Performance Evaluation of a Metro WDM Multi-Channel Ring Network With Variable-Length Packets (original) (raw)
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2010 17th IEEE Workshop on Local & Metropolitan Area Networks (LANMAN), 2010
In this paper, an efficient traffic allocation technique and a slotted delay-sensitive WDMA protocol suitable for ring metropolitan area networks is proposed. Our purpose is to improve the limited bandwidth utilization that many WDMA protocols for MANs introduce, especially at high loads. This is achieved by: 1) applying an access algorithm to avoid data wavelengths and receiver collisions, and 2) introducing a multiple buffer architecture at each node with an effective buffer selection for transmission scheme that combines the priority criteria of receiver collisions avoidance and packet age. Thus, we obtain not only dropping probability and delay reduction, but also significant throughput enhancement. The required number of buffers per node to maximize throughput is investigated. Performance evaluation is provided by a discrete event simulation model based on self-similar traffic. Comparative results prove that the proposed architecture manages efficient bandwidth utilization as compared with other WDMA protocols, especially under high loads.
An Efficient Metropolitan WDM Ring Architecture for a Slotted Transmission Technique
Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2008
In this paper, we present a wavelength division multiplexing multiring metropolitan area network architecture using a separate ring as control channel and a finite number of access nodes. Each access node is equipped with a fixed tuned transmitter and a fixed tuned receiver to exchange control information over the control wavelength. Also, each access node has a tunable transmitter to efficiently exploit all data wavelengths for data transmission. The set of data wavelengths is divided into wavelength bands. This allows a flexible node design with a number of parallel tunable receivers per node, each operating in a specific wavelength band and providing limited tuning time. On the one hand, our network strategy confronts more efficiently the scalability and maintenance problems comparatively with most of the access ring protocols. On the other hand, the proposed access algorithm avoids both the data wavelengths and the receiver collisions, improving even more the network utilization. An analytic model is developed for the performance measures evaluation. Also, we develop another analysis approach using discrete event simulation model based on self-similar statistics. Analysis is accomplished studying various numbers of access nodes, data wavelengths, and buffer size.
Efficient QoS support in a slotted multihop WDM metro ring
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2002
In this paper, a novel distributed access protocol for a slotted wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) metro ring employing all-optical packet switching and supporting quality-of-service (QoS) classes is presented and analyzed. Since we assume that there are more nodes than available wavelengths in the network, we obtain a scalable multihop WDM ring as underlying network architecture. By dividing each channel into several time slots and further applying destination release and slot reuse, data packets can be efficiently transmitted and received in a statistically multiplexed manner. In our architecture, each node is equipped with one tunable transmitter and one fixed-tuned receiver. Furthermore, as we generally consider so-called a posteriori access strategies, different packet selection schemes are proposed and compared. An analytical model based on the semi-Markov process methodology is developed to quantify the performance of one of these schemes. As a key element of the protocol, an efficient QoS support access mechanism is proposed and its performance is evaluated. The new QoS control scheme adopts a frame-based slot reservation strategy including connection setup and termination, which only slightly increases the signaling and node processing overhead. Thus, an efficient hybrid protocol combining connectionless and connection-oriented packet transmissions is proposed. Index Terms-All-optical ring networks, medium access control (MAC) protocols, quality-of-service (QoS) support, semi-Markov analysis, wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM).
RingO: An Experimental WDM Optical Packet Network for Metro Applications
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2004
This paper presents Ring Optical Network (RingO), a wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM), ring-based, optical packet network suitable for a high-capacity metro environment. We present three alternative architectural designs and elaborate on the effectiveness of optic with respect to electronic technologies, trying to identify an optimal mix. We present the design and prototyping of a simple but efficient access control protocol, based upon the equivalence of the proposed network architecture with input-buffering packet switches. We discuss the problem of node allocation to WDM channels, which can be viewed as a particular optical network design problem. We, finally, briefly illustrate the fault protection properties of the RingO architecture.
A slotted access control protocol for metropolitan WDM ring networks
Optical Fiber Technology, 2009
ABSTRACT In this study we focus on the serious scalability problems that many access protocols for WDM ring networks introduce due to the use of a dedicated wavelength per access node for either transmission or reception. We propose an efficient slotted MAC protocol suitable for WDM ring metropolitan area networks. The proposed network architecture employs a separate wavelength for control information exchange prior to the data packet transmission. Each access node is equipped with a pair of tunable transceivers for data communication and a pair of fixed tuned transceivers for control information exchange. Also, each access node includes a set of fixed delay lines for synchronization reasons; to keep the data packets, while the control information is processed. An efficient access algorithm is applied to avoid both the data wavelengths and the receiver collisions. In our protocol, each access node is capable of transmitting and receiving over any of the data wavelengths, facing the scalability issues. Two different slot reuse schemes are assumed: the source and the destination stripping schemes. For both schemes, performance measures evaluation is provided via an analytic model. The analytical results are validated by a discrete event simulation model that uses Poisson traffic sources. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol manages efficient bandwidth utilization, especially under high load. Also, comparative simulation results prove that our protocol achieves significant performance improvement as compared with other WDMA protocols which restrict transmission over a dedicated data wavelength. Finally, performance measures evaluation is explored for diverse numbers of buffer size, access nodes and data wavelengths.
Journal of Optical Networking, 2004
A system of slotted interconnected rings employing a combination of wavelength-division multiple access (WDMA) with time-division multiple access (TDMA) can serve a metropolitan area without electro-optical conversion and buffering of payload except at system entry points. The multiple rings overcome the power budget limitations of the single ring extending the reach of the system to even the largest metropolitan areas, the WDM dimension provides flexibility and ease of evolution, and the TDMA dimension offers the efficiency of multiplexing gain particularly under bursty traffic. The system control information is transferred on a dedicated wavelength and is processed in the electrical domain at the ring nodes and the hub, which interconnects the rings. The algorithms control the access to each ring and the scheduling of slots among the rings, based on explicit reservations, to adapt efficiently to the fluctuating offered load. We present the design and hardware implementation of the access control algorithms for such a system built in the framework of the Information Society Technologies (IST) project DAVID (data and voice over DWDM).
Experimental WDM Packet Networks for Metro Applications: the RingO and Wonder Projects
2002
This paper presents the activities carried out at Politecnico di Torino, Italy, on an advanced ring-based WDM optical packet network suitable for a high-capacity metro environment. We present two alternative architectural designs, and elaborate on the effectiveness of optical with respect to electronic technologies, trying to identify an optimal mix of the two technologies [1]. The first presented architecture refers to a research project called RingO, which ended in 2002, while the second one refers to the current ongoing project Wonder. Both projects are funded by the Italian Ministry for Education and Research (MIUR). We present the design and prototyping of a simple but efficient access control protocol, based upon the equivalence of the proposed network architecture with input-buffering packet switches. We discuss the problem of node allocation to WDM channels, which can be viewed as a particular optical network design problem. The main contribution of the paper is the identification and experimental validation of an innovative optical network architecture, which is feasible and cost effective with technologies available today, and can be a valid alternative to more consolidated solutions in metro applications.
Optical Fiber Technology, 2016
This study aims to put forward an extensive discussion about the increasing demand for available bandwidth to serve the multiple types of traffic in modern wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) metropolitan area networks (MANs). A traffic-depended multi-buffer node architecture in conjunction with an efficient asynchronous transmission WDM access (WDMA) protocol to serve the variable size Internet packets in ring MANs is proposed. The structure of the multi-buffer node architecture is determined by the probability distribution of each packet size category in the MAN traffic, providing storage and dropping events equity among the nodes. The adopted WDMA algorithm satisfies the requirement for high performance efficiency especially under high offered load, by taking care to optimally face the bandwidth fragmentation problem and to maximize the bandwidth exploitation, while it effectively avoids both the packets collisions over the wavelengths and the destination conflicts. Numerical results prove that the proposed network model achieves throughput improvement up to 334% as compared with the relative study of Pranggono and Elmirghani (2011). An analytical framework is developed for the protocol throughput predictions under both symmetric and asymmetric IP traffic scenarios. Also, the proposed protocol performance is thoroughly investigated through simulation results based on Poisson and self-similar traffic model statistics, for both traffic scenarios.
CWDM Metropolitan Multiple-Access Ring Network Based on Optical Packet Witching
Photonic Network Communications, 2006
We present a novel CWDM metropolitan multipleaccess ring network based on optical switching of packets according to their wavelength. Each node within the MAN is identified by a combination of wavelength and numerical address. Hence, nodes are able to drop packets presenting a particular wavelength and numerical address, but can insert packets in any wavelength into the ring. This configuration allows wavelength sharing, as several nodes are identified by the same wavelength (but different numerical addresses), and simplifies switching requirements since the set of numerical addresses is reduced. We analyze the viability and scalability of such a network, determining the number of nodes supported by the network under different traffic scenarios and wavelength resources. The impact of switching time on network performance is also analyzed in order to determine which switching technology should be employed when implementing the network.
Analysis of metropolitan ring network based on optical packet switching
Here, we present a metropolitan multiple-access ring network based on optical switching over wavelength division multiplexing. An access point to connect local area networks to the metropolitan ring whose key component is an optical switch is introduced. Several simulations have been performed to study the performance of this network that show its viability for a particular set of standard conditions. Several parameters such as packet latency, traffic load or number of access points per wavelength have been analysed to establish the limitations of this architecture.