Jöns & Woyzek 2016 - Über der Erde, unter der Erde, in den Hospitälern – die Franzosen in Lippstadt - AiW (original) (raw)
Related papers
Der Höhlenforscher 39, (Dresden) 2007, 68–96, 2007
The cave Franzosenhöhle, a prehistoric place of worship on Lilienstein, in Saxon Switzerland (Germany) At the heart of Saxon Switzerland, a rocky landscape on both sides of the Elbe on the border between Bohemia and Saxony, rises high above the Elbe valley the Table Mountain Lilienstein. On its north side a small cave was discovered at the foot of the perpendicular falling rock in 1984. In her entrance appeared prehistoric finds in the sandy soil close to each other. In addition to more than 60 pieces of pottery, these were a flint artefact, a narrow blade-shaped flake of a small core stone. It is probably Mesolithic, as well as material, which is on the southern edge of the summit plateau of Lilienstein surfaced for decades. Significantly, natural fragments, flakes and devices made of flint have served of all things in the Late Hallstatt and Early La Tène often secondary as amulets – in that era so that is occupied by far the most extensively in this cave. Furthermore, a fragment of burnt fine white kaolin clay was found, which is interspersed with vegetable imprints (grasses, herbs, ferns?). Fern is occurrent in the Hallstatt period in connection with tombs – as today too. Maybe it served as a carrier for certain plant parts and possibly as a kind of ancient »chewing gum« – perhaps as part of possible ritual acts used. A definitive explanation is still pending. The probably in a small pit in low depth buried shards are unexpectedly not a closed inventory, but occupy a period of not less than one millennium. Due to their selection and their condition, they are interpreted as collected vessel amulets which – pars pro toto – represent previous sacrificial rituals on the base of the vessels used in this connection and finally buried in a kind of Bothros. Particularly striking are obviously artificial scribbles on the surface of several of these fragments. With the ever reintroduction of congeneric find material even over a span of 1000 years of time proves the cave – as quite some of that ilk – as a unique place of worship. The deferred incentive for such resistant cultic tradition in front of such a small and inconspicuous cave could have offered a water outlet at the cave entrance, and thus the occurrence of two equally sacred nature phenomena – cave and source – at the same place. The change from run and drying up of this water is likely to have particularly obsessed sustainable symbolic power in forecasting impending drought or good harvest prospects. A today slightly tilted stone block in the center of the forecourt, also right next to the reference of which, may have been a former altar stone. The sherds are almost consistently high-quality fine ceramics. It contains (formerly usually painted) white-ground and red engobed crockery and thin-walled, high-fired graphitized ceramic, some decorated with grading pattern, furthermore black varnish goods known by the Heuneburg way. Extensive cultural references are visible, mostly to Bohemia, also to southern Germany, East Bavaria, middle Danube region. The age determinations range from the early Urnfield period (BzD2 / HaA1) over the entire Hallstatt period up to the middle La Tène period (LtB2 / C1). The comparison of the appearance of finds from the cave with prehistoric finds from the rock Lilienstein itself (in units of vessels) clarified over the entire period of time a fluctuating precipitation of finds rotating in the same direction, with individual differences. The comparison of their use phases with the respective climatic development illustrates synchronicity too: Secular climate Optima are also the tops of the precipitate of finds. The most significant in the cave peak of its find precipitation at the beginning of the late Hallstatt period (Ha D1) falls in the middle Danube region just at the time when the Eastern Hallstatt culture collapsed under the attacks of the steppe-nomadic Scythians – events which also here, at the periphery of the Hallstatt world left their mark. Together with the much more indigenous acting ceramic from the rock Lilienstein here revealed a »Holy Place«, bound to a dominant mountain / rock nature sanctuary, as it is typical of the Bronze Age and Iron Age Europe. Addressee of the local ritual events was probably a, the early Greek Artemis related, chthonic goddess. For this, seems a medieval legend of the »Bride on the rock Lilienstein« to fit quite a strange way – a strongly with religious significance charged story that is perhaps further evidence for the constancy of traditions, ranging from prehistoric times to the present day.
Florian Lippke, Priester als Metzger? Orientalisch-theologische Aspekte der Tiertötung, in: Alexis Joachimides, Stephanie Milling, Ilse Müllner, Yvonne Sophie Thöne (Hg.): Opfer – Beute – Hauptgericht Tiertötungen im interdisziplinären Diskurs, Human Animal Studies, transcript: Bielefeld 2016, 23-46
Lippke (2013.3), „Über den Jordan“ oder „zum Bach Ägyptens“? [RVO 1]
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Essling-Wintzer et al. 2015 - Der Töpferofen von Brilon-Alme - AiW
In addition to a potter’s kiln dating from the late 12th/early 13th centuries, evidence pointing to an early manufacture of lead-glazed earthenware was discovered during a survey of a deserted medieval village and potter’s workshop near Brilon-Alme in the Lühlingsbachtal valley. The lead ores required came from the Buchholz mining district located above the valley, where mine slumps attest to heavy metal mining since the end of the 11th and early 12th centuries.