Systems and Modes of ICT innovation (original) (raw)
This report focuses on modes of ICT innovation at the meso level of systems and the micro level of firms. After a summary of the literature on national innovation systems, and its sectoral and regional applications, we discuss how the concept of innovation systems can be applied to the case of ICT innovation. A framework for indicators is proposed to characterize the performance of ICT innovation systems. Due to the multi-purpose and pervasive nature of ICT, it is relevant to extend the innovation systems concept to the societal level. The resource-based view of the innovative firm fits very well with the innovation systems perspective. Patterns in the firm-level sets (combinations, or mix) of resources and capabilities can be identified with factor-analysis and they give rise to the main types or modes of innovative behaviour. Monitoring ICT innovation systems is important as it allows us to learn how to improve the policy and performance of current and future systems. It allows us to design and improve a mix of ICT innovation policy, which is tailored to specific ICT modes of innovation, and also to a mix of prioritized challenges (e.g. economic, social, environmental, health, or other impacts). Since ICT innovations emerge and diffuse fast, the timing of institutional change is crucial. Setting new standards, and updating regulations can create a competitive edge. ICT innovation policy has become (and should be addressed as) a horizontal policy field which maintains systemic linkages with other policy fields. At both the system and firm level, there are several modes of ICT innovation. Policy makers should not reduce diversity by favouring only one mode. We extend Lundvalls’ theory on interactive learning between producers and users of knowledge by adding that policy for ICT innovation should be produced in interaction with its users.
Related papers
ICT, Innovations and Innovation policy: The Case of Estonia
2001
Neither the European Commission nor any person active on behalf of the Commission is responsible for any use which might be made of the following information. The views of this study are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the policies of the European Commission.
Unlocking the potential for innovation offered by ICTs
W hat is the potential impact of the diffusion of information and communications technologies (ICTs) on innovation in the global economy? At first view, the question seems simple. Some of the major consequences are reduced cost, time and effort associated with communicating across great distances. The faster and less costly the spread of potentially economically consequential ideas and new knowledge, the faster the pace of innovation, especially in those parts of the world previously cut off from information flows. The questions are only: what barriers to the flow of information and ideas continue to exist, and how might they be attenuated for the benefit of all? Removing barriers Not all information and ideas spread via ICTs will result in innovative activity. A good percentage will be for entertainment primarily, to be passively consumed, possibly to the detriment of creative activity and innovation. Also, not everyone who can benefit from the flow of ideas has access to them via ...
Assessing Policy Making for ICT Innovation: A Decision Support Research Agenda
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2014
Our study explores European telecare policy and considers the different types of uncertainties for policy makers when addressing ICT innovation. We specifically examine 14 European countries in our study using document analysis, expert interviews and workshops. The findings reveal nuances in how policy makers are reacting to the uncertainty of telecare technologies as a representative of ICT innovation. Our contribution lies in exploring decision support as per Alter's contention that to improve the quality of decision making we most focus on broadly defined avenues for decision support rather than exclusively Decicion Support Systems [1]. Following Earl and Hopwood (1980), we analyse the case of European telecare policy and outline implications to strengthen policy making for ICT innovation [2]. Our study is pertinent to policy makers as we argue that they will increasingly be challenged to consider 'responsible innovation' in their policy making efforts.
Configuration of actors and roles in establishing ICT
Establishing technologies has brought mixed socio-economic impacts across nations and regions. Researchers have studied the relationships between the establishment technologies and its impacts through identifying innovative processes, major actors, and available resources. However, the challenge to this literature is how less resourced countries have achieved greater prosperity than better resourced countries by establishing Information and Communication Technology (ICT). To understand and analyze this phenomenon, we propose a typology of the configuration of roles and actors in establishing ICT based on an innovation framework. The proposed typology can be used not only to explain different socio-economic impacts among countries or regions, but also to suggest a constructive way in establishing ICT through reconfiguring involved actors in the key roles.
This paper addresses the issue of how ICT are producing an impact on education and training and how they can become a powerful instrument for value-oriented innovation rather than an force strength contributing to the transformation of education into a commodity in the globalised economy. An analysis of present social trends - the "broader picture" - is followed by a review of the three essential aims of education - building the individual, the worker and the citizen - in the information society. The main forces that are affecting education and learning systems are than analysed and the likely future scenarios identified. The contribution of ICT to the Lifelong Learning agenda is than discussed and the emergence of learning communities analysed. Finally the main domains of change in education and training are explored and exemplified and some conclusive remarks are proposed on how policy can support value-oriented innovation.
Loading Preview
Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.