A STUDY ON APPLICABILITY ASPECTS OF NANO MATERIALS IN CEMENT-CONSTRUCTION (original) (raw)

Application of Nano Materials on Cement Mortar & Concrete

Nanomaterials-a topic of contemporary research has vast applications in all research areas starting from semi conductors to energy to textiles to construction. Recent investigations showed that small addition of nano particles viz. Nanosilica (nS), Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) & Nano Titanium Oxide (TiO 2) have enhanced the 28 day strength of cement mortar when added in optimized quantities and the same optimization when repeated for concrete produced good results. However, their long term strength differs due to the poor control of the degree of freedom of their valence electron i.e nano materials tend to get oxidized in the long run. In this paper, we report a technical comparison of the 28 day & long term mechanical strength of the nano additions to cement mortars w.r.to ordinary controlled cement mortars and also when the same optimization is applied for nano concrete w.r.to controlled concrete at 28 days.

Application of Nanomaterials on Cement Mortar and Concrete A Study

Nanomaterials--a topic of contemporary research--has vast applications in all research areas starting from semiconductors to energy to textiles to construction. Recent investigations showed that small addition of nanoparticles, viz., Nanosilica (nS), Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) and Nano Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), have enhanced the 28-day strength of cement mortar when added in optimized quantities, and the same optimization when repeated for concrete produced good results. However, their long-term strength differs due to the poor control of the degree of freedom of their valence electron, i.e., nanomaterials tend to get oxidized in the long run. In this paper, a technical comparison of the 28-day and long-term mechanical strength of the nanoadditions to cement mortars is made with reference to ordinary controlled cement mortars and also when the same optimization is applied for nanoconcrete with reference to controlled concrete at 28 days.

APPLICABILITY & DURABILITY ISSUES OF NANOMATERIALS IN CEMENT

Nanomaterials due to their smaller size exhibits many novel properties which may be absent in their conventional bulk material sizes. Cement is the most standard material among all of the materials used in cement concrete constructions and is the only binding medium. This Paper brings out the various beneficial aspects of nanomaterials when they are applied in ordinary cement mortar. Nanomaterials viz. NanoSilica (nS), Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) and Nano Titanium Dioxides (n-TiO 2) are non-virgin materials but when applied to a virgin cement medium like OPC not only enhances the mechanical properties but also increases the volume stability of cement-mortars to larger extent.Geo-polymers which are very low workability binders having no cement content, has their workability enhancement with nanomaterials. INTRODUCTION What a 'Nano' is? Is it 'Tata-Nano'? Could anyone tell why it is called 'Nano'? These are the pertinent questions which come into everyone's mind when they hear about anything called 'Nano'. 'Nano' as it aptly called, is so as it was the world's smallest car invented till now. That was the marketing side of 'Nano' but this Paper discusses the scientific part of it as applied in cement constructions. 'Nano' is a Greek word which means 'dwarf' having dimensions in the order of 10-9 m.Nearly fifty years ago, Richard Feynman who is nicknamed as Albert Einstein-II of this century, is also known as the father of nanotechnology-the technology involving the manufacturing and manipulation of atoms. The construction industry was the only industry to identify nanotechnology as a promising emerging technology in the UK Delphi Survey in the early 1990s… (" Application of Nanotechnology in Construction " , Materials and Structures, 37, 649 (2004), Springer).But now other industries like tyres, paints, medicines etc have paced ahead lagging construction industry behind. With the oncoming of the 4th industrial revolution as explored by Professor Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman, World Economic Forum, also brings up the huge promise of the potentiality of nanotechnology and nanomaterials. Use of CNTs [4][5][20],have produced remarkable improvements in the mechanical properties of cement concrete on account of their crack bridging effects at the nano scale[7] and nucleation effects in the formation of different cement hydrates[6][17] and have replaced the state-of-the-art technologies using fibers which mainly includes steel bars[18], steel fibers[8][14][20],glass fibers[2][12],carbon fibers[24],polypropylene fibers[1][10],and various others[3].Literatures [9],[11],[13],[15],[16][21]&[22] are abound highlighting the importance of nano additions in cement concrete.

Short Term V/S Long Term Optimizations of Nano-Additions on Ordinary Portland Cement

Cement reacts with water and derives its strength by its hydrated products. This hydration is a complex process; it takes usually 20-25 days for 90% of the hydration to get completed. But the long term complete hydration, generally takes a long time to complete. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study both the short term and long term effects of optimized Nanomaterial additions in ordinary cement mortar of cement: sand =1:3 ratios with water added as per the standard consistency as stipulated in IS 4031(Part 6):1988.Nanomaterials viz. Nanosilica (nS), Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) and Nano Titanium Dioxide (n-TiO 2) were added in various dosages which is expressed as % with respect to the weight of cement added and were casted in 70.7mm cubes and tested for its cube strength in the laboratory, at various ages of cement mortar like 7 days,28days,90days,180days and 365days respectively. Optimizations were obtained out after studying the test results; for nS the optimization was found to be 0.75%, CNT optimization was found to be 0.02% and n-TiO 2 optimization was found to be 1% w.r.to cement wt at 28 days i.e. these specific dosages got the maximum compressive strength in the cube testing machine. However the long term results showed different results except for n-TiO 2 .

Use of Nanomaterials in Cementitious Systems

Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Engineering & Agricultural Science, 2020

Nanomaterials are advanced materials derived from nanotechnology which can address much of the present-day world's problems if used in optimum quantities. Be it electronics, medicines, IT, water-purification, textiles, cosmetics, mobiles, computers, health-care products nanotechnology are ruling the roost. This Paper discusses the effect of adding nanomaterials in cement-sand mortar at various dosages by weight of cement(b.w.c.) at different ages starting from short term to long term via. medium term. Comparing the results of nano-additive cement mortars with that of ordinary cement mortars it has been found that nano-additions has resulted in a higher strength gain.

Applicability & Durability Issues Of Nano-Sized Materials In Cement

International Journal of Nano Studies & Technology (IJNST), 2021

Nano-sized Materials due to their smaller size exhibits many novel properties which may be absent in their conventional bulk material sizes. Cement is the most standard material among all of the materials used in cement concrete constructions and is the only binding medium. This Paper brings out the various beneficial aspects of Nano-sized Materials when they are applied in ordinary cement mortar. Nano-sized Materials viz. Nano Silica (nS), Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) and Nano Titanium Dioxides (n-TiO2) are non-virgin materials but when applied to a virgin cement medium like OPC not only enhances the mechanical properties but also increases the volume stability of cement-mortars to larger extent. Geo-polymers which are very low workability binders having no cement content, has their workability enhancement with Nano-sized Materials.

Application of Nanomaterials in Cementitious Systems

Engineering and Scientific International Journal, 2020

Nanomaterials are advanced materials derived from nanotechnology which can address much of the present-day world's problems if used in optimum quantities. Nanotechnology is ruling in electronics, medicines, water-purification, textiles, cosmetics, mobiles, computers and health-care fields. This Paper focus on the effect of adding nanomaterials in cement-sand mortar at various dosages by weight of cement at different ages starting from short term to long term via. medium term. Comparing the results of nano-additive cement mortars with that of ordinary cement mortars it has been found that nano-additions has resulted in a higher strength gain.

Impact of Nanosilica in Ordinary Portland Cement over Its Durability and Properties

Cement Industry - Optimization, Characterization and Sustainable Application, 2021

The present examination illustrates the impact on the hardened and fresh cement mortar and cement with the inclusion of nanosilica of size 40 nm in various environmental conditions (UltraTech, India). It is quite notified that an elevation in compressive strength as well as flexural strength along with an improvisation in the performance and life span of cement mortar. The samples of M5 grade blended with a ninety percentage of concrete and remaining with nanosilica was identified to have a finer working elevation in as well as in standards when collated with the conventional cement mortar. The corollary of hardened and fresh cement, strength parameters were looked upon with the aid of XRD (X-ray Diffraction). Also, the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) test holds a predominant role in analysis.

Studying the effects of Polymeric nanomaterial additions in Cement composites

Journal of Advanced Materials & Applications, 2018

Nanomaterials as studied today are a set of advanced materials which have unique properties and can better the existing behaviors of normal cement concretes. Nanomaterials exist in entangled mass like form which are insoluble in water and therefore are dis this paper an attempt is made to study the effects of Nanomaterials like Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) and Nano Titanium Dioxides (TiO2) for various proportions ranging from 0.02%, 0.05% and 0.1% of cement CNT & 1% & 2.5% of cement weight for TiO mortar mix in mortar cubes of 70.7 mm dimensions, taking cement: sand=1:3 by weight, keeping the water cement(w/c) ratio fixed at 0.4.The Indian codal stipulations of IS:4031. The mechanical testing of the cubes is done in laboratory scale under ordinary curing conditions at 7days, 28 days, 90 days, 180 days & 365 days Keywords: Cement, Concrete, Days, Nanomaterials, Test, Water

NOMINATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN CEMENT CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION

Cement,Energy & Environment, 2018

Abstract: “The Construction Industry was the only industry to identify Nanotechnology as a promising emerging technology in the UK Delphi Survey in the early 1990s… However, Construction has lagged behind other industrial sectors, such as automotive, chemicals, electronics and biotech sectors”. One of the major challenges in 21st century, which still remains unsolved, is the application of Nanotechnology in construction. Though immensely popular in other sectors like electronics, computer science & electrical engineering, nanotechnology has a rather poor contribution in mechanical or construction engineering today. Nanoparticles, a technical product of nanotechnology has evidence in dust, smoke & exhaust particles of nature from which nanomaterials are synthesized. The most significant trend of development in the recent years shows a change in use pattern from Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) to Blended Cements (PSC/PPC/PLC) to Multi component Portland Composite cement to finally Nano-Particulate cements. If Portland cement can be formulated by nano-sized particles a large number of opportunities will open up which includes increasing workability of the system, acceleration of hydration rate, creating better bond strength and finally improving the mechanical properties like compressive strength, flexure & tensile strength. This Paper aims to investigate the problems involved and its solution in the applicability of nanomaterials like nano silica (nS), carbon nanotubes (CNT) and nano titanium di-oxide (TiO2) in a standard concrete (M-40) in addition to the conventional materials used like fine aggregate (FA)-river sand conforming to zone II of IS: 383-1970, potable water with 4th generation polymeric admixture (super plasticizer)-PolyCarboxylate ether for the proper dissolution of insoluble nanomaterials due to their agglomeration. Keywords: Cement, Construction, Engineering, Nano,Technology