children with autism were brushing frequency Β [95% CI] =2.46 [0.09-4.83] and 2.03 [0.78-3.28]), brushing time (Β [95% CI] =3.76 [1.32-6.20] and 2.03 [0.74-3.32]) and cleansing after snack (B [95% CI] = 2.04 [0.20-3.89] and 1.21 [0.23-2.18]) in DMF-T/dmf-t and PUFA/ pufa indexes, respectively.
Dental care to patients with autism : clinical management guidelines
2019
Objective: to carry out a literature review about autism spectrum disorder, discussing the oral needs of these subjects and proposing guidelines for dental professionals to make it possible to offer dental care to people with autism in their clinical practices. Material and Methods: we searched the databases of the Web of Science, PubMed and Cochrane Library, where articles of systematic reviews, meta-analysis and clinical trials were selected between the periods 2008 to 2018. Results: we selected 28 articles that define and discuss the condition of the autism spectrum disorder and its relationship with oral health. The studies also point out the difficulties of parents and dental professionals regarding oral hygiene and the reception of these subjects in a dental environment. Conclusion: reflecting on these practices and new approaches, we consider a new professional conduct, aimed at raising the quality of dental care to the patient with autism.