Fabrication and Characterization of Metallic Copper and Copper Oxide Nanoflowers (original) (raw)
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Fabrication of Nanoflowers and Other Exotic Patterns
A wide variety of metallic and metal oxide nanoflowers and other exotic patterns have been fabricated using different techniques. We have created copper and cupric oxide nanoflowers using two different techniques: electro-deposition of copper in polymer and anodic alumina templates, and cytyltrimethal ammonium bromide (CTAB)-assisted hydrothermal method, respectively. Zinc oxide and manganese oxide nanoflowers have been synthesized by thermal treatment. Characterization of nanoflowers is done in the same way as for nanowires using XRD, SEM, TEM and FESEM. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images record some interesting morphologies of metallic copper nanoflowers. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) has been used to determine morphology and composition of copper oxide nanoflowers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern reveals the monoclinic phase of CuO in the crystallographic structure of copper oxide nanoflowers. Nanoflowers find interesting applications in industry. There is an element of random artistic design of nature, rather than science, in exotic patterns of nanoflowers fabricated in our laboratory.
A MINI REVIEW ON COPPER OXIDE NANOMATERIALS
Copper is one of the useful materials in our day to day life. It has diverse applications in electronics, medicaland jewellery. Copper oxide nanostructures are in different morphologies such as nano ribbons, nano wires,spindles, nanoplates.It is low cost, chemical stability, high theoretical capacity. CuO nanostructures are also considered as electrode materials for the next-generation rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). It form electron hole pair to conduct electricity. It has unique properties such as photocatalytic that can be used in optoelectronics. It has applications in sensors, super capacitors, solar cells etc., many techniques were used to investigate the size and shapes such as: scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The research is going on to purify the water. In this paper, a review of synthesizing methods of copper oxide nanoparticles, characterisation and applications were studied.
CuO nanostructures on copper foil by a simple wet chemical route at room temperature
Uniform CuO nanostructures have been synthesized on copper foil substrates by oxidation of Cu in alkaline condition by a simple wet chemical route at room temperature. By controlling the alkaline condition (pH value) different CuO nanostructures like nanoneedles, self-assembled nanoflowers and staking of flake-like structures were achieved. The phase formation and the composition of the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive analysis of X-ray studies. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies indicated that the samples were composed of CuO. The morphologies of the films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. A possible growth mechanism is also proposed here. Band gap energies of the nanostructures were determined from the optical reflectance spectra. The different CuO nanostructures showed good electron field emission properties with turn-on fields in the range 6–11.3 Vmm1 . The field emission current was significantly affected by the morphologies of the CuO films
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Bulletin of Materials Science, 2011
Flower-like CuO nanostructures have been synthesized by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-assisted hydrothermal method. Here, CuCl 2 ⋅2H 2 O was used as copper raw material, and sodium hydroxide was used as precipitate. The resulting CuO powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern exhibited the nanocrystalline nature with monoclinic structure for the as-synthesized nanostructures. FESEM images indicated that the flower-like CuO nanostructures are composed of many interconnected nanosheets in size of several micrometres in length and width and 60-80 nm in thickness. The possible formation mechanism of flower-like CuO nanostructures was discussed.
Temperature driven morphological changes of hydrothermally prepared copper oxide nanoparticles
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The size and shape of nanocrystals have a strong effect on the optical, electrical and catalytic properties. Therefore, controlling the size, shape and structure of nanocrystals is technically important. The controlled synthesis of CuO nanostructures was achieved using a hydrothermal process by simply controlling the precipitation reaction temperature between copper nitrate trihydrate and sodium hydroxide. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), EDS, XRD, and FTIR analysis revealed that the synthesized product at 200 • C is of pure copper oxide particles. From Scherrer formula, the prepared CuO particles varied approximately 3-7 nm in size simply by varying the reaction temperature. The synthesized particles exhibited a regular flake like morphology and had a uniform size distribution. The morphology and size depend on the reaction conditions. Copyright
The Journal of Physical …, 2008
Flower-shaped CuO nanostructures have been prepared by the simple solution process at 100°C using copper nitrate, NaOH, and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) for 3 h without the use of any complex reagents. The morphological investigations by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) revealed that the flowershaped nanostructures are monodispersed in large quantity and exhibit the nanocrystalline nature with monoclinic structure. The flower-shaped morphologies are strongly dependent on the concentration of HMTA, presence or absence of NaOH and HMTA, and reaction time. The possible growth mechanism for the formation of flower-shaped CuO products was also discussed in detail.
Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009
We report the synthesis of different Cu(OH) 2 and CuO nanostructures (nanowires, rectangles, seedlike, beltlike, and sheetlike) in a solution phase with high yield at low cost by simple reduction of aqueous solution of copper nitrate (Cu(NO 3 ) 2 ) 0.2 M) with different alkaline solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH ) 0.1, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 M). The morphology of the synthesized nanostructures is significantly influenced by the feeding concentration of alkaline NaOH solution. Cu(OH) 2 rectangles and nanowires can be readily obtained by the reduction of Cu(NO 3 ) 2 solution with different molar concentrations of NaOH solution and the synthesized nanomaterials get transformed into different nanostructures of CuO by subsequent heat treatment at 80°C for half an hour. Well-defined rectangle-like structures of hydrated copper hydroxide Cu(OH) 2 · H 2 O and different CuO nanostructures, such as seedlike, beltlike, and sheetlike, were synthesized by thermal dehydration of corresponding different shaped and sized Cu(OH) 2 nanomaterials. The Raman spectra of different CuO nanomaterials obtained at different molar concentrations of NaOH (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1 M) were recorded in the region 1050-1300 cm -1 . A tentative mechanism has been given for the formation and transformation of different nanostructures.
Molecules, 2021
In this work, advanced nanoscale surface characterization of CuO Nanoflowers synthesized by controlled hydrothermal approach for significant enhancement of catalytic properties has been investigated. The CuO nanoflower samples were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED), high-angular annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) with elemental mapping, energy dispersive spectroscopy (STEM-EDS) and UV–Vis spectroscopy techniques. The nanoscale analysis of the surface study of monodispersed individual CuO nanoflower confirmed the fine crystalline shaped morphology composed of ultrathin leaves, monoclinic structure and purified phase. The result of HR-TEM shows that the length of one ultrathin leaf of copper oxide nanoflower is about ~65...
Copper (II)-Oxide Nanostructures: Synthesis, Characterizations and their Applications–Review
Several successfully methods to prepare Copper(II)-oxide (Cu=O) nanostructures with different sizes and shapes and their applied in different man daily life applications were investigated in this study. This paper discusses different Cu=O nanostructures synthesis methods and their characterization as well as their applications. The pulsed wire explosion method of synthesis was discussed in detail.