Industrial Clusters as a Regional Development Tool: A Spatial Analysis on Turkey (original) (raw)

Industrial Clustering Approach in Regional Development: The Case of Turkey

2014

In this paper, a "3-Star Analysis,” commonly used in cluster mapping studies in the European Union (E.U.), was conducted, and manufacturing sectors with clustering potential in Turkey were determined across the 26 regions (NUTS 2). This study first introduces a novel concept of “cluster density index” for the manufacturing sectors in Turkey and then analyzes the relationship between the cluster density index and openness, economic development level and public incentives for investment. In this analysis, we used the non-parametric spearman’s rank correlation to test the relationships between the variables of interest.

An overview on industry clusters and the impact of related variety on regional performance in turkey

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2012

The paper has two objectives. The first objective is to summarize the evolution and current status of cluster policies in Turkey. The second objective is to contribute to the understanding of the role of clusters on regional economic performance through investigating the impact of related variety on regional economic growth in Turkey. The clustering projects in Turkey started in the beginning of 2000 where the national clustering projects are jointly funded by the EU and the Republic of Turkey. The empirical results confirm that related variety across industries is a significant driver of economic growth in Turkey indicating that in designing official clustering policies, it is necessary to take sectoral variety into consideration.

Regional Economic Tendencies of Business Cluster Development

Regional Economic Tendencies of Business Cluster Development, 2017

The clusters and clustering concept has rapidly attracted governments, consultants, and academics' attention around the world since it was first suggested in 1990 by Michael Porter i. He describes business clusters as "geographic concentrations of interconnected companies, specialized suppliers, service providers, and associated institutions in a particular field that are present in a nation or region". Many governments and industry organizations from different countries have recently turned to clustering as a means to stimulate their urban and regional economic growth. Consequently, a large number of cluster initiative organizations were started during the 1990s, and the trend continues (Regional futures research report, 2004: 4; wik-ipedia.org) and it seems that this trend will continue in the future. There is a close relationship between competitiveness of a nation or region's economy and existing clusters in this region. Akgüngör (2004:70) explains the implicit idea behind the clustering as such: "competitive advantage lies outside the boundaries of firms and that interactions across the firms and institutions affect the re-gion's economic performance through diffusion of technology, transfer of innovation , skills and knowledge". In this paper, the researcher accumulates some significant examples of clusters in the world. So that he highlighted the importance of clustering as a new pragmatic approach to economic development.

An Industrial Cluster Study: As A Basis For The Aegean Region's Development Policy

The Aegean Region, which is the focus of this study, is the second most developed region of Turkey. Its share in the GDP has remained relatively stable around 17 percent during 1990-2000 periods according to data provided by State Planning Organization of Turkey. The region enjoys a number of advantages like; high quality human resources, rich experience in manufacturing industry going back to the 19th century, small and medium sized industries comprising the majority of enterprises, a promising potential for inter-firm network development particularly in industries like food, wearing apparels, leather, metal wares and automotive,relatively more foreign direct investment in various branches, an international port, universities,geographic location. However, despite these advantages, the region also has some disadvantages which can be summarized as follows: the lack of implementation of an effective regional development policy,limited number of regional institutions, inadequate institutional coordination between these institutions,poor vocational training, high level of brain drain, foreign trade of the traditional commodities of the region,inefficient R&D, low technology level, etc. In order to overcome these disadvantages, regional resources need to be reallocated according to the requirements of a global competitive environment in the framework of new regional policy. The study aims to identify manufacturing-based clusters across the Aegean Region and these clusters’ provincial locations, so that a base can be formed for potential regional policies. Department of Trade and Industry’s analysis of UK clusters is taken as the basis of methodology to be applied in this paper.

Sectorial aspects of spatial modeling of regional industrial clusters

2017

Considered the sectoral aspect of the cluster policy in relation to the problem of methods for constructing a clustering model of the Russian regions. The purpose of this study is to research methodological approaches to improve the objectiveness of modeling of the сlusters. Introduced the results of the localization coefficient of consolidated economic activities on the subjects of the Russian Federation. key words сluster policy, innovative multicluster, regional and sectoral aspects, localization of production. Palabras clave política innovadora, multiclústicos innovadores, aspectos regionales y sectoriales, localización de la producción. RESUMEN: Se consideró el aspecto sectorial de la política de clusters en relación con el problema de los métodos para construir un modelo de agrupamiento de las regiones rusas. El propósito de este estudio es investigar enfoques metodológicos para mejorar la objetividad del modelado de los clusters. Introdujo los resultados del coeficiente de lo...

Exploring Regional Specialization in Turkey's Manufacturing Industry

Regional Studies Association International Conference, 2003

The focus of the study is based on the assumption that at the heart of each cluster, there exists one or more driver industries in which the region has greatest competitive advantage. The paper aims to explore the regional distribution of National cluster templates and identify regional highpoint clusters, and for each region's highpoint clusters, identify their driver industries. Based on the National cluster templates identified in previous studies using 1996 the Turkish input-output data, the study reveals highpoint industry clusters in Turkey's seven geographical regions whose relative concentration is greater than the National average. The paper further elaborates on highpoint clusters by identifying 4-digit driver industries in each of the highpoint clusters that account for at least 0.2% of the regional work force and which are at least 25% more concentrated than national average. The findings demonstrate that each geographical region in Turkey is specialized in at least one cluster, and in general such clusters' employment in the regions' total employment is greater than 50%. The spatial distribution of the highpoint clusters and their driver industries indicate that each region has unique characteristics with respect to development priorities.

Clusters as a Factor Influencing Regional Policy and Competitiveness

Social Science Bulletin, 2019

The regional policy is a priority of the European Union since too large disparities between and within its member states have been remaining over the past decades, which results in huge differences in regional competitiveness of the EU countries. This paper analyses the diverse impact of clusters on the competitiveness of highly developed and lesser developed regions on different stages of economic development in the world, EU and Latvia. The aim of this research is to evaluate the impact of clusters on regional policy and competitiveness. Methods used in the research include general and quantitative research methods. The methodological basis for defining the determinants of regional competitiveness is the three-stage system of economic development elaborated by the World Economic Forum. Firstly, the theoretical analysis of regional policiesí features is being conducted in the EU. It also includes the analysis of the development of theoretical approach of the regional policy and competitiveness, as well as the systematisation of structural elements, indicators and factors influencing regional competitiveness. Secondly, it analyses origin and nature of the cluster from the economic theory perspective, as well as provides an empirical assessment of the clustersí impact on regional competitiveness from in the world, EU and Latvia. Finally, the paper provides conclusions on research findings about clustersí interaction with regional policy and impact on competitiveness of regions in different stages of development.

Exploring Regional Specializations in Turkey's Manufacturing Industry

The focus of the study is based on the assumption that at the heart of each cluster, there exists one or more driver industries in which the region has greatest competitive advantage. The paper aims to explore the regional distribution of National cluster templates and identify regional highpoint clusters, and for each region's highpoint clusters, identify their driver industries. Based on the National cluster templates identified in previous studies using 1996 the Turkish input-output data, the study reveals highpoint industry clusters in Turkey's seven geographical regions whose relative concentration is greater than the National average. The paper further elaborates on highpoint clusters by identifying 4-digit driver industries in each of the highpoint clusters that account for at least 0.2% of the regional work force and which are at least 25% more concentrated than national average. The findings demonstrate that each geographical region in Turkey is specialized in at least one cluster, and in general such clusters' employment in the regions' total employment is greater than 50%. The spatial distribution of the highpoint clusters and their driver industries indicate that each region has unique characteristics with respect to development priorities.

National industry clusters and regional specializations in Turkey

European Planning Studies, 2003

The article aims to identify industry clusters in Turkey by examining inter-industry selling and purchasing relationships. The 1990 Turkish input-output table is used to identify similarities between selling and purchasing patterns of the 60 manufacturing industries and derive a matrix that describes relative linkages between them. The article also investigates the regional specializations by using the identified national clusters as templates for an analysis of local patterns. Principle component factor analysis reveals the presence of six identifiable industry clusters. The firms within the identified clusters provide a potential to share technical information and knowledge transfer through formal or informal interactions.