Effect of Sage Herb (Salvia officinalis) on Candida albicans and F. hpatitca (original) (raw)
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Antifungal Potential of Some Herb Decoctions and Essential Oils on Candida Species
Healthcare
(1) Background: Candidiasis is a fungal infectious disease caused by opportunistic Candida species. The incidence of candidiasis has improved, due to prolonged antibiotic therapy and an increased number of immunocompromised patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if decoctions and essential oil (EO) of neem (Azadirachta indica, Meliaceae family), coptidis (Coptis chinensis, Ranunculaceae family), magnolia (Magnolia officinalis, Magnoliaceae family), scutellaria (Scutellaria barbata, Lamiaceae family), and the EO of manuka (Leptospermum scoparium, Myrtaceae family), have antifungal activity in vitro against some clinically prevalent species of Candida. (2) Methods: The antifungal activity was studied by the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum lethal concentration (MLC) against five Candida strains. The effect in dimorphic transition of Candida albicans was also evaluated for the two plants with higher antimicrobial behavior. (3) Results: C. chinensis decoction and EO and L. scoparium EO exhibited antifungal activity in Candida spp. In addition to the fact that both C. chinensis decoction and EO proved strong antifungal activity, L. scoparium EO also displayed a relevant inhibitory effect on the dimorphic transition. (4) Conclusions: The results provided support for the potential use of C. chinensis and L. scoparium in the treatment of infections by Candida spp.
Comparison of Salvia officinalis L. essential oil and antifungal agents against candida species
Background: Systemic fungal infections due to pathogenic yeasts are increasing in high-risk patients, and a need is emerging for novel antifungal agents with potent inhibitory activity toward a wide range of pathogenic fungi. In this tudy we investigated the composition and antifungal activity of the essential oil of Salvia officinalis (Lamiaceae) against standard species of Candida and compared the results with commercial antifungal agents. Methods: The aerial parts of Saliva officinalis were collected in May 2011. The essential oil was extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The susceptibility profiles of different Candida species were determined by micro broth dilution assays with oil extracts and a panel of antifungal agents. Results: The minimum inhibitory concentrations of essential oil extracts against C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei (standard species), C. albicans and C. glabrata (isolated from patients) were 15.6, 3.9, 31.3, 31.3 and 1.9 μg/ml, respectively. Chemical analysis of the essential oil revealed the presence of 40 components that made up 99.58% of the total composition. Cineole, borneol, α-thujone, ledene, β-pinene, α-humulene and trans-caryophyllene were the major components of the oil. Conclusion: The oil extract of Salvia officinalis showed good antifungal activity, and could serve as a natural alternative to synthetic fungicides for the control of some important fungal diseases. Keywords: Antifungal activity, Candida albicans, Cineole, Candida glabrata
Inhibitory effects of different medicinal plants on Candida albicans growth
Medycyna Weterynaryjna, 2018
The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antifungal properties of ethanol extracts and essential oils of medicinal plants from Serbia against Candida albicans (C. albicans) ATCC 10231. Ethanol extracts of fifteen plants were investigated, and their effects were compared with those of three different essential oils. The sensitivity of C. albicans to all plants was tested by the agar dilution method. The assay plates were estimated to contain 300, 150, 75, and 37.5 µg/ml of active extracts and 100, 50, 25, and 12.5 µg/ml of active essential oils. Inocula were applied to agar surfaces, giving approximately 106 cfu/ml of C. albicans. No inhibitory effects were observed for ethanol extracts of Hypericum perforatum and Salvia officinalis (MIC > 300 µg/ml). The most effective were the ethanol extract of Aesculus hippocastanum (MIC = 37.5 µg/ml) and the essential oil of Satureja kitaibelii (MIC = 12.5 µg/ml). Other plants showed MIC from 25 to 300 µg/ml. As far as we know...
Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences
The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical components, antioxidant and antifungal activities of the essential oil and plant methanolic extract of Salvia candidissima Vahl. plant, which is one of the sage species. By using Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) method, it was determined that there are 54 components in the essential oil of S. candidissima. These identified components were found to constitute 99.98% of the essential oil. The main components of the essential oil were determined as Spathulenol (12.75%), Caryophyllene oxide (8.67%), Ledene oxide (6.98%) and o-Cymene (6.03%). A antifungal activity of the essential oil against Rhizoctonia solani and Aternaria solani was found. As a result of the study, it was determined that the mycelial growth of A. solani was inhibited by 57.92% as a result of application of 10 μL petri-1 essential oil, while that of R. solani was inhibited by 51.87%. As a result of the antioxidant study conducted with plant extract, the values of Free Radical Scavenging DPPH (lC50 22.96 ± 0.45), Iron Reduction Power (FRAP 1.20 ± 0.16 mmol TE g-1 extract), Copper Reduction Power (CUPRAC 3.30 ± 0.12 mmol TE g-1 extract) and Free Cation Radical Scavenging TEAC (lC50 9.25 ± 0.40 (µg ml-1)) were determined. The Total Phenolic (TP) and Total Flavonoid (TF) contents were found as 83.53 ± 5.92 mg GAE g-1 extract and 59.02 ± 3.59 mg QE g-1 extract, respectively. These results showed that the essential oil and plant methanolic extract of S.candidissima has a significant antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi and strong antioxidant activity.
Microbiology Research Journal International
Aims: The contribution of natural compounds may provide significant progress in the discovery of new antifungal drugs. We aimed to investigate the contribution of carvacrol, farnesol, epigallocatechin gallate, ginger, naringenin and curcumin on the activity of antifungals, voriconazole, caspofungin and amphotericin B against clinical Candida isolates. Methodology: Eight clinical Candida isolates were included in this study. The MIC values of each herbal compound and each antifungal were determined using the reference broth microdilution method. The interactions of herbal compounds and antifungal drugs were assessed by checkerboard microdilution method. Results: The MIC values ranged from 60 to 160 μg/mL for carvacrol, from 16 to 64 μg/mL for epigallocatechin gallate, from 80 to 320 μg/mL for ginger and 800 μg/mL for curcumin. Any MIC value was not detected for farnesol and naringenin in concentrations tested. Although the most common interaction type was indifference, farnesol, car...
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2008
This study was undertaken to compare the antifungal properties of clove (Syzygium aromaticus) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) oils with the synthetic antifungal agents notably, amphotericin B, itraconazole, fluconazole and ketoconazole against Candida albicans in vitro. This is necessary if oil extracts can replace antifungal antibiotics as agents for the treatment of candidiasis. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the essential oils were determined by first solubilizing them with dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) followed by serial twofold dilutions in Sabouraud's broth using Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) control and other 10 isolates of C. albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the oils, showing no visible fungal growth, varied from 1.0 x 10 3 to 2.5 x 10 3 µg/mL for clove and 4.6 x 10 2 to 9.3 x 10 2 µg/mL for thyme while their minimum antifungal end-points were 2.5 x 10 3 and 1.9 x 10 3 µg/mL, respectively. Thyme oil was more antifungal than clove oil. The mean of the MIC's of the antifungal agents notably amphotericin B, ketoconazole, fluconazole and itraconazole were 0.031, 0.015, 1.9, and 0.168 µg/mL, respectively, indicating that they are more antifungal than the oil extracts. The experiment indicates that, in vitro, the antifungal antibiotics are more antifungal than the essential oils. Perhaps, the mode of extraction of the oils may have contributed to the active agents being suboptimal in the extracts.
Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 2008
In the present study, the antifungal activity of selected essential oils obtained from plants used as spices was evaluated against both fluconazole-resistant and fluconazole-susceptible Candida spp. The Candida species studied were Candida albicans , Candida dubliniensis , Candida tropicalis , Candida glabrata , and Candida krusei. For comparison purposes, they were arranged in groups as C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, and Candida non-albicans. The essential oils were obtained from Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breyn, Lippia graveolens HBK, Ocimum basilicum L., Origanum vulgare L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Salvia officinalis L., Thymus vulgaris L., and Zingiber officinale . The susceptibility tests were based on the M27-A2 methodology. The chemical composition of the essential oils was obtained by gas chromatography – mass spectroscopy and by retention indices. The results showed that cinnamon, Mexican oregano, oregano, thyme, and ginger essential oils have different levels of antifungal ac...
Summary Objectives Salvia species have long been described in traditional medicine for various indications. Owing to the widespread use of this genus by ethnic populations, especially for various infections ranging from skin disease to gastrointestinal disorders, we were encouraged to determine whether Salvia rhytidea could be effective against fungal infections. Given the increased incidence of candidiasis in the past decade, limits on the use of antifungal drugs, emergence of azole-resistant Candida species and increased incidence of treatment failures, it is necessary to identify a novel agent with antifungal properties. Aim of the study was to evaluate the antifungal properties of S. rhytidea against various Candida isolates. Materials and methods In this study, at first rosmarinic acid content of plant extract was determined. A total of 96 Candida isolates were tested, including the following species: Candida albicans (n = 42), Candida glabrata (n = 16), Candida tropicalis (n = 11), Candida krusei (n = 9), Candida parapsilosis (n = 9), Candida lusitaniae (n = 7) and Candida guilliermondii (n = 2). The in vitro antifungal activity of methanolic extracts of S. rhytidea Benth. was evaluated against Candida isolates and compared with that of the standard antifungal drug nystatin by using a broth microdilution method, according to CLSI. Results Phytochemical screening results showed that the methanolic extract of S. rhytidea Benth. was rich in flavonoids and tannins. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of S. rhytidea Benth. ranged from 3.125 to > 100 μg/ml and 6.25 to > 100 μg/ml respectively. The growth inhibition value displayed that C. tropicalis, C. krusei and C. albicans isolates were most susceptible to S. rhytidea. Conclusions Findings show that S. rhytidea possesses an antifungal effect against Candida isolates. Citing articles (0) Résumé Objectifs Des espèces du genre Salvia ont été signalées depuis longtemps dans la médecine traditionnelle pour diverses indications. En raison de l’utilisation généralisée de ce genre par les populations ethniques, en particulier pour diverses infections allant de maladies de la peau à des troubles gastro-intestinaux, nous avons été intéressés de déterminer si Salvia rhytidea pouvait être efficace contre les infections fongiques. Compte tenu de l’augmentation de l’incidence des candidoses dans la dernière décennie, des limites sur l’utilisation de médicaments antifongiques, de l’émergence des espèces de Candida résistants aux azolés et de l’augmentation de l’incidence des échecs de traitement, il était nécessaire d’identifier un nouvel agent avec des propriétés antifongiques. Le but de notre étude était d’évaluer les propriétés antifongiques de S. rhytidea contre divers isolats de Candida. Matériels et méthodes Dans cette étude, la teneur en acide rosmarinique d’extrait de plante a été déterminée. Un total de 96 souches de Candida ont été testées, y compris les espèces suivantes : Candida albicans (n = 42), Candida glabrata (n = 16), Candida tropicalis (n = 11), Candida krusei (n = 9), Candida parapsilosis (n = 9), Candida lusitaniae (n = 7), et Candida guilliermondii (n = 2). L’activité antifongique in vitro des extraits méthanoliques de S. rhytidea Benth. a été évaluée contre les isolats de Candida et comparée à celle de la nystatine, médicament antifongique standard, en utilisant un procédé de microdilution en bouillon selon CLSI. Résultats Les résultats de l’analyse phytochimique ont montré que l’extrait méthanolique de S. rhytidea Benth. était riche en flavonoïdes et en tanins. La concentration minimale inhibitrice (MIC) et la concentration des valeurs minimales fongicides (MFC) de S. rhytidea Benth. allaient de 3,125 et > 100 μg/mL et 6,25 et 100 μg/mL respectivement. La valeur d’inhibition de la croissance a montré que les isolats de C. tropicalis, C. krusei et de C. albicans étaient les plus sensibles à S. rhytidea. Conclusions Les résultats montrent que S. rhytidea possèdent un effet antifongique contre les isolats de Candida
Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research
Candida carriage was reported to be common in oral cancer patients, with C. albicans being the predominant species. The prevalence of diseases caused by Candida species have been found to increase in recent years. The aim of our study was to find the antifungal activities at MIC of selected fifteen plant leaves extracts prepared in three different solutions (methanol and ethanol) against the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans isolated from oral cavity infections. It may also help the clinician to treat the patient not only for the particular lesion that is present, but also to treat the infection by Candida albicans so as to reduce its potential to malignant transformation. Material n methods: Leaves extract of selected plant prepared in methanolic and eethanolic solution have been chosen for the investigation of in vitro antifungal activity which acts as expectorant and not having toxic properties on humans while for comparison or control, antifungal drugs have been taken. Res...
The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 2023
This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity and the potential synergistic activity of ten plant extracts (EXs) and ten essential oils (EOs) obtained from the same plant species, namely Agrimonia eupatoria L., Arctium lappa L., Arnica montana L., Bidens cernua L., Corylus avellana L., Echinacea purpurea L. (Moench), Menta piperita L., Trifolium pratense L., Syzygium aromaticum L., and Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels were used. Three species of the genus Candida, namely C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. tropicalis, isolated from polluted estuarine water, were used in this study. The chemical composition of all EOs was evaluated by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis. Firstly, the susceptibility of Candida spp. strains to EXs and EOs was screened by the agar disc diffusion method. Then the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the tested EXs and EOs was determined in a concentration range from 256 to 0.125 µL/mL. Following that, the effective EXs and EOs were divided into two groups (strong effect and weak effect) and tested in combination (strong + weak) at various concentrations depending on the tested strain to determine their potential synergistic effect using the chessboard pattern. The most sensitive strain to treatments with EXs and EOs tested alone and in mixtures was C. albicans. The most potent combinations with other EXs/EOs were observed with Syzygium aromaticum L., for both plant extract and essential oil, respectively. In this study the EOs and EXs tested in combination were much more effective than when acting on the growth of Candida spp. separately. So, the synergistic effect of the combinations of the EXs and EOs can lead to a reduction in the doses of commercial antifungals and can provide an effective way to reduce the infections caused by yeasts of the genus Candida.