Forensic facial reconstruction and its contribution to identification in missing person cases (original) (raw)
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Reconstruction of face from the skull
Forensic science (forensics) is the application of a wide area of sciences to answer questions of interest to a legal system. Forensics may relate to a crime or a civil action. Facial reconstruction from the skull is one of the application of science and art, to aid the identification of a skull with no identity.
Forensic facial reconstruction using computer modelling software
Clement, J.G. and Marks, M.K. (Eds.), Computer-Graphic Facial Reconstruction, New York: Elsevier Academic Press, p. 183-96. ISBN 9780124730519 (Print), 9780080454221 (Online) , 2005
Contact: Steph Davy, SenatorDavy@GoRebels.net, +44 (0)793 942 9983/+ 44 Currently, there is no single answer to the many challenges facing forensic facial reconstruction. The process of completing a three-dimensional clay reconstruction can take several days to complete. With the advent of user-friendly computer software and methods, the time taken to produce a facial reconstruction process could potentially be reduced to mere hours. As computer technology progresses and develops, computer generated facial reconstruction techniques will improve. These developments could save both time and money, as well as increasing the reliability of the technique.
Forensic Facial Reconstruction using Computer Modeling Software
Computer-Graphic Facial Reconstruction, 2005
Contact: Steph Davy, SenatorDavy@GoRebels.net, +44 (0)793 942 9983/+ 44 Currently, there is no single answer to the many challenges facing forensic facial reconstruction. The process of completing a three-dimensional clay reconstruction can take several days to complete. With the advent of user-friendly computer software and methods, the time taken to produce a facial reconstruction process could potentially be reduced to mere hours. As computer technology progresses and develops, computer generated facial reconstruction techniques will improve. These developments could save both time and money, as well as increasing the reliability of the technique.
Computational forensic facial reconstruction
International Conference on Reconstruction of Soft Facial Parts in Potsdam/Germany from 10 to 12 November 2003. Facial Reconstruction Conference Publication 1. Germany: Bundeskriminalamt, p. 29-34., 2004
Rapid developments in three-dimensional (3D) digitised image capture, computer visualisation modelling and animation have begun make inroads into many areas of the forensic sciences, including the rather conservative specialisation of forensic pathology. This has been the result of an interdisciplinary collaboration between forensic pathologists, biological anthropologists and computer scientists. For example ), we have modelled the track of the blade in a sharp force trauma or stabbing incident and been able to exclude certain body postures as having occurred at the time of the injury (March et al. 2003). Forensic facial reconstruction serves to illustrate one aspect of the results of these collaborations, but surveying and reconstruction and modelling and animation of accident (Figure 2) or crime scenes (Figure 3) are other fields in which 3D computerised methods are gradually being adopted (Noond et al. 2002). Again, visualisation can be used as an investigative tool-in comparing scenarios based on conflicting witness statements for example.
Forensic facial reconstruction(FFR) is an auxiliary technique that approximates a face in order to generate identifications. Technological development allows access to open software that can be applied to FFR. The demonstrated protocol has features from creating 3D replicas of the skull to finishing and displaying the reconstruction.PPT GUI is used for 3D scanning, and the resulting point cloud is con verted into a 3D mesh in MeshLab.The sculpture is made in Blender, according to the user’s preferred technique.The adaptation of the skin layer and finishing of the reconstruction is optimized with the use of templates.In this phase,details can also be hand-carved.Allied to basic training in the software featured in this protocol, the open access to these tools and its independence of imaging hardware other than digital cameras is an advantage to its application in forensic and research contexts.
Computerized Forensic Facial Reconstruction: A Review of Current Systems
Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology, 2005
Forensic investigations frequently utilize facial reconstructions/approximations to stimulate recognition and identification. Over the past 25 years, many computerbased systems have been developed, and with the recent rapid advances in medical imaging and computer technology, the current systems claim high levels of efficiency, objectivity, and flexibility. The history of computerized facial approximation/reconstruction is presented, along with a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the technologies. Evaluation of the accuracy and reproducibility of these new systems is critical for the future of computerized facial reconstruction/approximation to become accepted by the wider forensic science field. In addition, constant re-evaluation and assessment will promote further improvement and increase reliability.