Bench Scale Investigation of Factors Influencing in Trihalomethanes Formation in Tetova's Drinking Water: Autumn Season (original) (raw)
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Seasonal Variation of Trihalomethanes Concentration in Tetova's Drinking Water (Part B)
The formation of carcinogenic trihalomethanes (THMs) in the process of water disinfection by chlorine has raised concerns in the scientific community as well as in the public opinion. This study aims to determine the concentration of THMs in Tetova's drinking water during the spring season and compare it with the regulation in the Republic of Macedonia, the European Union, and the World Health Organization. To this end, We have used the UV-VIS spectrophotometric method based on Fujiwara's reaction. The THMs concentration was measured in fifteen different locations in March, April and May 2011. The results indicate that the seasonal variation is below the critical values stipulated in the state, EU, and WHO regulations (seasonal average 20.06 ± 9.72 μg/L). This study is the first of its kind on THMs in the Republic of Macedonia. In conclusion, it can be inferred that the concentration of THMs in the drinking water of Tetova is not hazardous to human health.
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Factors Influencing the Formation of Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water Supplies
Presence of Trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water has become a major concern worldwide because of their adverse health impacts. These THMs are formed due to reaction of chlorine with natural organic matter and other precursors found in water. This study aims at establishing the concentration range of THMs in drinking water supplies. The concentrations of THMs (274-511 μg/l) found to be much higher than the prescribed USEPA standards and WHO guidelines. The study also revealed that amongst various THMs, contribution of chloroform was highest (93.07-98.9%) followed by other THMs. Correlation study delineated that TOC, DOC and UV254 are the main organic precursors responsible for the formation of THMs in drinking water. Bromoform was not detected in the water which can be attributed to the absence of bromide in raw water. Pearson correlation matrix revealed that pH and temperature have also significant and definite correlation (r = 0.767 and 0.945, respectively) with the THMs.
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Disinfection of Drinking Water and Trihalomethanes: A Review
Trihalomethanes (THMs) as the main disinfection by-products (DBPs) during the last four decades have concerned the public and scientific opinion for the possible carcinogenic effect on human health. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the disinfection of drinking water, types of DBPs and the formation of THMs. The formation of THMs during the chlorination process represents a serious health problem, as they significantly increase the possibility of the risk of several types of cancers. In this article we are discuss the health risk imposed by THMs, considered toxic and possible carcinogenic as well as mutagenic to the human body. Thus, their elimination and regular monitoring is imperative. In this article we present the removal technologies for the THMs and their precursors. This article also provides the basic information related to the analytical methods for the determination of the THMs.
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2019
Trihalomethanes have been known as carcinogen material for human by IARC. Considering the Project of seven villages drinking water is supplied from the Droodzen dam and Groundwater and water disinfection with chlorine is performed, this study was carried out to determine THM concentrations in drinking water of Project of seven villages. In this descriptive-cross-sectional research, 32 samples were taken from different points of drinking water distribution system after the villages map meshing so that covers all parts of the system in Spring and Summer seasons in 2017. The reason for these two seasons been variations in the concentration of organic substances in water resources and consequently the concentration of THMs precursors produced and the effect of temperature on the formation of THMs. Gas chromatography technic was used in with electron capture detector for analyzing samples of THM for each of four components including Chloroform, Bromodichloromethane,Dibromocholoromethane ...
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