DETECTION OF HBV VIRUS NUCLEIC ACID BY SEROLOGICAL METHODS (original) (raw)
Serological study of viral hepatitis
IP International Journal of Medical Microbiology and Tropical Diseases, 2020
Introduction: Viral hepatitis is caused by hepatotropic virus like hepatitis A, B, C, D, E and G. Viral hepatitis is a major public health problem in India, which is hyperendemic for HAV and HEV. The present study titled 'serological study of viral hepatitis' is undertaken to detect the rate of different hepatitis viral infections, also to identify coexistence of any of these viral hepatitis and an attempt is also made to detect the presence of other hepatitis B virus markers which would help in understanding the prognosis of hepatitis. Material and Methods: Serum samples were tested for detection of hepatitis A IgM, hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C antibody and hepatitis E IgM antibody using specific ELISA kits. For patients showing positive results to HBsAg tests further markers like anti-HBs, HBeAg and anti-HBc were detected by ELISA. Results: A total of 2760 samples were screened for the presence of HAV, HBV, HCV and HEV. And seropositivity was detected. 67 cases were positive for HBsAg (2.7%), 12 for hepatitis A (35.5%), 2 each were positive for hepatitis C (0.69%) and hepatitis E (17%) respectively. Of 2760 patients tested, 2 co-infections occurred HAV along with HBV and HAV with HEV. Conclusion: In this study a total of 2760 cases were screened for viral hepatitis infections. The patients showed positivity to HAV, HBsAg, HCV, HEV and some of the HBV markers. And some co infections were also seen. It is important to diagnose viral hepatitis to limit the spread of this contagious disease. This is particularly important in the routine testing of potential blood donors.
Diagnosis of hepatitis B infections and monitoring of treatment
Journal of Clinical Virology, 2001
Worldside viral hepatitis is still recognized as a mojor problem particularly in developing countries. During the past two decades there has been important progress in the field of viral hepatitis; the adapatation of molecular biology techniques to viral hepatitis has proven to be of great utility in the diagnosis of 'classical' hepatitis viruses, in monitoring during treatment, and also in learning more about the 'new' viruses. Here, the progress and pitfalls of serologic and molecular diagnosis techniques for viral hepatitis, unusual profiles and benefits of quantitative DNA/RNA tests will be discussed.
Classical and Modern Approaches Used for Viral Hepatitis Diagnosis
Hepatitis Monthly, 2014
Context: Viral hepatitis diagnosis is an important issue in the treatment procedure of this infection. Late diagnosis and delayed treatment of viral hepatitis infections can lead to irreversible liver damages and occurrence of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. A variety of laboratory methods including old and new technologies are being applied to detect hepatitis viruses. Here we have tried to review, categorize, compare and illustrate the classical and modern approaches used for diagnosis of viral hepatitis. Evidence Acquisition: In order to achieve a comprehensive aspect in viral hepatitis detection methods, an extensive search using related keywords was done in major medical library and data were collected, categorized and summarized in different sections. Results: Analyzing of collected data resulted in the wrapping up the hepatitis virus detection methods in separate sections including 1) immunological methods such as enzyme immunoassay (EIA), radio-immunoassay (RIA) immuno-chromatographic assay (ICA), and immuno-chemiluminescence 2) molecular approaches including non-amplification and amplification based methods, and finally 3) advanced biosensors such as mass-sensitive, electrical, electrochemical and optical based biosensors and also new generation of detection methods. Conclusions: Detection procedures in the clinical laboratories possess a large diversity; each has their individual advantages and facilities' differences.
Update on hepatitis B and C virus diagnosis
World journal of virology, 2015
Viral hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) are responsible for the most of chronic liver disease worldwide and are transmitted by parenteral route, sexual and vertical transmission. One important measure to reduce the burden of these infections is the diagnosis of acute and chronic cases of HBV and HCV. In order to provide an effective diagnosis and monitoring of antiviral treatment, it is important to choose sensitive, rapid, inexpensive, and robust analytical methods. Primary diagnosis of HBV and HCV infection is made by using serological tests for detecting antigens and antibodies against these viruses. In order to confirm primary diagnosis, to quantify viral load, to determine genotypes and resistance mutants for antiviral treatment, qualitative and quantitative molecular tests are used. In this manuscript, we review the current serological and molecular methods for the diagnosis of hepatitis B and C.
Nucleic acid hybridization in viral Hepatitis research
La Ricerca in Clinica e in Laboratorio, 1988
One of the fruits of the recombinant DNA revolution has been the recent extraordinary advancement of the molecular biology of hepatitis viruses. In obtaining the necessary amount of needed DNA fragments, recombinant DNA procedures are now routinely employed and DNA sequencing has become much more routine task than protein sequencing. Codon sequences of many genes and their function have been worked out and the genome of known hepatitis viruses is now extensively studied.
Journal of Sulaimani Medical College, 2015
Background Diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is routinely based on the serological assay of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) detection. However, detection of HBV DNA has been documented from HBsAg negative samples. Occult hepatitis B virus infection is generally defined as the detection of HBV DNA in the serum or tissues of subjects who have negative test for HBsAg. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the rate of occult HBV infection among HBsAg negative subjects and the introducing of PCR as a diagnostic tool for HBV. Methods Serum samples from thalassemic patients and blood donors, previously tested for HBsAg by ELISA technique, were examined for the presence of HBV DNA by PCR in Kurdistan Technology and Scientific Research Establishment Center. PCR has been used due to its high specificity and sensitivity. Results HBV DNA was detected in 11 (100%) thalassemic patients, who had detectable HBsAg while from 29 HBsAg negative blood samples, 7 samples (24.14%) were positive for HBV DNA. A significant difference was observed between PCR and ELISA tests in detecting HBV markers. Statistically, ELISA had showed (61%) sensitivity when compared to PCR technique in detecting PCR positive HBV DNA sera samples. However, it showed (100%) specificity in detecting PCR negative HBV-DNA samples. Furthermore, no significant association was observed according to sex effects on the incidence of HBV infection. Conclusions These results indicated that HBV DNA was observed in HBsAg negative patients. In addition, the present study showed that using of PCR in detection of the virus in patient's samples is more sensitive than the ELISA assay.
Monitoring low level hepatitis B virus by a newly developed sensitive test
Hepatology Research, 2003
We have recently developed a sensitive quantitative test for hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (HBV RTD DIRECT), which can detect HBV DNA levels as low as 10 0.7 copies/ml. The aim of this study was to explore the significance of viremia changes below the detection limit of the other currently developed sensitive assays, transcriptionmediated amplification and hybridization protection assay (TMA-HPA) and Amplicor HBV Monitor. The subjects consisted of 11 patients with chronic liver disease type B who showed undetectable test results of HBV DNA by TMA-HPA or Amplicor HBV Monitor during the observation period. A total of 150 serial serum samples were examined for viremia level by HBV RTD DIRECT: 139 were positive and 11 were negative. HBV RTD DIRECT could detect viremia in 72 of 78 serum samples negative for HBV DNA by TMA-HPA, or in 38 of 43 serum samples negative for HBV DNA by Amplicor HBV Monitor. The HBV DNA level was gradually increased from its lowest level before the spontaneous reactivation of hepatitis or the emergence of YMDD mutant during lamivudine treatment. However, such a phenomenon was not revealed by either TMA-HPA or the Amplicor HBV Monitor test. #
Study of Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection
Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2021
Introduction: HBV is a DNA virus belonging to family Hepadnaviridae. HBV infection leads to a wide spectrumof liver diseases ranging from acute to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis & hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV is knownto be the 10th leading cause of death. WHO estimates that worldwide more than 2 billion people have beeninfected with HBV. India accounts for a very large proportion of the HBV burden.Aim and objectives: To study the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection among patients attending ourhospital, to know the prevalence among different age groups and among different gendersMaterial and Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study carried out at Dept. of Microbiology,SHKM Govt. Medical College and hospital, Nalhar, Nuh, Haryana for the duration of 6 months (April 2019 toSeptember 2019). A total of 9000 serum samples collected from patients attending outpatient departments,indoor patients and Intensive care unit of SHKM hospital.Results: It was seen that out o...
Serological profile and interpretation of different hepatitis B virus marker
World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are a global public health problem. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is associated with an increased risk of cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In virus-infected liver cells, HBsAg is produced in excess and secreted into the blood, where it serves as a marker for active infection and infectivity. Currently, recombinant HBsAg is used for HBV vaccination, and the development of antibody to HBsAg is typically associated with protective immunity. The likelihood of developing CHB is related to the age at which infection is acquired; the risk being lowest in adults and >90% in neonates whose mothers are hepatitis B e antigen positive. During hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, Different markers of hepatitis B virus are detectable in blood. Presence of this markers in serum carry importance in diagnosing the stage of illness. Most common marker of clinical significance is: HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBe, Anti-HBcI...