Synthesis of colloidal silver nanoparticles for printed electronics (original) (raw)
Related papers
Nanoparticles and Conductive Ink
2017
Kwi Jong Lee, et al., “Direct synthesis and inkjeting of silver nanocrystals toward printed electronics'. Institute of Physics Pub lishing, Nanotechnology 17 (2006), pp. 2424-2428. Kwi Jong Lee, et al., “Environmentally friendly synthesis of organic soluble silver nanoparticles for printed electronics', IPO Publishing, Nanotechnology 18 (2007), pp. 1-5. Kwi Jong Lee, et al., “Direct synthesis and bonding orgins of monolayer-protected silver nanocrystals from silver nanocrystals from silver nitrate through in situ ligand exchange'. Journal of Col loid and Interface Science 304 (2006), pp. 92-97.
Metals, 2022
Currently, silver nanoparticles have attracted large interest in the photonics, electrics, analytical, and antimicrobial/biocidal fields due to their excellent optical, electrical, biological, and antibacterial properties. The versatility in generating different sizes, shapes, and surface morphologies results in a wide range of applications of silver nanoparticles in various industrial and health-related areas. In industrial applications, silver nanoparticles are used to produce conductive inks, which allows the construction of electronic devices on low-cost and flexible substrates by using various printing techniques. In order to achieve successful printed patterns, the necessary formulation and synthesis need to be engineered to fulfil the printing technique requirements. Additional sintering processes are typically further required to remove the added polymers, which are used to produce the desired adherence, viscosity, and reliable performance. This contribution presents a revie...
Silver nanoparticle ink technology: state of the art
Nanotechnology, Science and Applications, 2016
Printed electronics will bring to the consumer level great breakthroughs and unique products in the near future, shifting the usual paradigm of electronic devices and circuit boards from hard boxes and rigid sheets into flexible thin layers and bringing disposable electronics, smart tags, and so on. The most promising tool to achieve the target depends upon the availability of nanotechnology-based functional inks. A certain delay in the innovation-transfer process to the market is now being observed. Nevertheless, the most widely diffused product, settled technology, and the highest sales volumes are related to the silver nanoparticle-based ink market, representing the best example of commercial nanotechnology today. This is a compact review on synthesis routes, main properties, and practical applications.
Metal Nanoparticles Based Inkjet Ink for Advanced Circuit Board Application
Journal of Nanotechnology in Diagnosis and Treatment
This study investigates the synthesis of mono metallic (copper and silver) and bi-metallic (copper/silver core/shell) conductive nanopigments for inkjet printing. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as a main reducing agent followed by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping and dispersing agent. From the XRD, TEM, and SEM analyses, the synthesized mono and bi metallic particles were con?rmed to be in a nano scale with particle size 7, 8.5 and 15.5 nm for copper, silver and copper/silver core/shell, respectively. The prepared nanopigments were included in inkjet ink formulation and printed on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films. The printed ink films were sintered at various temperatures (110, 150, 200). The results revealed that the resistivity of these particles was reduced by sintering and the resistivity of Cu, Ag and Cu/Ag patterns sintered in air at 200 ºC for 30 min were 3.1, 2.99 and 4.14 µ?-cm, respectively. The obtained results were in a good agreement with the ...
Sintering methods for metal nanoparticle inks on flexible substrates
2009
In this paper a number of selective sintering methods suitable for inkjet printed nanoparticles are demonstrated on two different coated papers. The selective methods demonstrated here are electric current heating, microwave sintering and photonic curing. As a reference, conventional heat chamber sintering is also included. Conductivity measurements and studies of sintered structures with optical and scanning electron microscopy are performed, as well as a qualitative evaluation of how the heatsensitive substrates are affected. The purpose is to analyze characteristics of each method and gain insight in how different process parameters affect overall performance and reliability. With heat chamber sintering the best achievable conductivity without substrate deformation corresponded to less than 20% of pure silver. With some selective methods, conductivity reached well above 50% of pure silver.
Scientific Reports
Flexible electronics can be developed with a low-cost and simple fabrication process while being environmentally friendly. Conductive silver inks have been the most applied material in flexible substrates. This study evaluated the performance of different conductive ink formulations using silver nanoparticles by studying the material properties, the inkjet printing process, and application based on electrical impedance spectroscopy using a buffer solution. Silver nanoparticles synthesis was carried out through chemical reduction of silver nitrate; then, seven conductive ink formulations were produced. Properties such as resistivity, viscosity, surface tension, adhesion, inkjet printability of the inks, and electrical impedance of the printed electrodes were investigated. Curing temperature directly influenced the electrical properties of the inks. The resistivity obtained varied from 3.3 × 100 to 5.6 × 10−06 Ω.cm. Viscosity ranged from 3.7 to 7.4 mPa.s, which is suitable for inkjet ...
Inkjet Printable Dispersions of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles
International Symposium on Microelectronics, 2010
Miniaturization and increased complexity of electronic devices are two major trends in the electronic industry. Recent research indicates that inkjet printing can be successfully used in building smaller and more complex structures. This paper describes new methods for generating inkjet printable dispersions of highly dispersed silver and gold nanoparticles. The patterns deposited with a ‘drop-on-demand’ inkjet printer were sintered at different temperatures and converted into thin, highly conductive metal layers. In the case of silver, we show that the film microstructure and electrical resistivity can be tailored by using bimodal particle size distributions.
Paper surfaces for metal nanoparticle inkjet printing
Applied Surface Science, 2012
The widespread usage of paper and board offer largely unexploited possibilities for printed electronics applications. Reliability and performance of printed devices on comparatively rough and inhomogenous surfaces of paper does however pose challenges. Silver nanoparticle ink has been deposited on ten various paper substrates by inkjet printing. The papers are commercially available, and selected over a range of different types and construction. A smooth nonporous polyimide film was included as a nonporous reference substrate. The substrates have been characterized in terms of porosity, absorption rate, apparent surface energy, surface roughness and material content. The electrical conductivity of the resulting printed films have been measured after drying at 60 • C and again after additional curing at 110 • C. A qualitative analysis of the conductivity differences on the different substrates based on surface characterization and SEM examination is presented. Measurable parameters of importance to the final conductivity are pointed out, some of which are crucial to achieve conductivity. When certain criteria of the surfaces are met, paper media can be used as low cost, but comparably high performance substrates for metal nanoparticle inks in printed electronics applications.
Water vapor-assisted sintering of silver nanoparticle inks for printed electronics
SN Applied Sciences
In printed electronics, conductive traces are often produced by printing inks of silver nanoparticles dispersed in solvents. A sintering process is usually needed to make the printed inks conductive by removing the organic dispersants and allowing metal-to-metal contacts among nanoparticles for atomic diffusion and neck formation. It has been challenging to sinter silver nanoparticle inks in a thermal oven at a temperature < 150 °C to avoid thermal damage to the plastic substrate while achieving desired conductivity. This work presents a simple, yet effective way to sinter a silver nanoparticle ink below 120 °C (even at 80 °C) by exposing the printed ink to water vapor in the oven. The results consistently show a significant reduction in line resistivity for the samples sintered in a moist oven compared to those sintered in a dry oven. For example, the measured resistivity can become 9.32 μΩ cm (5.90 times that of bulk silver) when a silver nanoparticle ink is sintered with water vapor at 120 °C for 30 min. Hence, solvent vapor-assisted sintering of metal nanoparticle inks can become an enabling approach to broadening the product range of printed electronics.
Conductive Silver Inks and its Applications in Printed and Flexible Electronics
Conductive inks have been widely investigated in recent years due to their popularity in printed electronics (PE) and flexible electronics (FE). They comprise specific and unique applications that belong to a whole new level of future technology. In this context, silver is a keenly researched material for its promising application in conductive inks. In printing technology, silver conductive inks have a major role in electronic applications. The emerging integration of different technologies is in the form of silver nanoinks. In recent years, the printed electronics market has been dominated by expensive materials such as gold, platinum, etc., which result in costly and complex instruments. To overcome these drawbacks, silver conductive inks can serve as alternative to the current technology. Presently, printed circuit boards (PCBs) use complex and expensive techniques to fabricate the circuit boards, which in turn increases the overall cost. Solvent-based silver conductive inks are capable of substituting PCB technology while reducing the cost of manufacturing. Due to their stellar reputation, investors are looking forward to applying this technology in printed electronics industries.