Fatty Liver Increases the Association of Metabolic Syndrome With Diabetes and Atherosclerosis (original) (raw)
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Revista de investigación clínica; organo del Hospital de Enfermedades de la Nutrición
Individuals with fatty liver (FL) have an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) probably due to its association with cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF). To know the prevalence of FL and analyze its association with CMRF and subclinical atherosclerosis, in a sample of Mexican Mestizo population. This study included 846 subjects from the Genetic of Atherosclerosis Disease (GEA) study (53 ± 9 years, 50.7% women) without diabetes and no personal or family history of premature CAD. Blood samples were taken for measurements of lipids profile, uric acid, and insulin. The presence of FL was identified by computed tomography. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) was measured by B mode ultrasound, using the > 75 percentile as cutoff value to define subclinical atherosclerosis. The general prevalence of FL was 32.4%. In men, FL was associated with hyperuricemia, whereas in women, hyperuricemia, low level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and metabolic syndrome were the fa...
Hepatology, 2009
Patients with fatty liver (FL) disease have a high risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The aim was to evaluate the association between FL, insulin resistance (IR), coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, and early atherosclerosis in a large European population (RISC Study). In 1,307 nondiabetic subjects (age 30-60 years) recruited at 19 centers, we evaluated liver enzymes, lipids, insulin sensitivity (by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp), glucose tolerance (by 75 g oral glucose tolerance test), carotid atherosclerosis as intima media thickness (IMT), CHD risk by the Framingham Heart study prediction score, and physical activity (by accelerometer). The presence of FL was estimated using the fatty liver index (FLI; >60, likelihood >78% presence FL; FLI <20 likelihood >91% absence of FL). Subjects were divided into three groups: G1: FLI <20 (n ؍ 608); G3: FLI >60 (n ؍ 234), G2: intermediate group (n ؍ 465). Compared to G1, G3 included more men (70% versus 24%) and people with impaired glucose tolerance (23% versus 5%). IMT increased with FLI (G3 ؍ 0.64 ؎ 0.08 versus G1 ؍ 0.58 ؎ 0.08 mm, P < 0.0001). FLI was associated with increased CHD risk (r ؍ 0.48), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r ؍ 0.33), alanine aminotransferase (r ؍ 0.48), aspartate aminotransferase (r ؍ 0.25), systolic blood pressure (r ؍ 0.39) and IMT (r ؍ 0.30), and reduced insulin sensitivity (r ؍ ؊0.43), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r ؍ ؊0.50), adiponectin (r ؍ ؊0.42), and physical activity (r ؍ ؊0.16, all P < 0.0001). The correlations hold also in multivariate analysis after adjusting for age, gender, and recruiting center. Conclusion: In middle-age nondiabetic subjects, increased IMT, CHD risk, and reduced insulin sensitivity are associated with high values of FLI. (HEPATOLOGY 2009;49:1537-1544
Genes
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases (CVD) share common metabolic pathways. We explored the association between three NAFLD-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs738409, rs10401969, and rs1260326 with sub-clinical atherosclerosis estimated by the carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) and the inter-adventitia common carotid artery diameter (ICCAD) in patients free from clinically overt NAFLD and CVD. The study population is the IMPROVE, a multicenter European study (n = 3711). C-IMT measures and ICCAD were recorded using a standardized protocol. Linear regression with an additive genetic model was used to test for association of the three SNPs with c-IMT and ICCAD. In secondary analyses, the association of the three SNPs with c-IMT and ICCAD was tested after stratification by alanine aminotransferase levels (ALT). No associations were found between rs738409, rs1260326, rs10401969, and c-IMT or ICCAD. Rs738409-G a...
Assessment of Genetic Aspects of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver and Premature Cardiovascular Events
Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases
Recent evidence has demonstrated a strong interplay and multifaceted relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is the major cause of death in patients with NAFLD. NAFLD also has strong associations with diabetes and metabolic syndrome. In this comprehensive review, we aimed to overview the primary environmental and genetic risk factors of NAFLD, and CVD and also focus on the genetic aspects of these two disorders. NAFLD and CVD are both heterogeneous diseases with common genetic and molecular pathways. We have searched for the latest published articles regarding this matter and tried to provide an overview of recent insights into the genetic aspects of NAFLD and CVD. The common genetic and molecular pathways involved in NAFLD and CVD are insulin resistance (IR), subclinical inflammation, oxidative stress, and atherogenic dyslipidemia. According to an investigation, the exact associations between genomic characteristics of NA...
Obesity research & clinical practice, 2007
To examine the relationship between family history of coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension, and diabetes with risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and the possible interaction between these family histories and metabolic components for NAFLD. The 202 health office workers with no evidence of excessive alcohol drinking or hepatitis B or C virus infection were enrolled in the present study performed from March to June 2004. NAFLD was identified in 68 subjects by abdominal ultrasound. Logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of CHD family history increased the risk of NAFLD by 2.25-fold, 95% CI 1.1-4.1 (P = 0.014), while family history of diabetes or hypertension did not increase the risk. In combination with the presence of a family history of CHD, the effect on odds ratios (ORs) was increased for several metabolic features in predicting the incidence of NAFLD, including increased waist circumference, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension and the occurren...
Diabetic Medicine, 2007
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects a substantial proportion of the general population and is frequently associated with many features of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Currently, the importance of NAFLD and its relationship with the MetS is being increasingly recognized, and this has stimulated an interest in the possible role of NAFLD in the development of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have reported the association of NAFLD with multiple classical and non-classical risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moreover, there is a strong association between the severity of liver histopathology in NAFLD patients and greater carotid artery intima-media thickness and plaque, and lower endothelial flow-mediated vasodilation (as markers of subclinical atherosclerosis) independent of obesity and other MetS components. Finally, it has recently been demonstrated that NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of all-cause death and predicts future CVD events independently of other prognostic factors, including MetS components. Overall, therefore, the evidence from these recent studies strongly emphasizes the importance of assessing the global CVD risk in patients with NAFLD. Moreover, these novel findings suggest a more complex picture and raise the possibility that NAFLD, as a component of the MetS, might not only be a marker but also an early mediator of CVD.
The Journal of Tehran University Heart Center
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are 2 common diseases around the globe. This investigation aimed to evaluate NAFLD prevalence in patients with CAD and the potential association between NAFLD and CAD. Methods: This case-control study was performed between January 2017 and January 2018 at Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran, Iran. All patients aged between 35 and 5 years and referred for myocardial perfusion imaging were selected for the study. Totally, 180 participants were divided into CAD+ and CAD− groups. CAD was defined as stenosis of greater than 50.0% in at least 1 coronary artery. Afterward, all the patients underwent abdominal sonography and laboratory tests for NAFLD evaluation. Patients with a history of liver diseases, alcohol consumption, and drug-induced steatosis were excluded. Results: The study population consisted of 122 women (67.8%) and 58 men (32.2%) at a mean age of 49.31±5.42 years. NAFLD was detected in 115 patients...