Psychosocial interventions for smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart disease (original) (raw)
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Impact of a Brief Motivational Smoking Cessation Intervention
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2009
BACKGROUND-Few studies have rigorously evaluated whether providing biologically-based health risk feedback increases smokers' motivation to quit and long-term abstinence above standard interventions.
Behavioural interventions for smoking cessation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
European Heart Journal, 2008
Widely varying estimates of treatment effects have been reported in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of behavioural interventions for smoking cessation. Previous meta-analyses investigating behavioural interventions have important limitations and do not include recently published RCTs. We undertook a meta-analysis of RCTs to synthesize the treatment effects of four behavioural interventions, including minimal clinical intervention (brief advice from a healthcare worker), and intensive interventions, including individual, group, and telephone counselling.
Smoke reduction and cessation with psychological interventions: A randomized clinical trial
2013
The purpose of our research is to investigate the effectiveness of three types of psychological interventions in both the prevention (Study 1) and treatment (Study 2) of tobacco addiction. Both studies implied a pragmatic parallel-group research design, participants being randomly allocated in one of the three arms of the study in an unblinded manner. The first study consists of 62 occasional, adolescent smokers who were selected according to the criteria proposed and tested in The Framingham Study (Gordon et al., 1975). They were randomly allocated to receive either: (a) an informative intervention; (b) an action and coping planning intervention; (c) an intervention that combined the two aforementioned types in tobacco smoking cessation or (d) a passive control group. Our second study was conducted on a sample of 62 participants who were addicted to cigarette smoking (according to Gordon et al., 1975 and to the DSM IV-R criteria – APA, 2000) between the ages of 23-25 and was aimed ...
Smoking Cessation Interventions in Primary Healthcare Settings
International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Research And Allied Sciences, 2022
In the United States, tobacco use, mostly cigarette smoking, is the primary cause of preventable disease and death. It is commonly known that smoking raises the risk of a variety of cancers, including lung, liver, and colorectal cancers. Smokers account for 85% of lung cancer cases. Quitting smoking has been shown to lessen the risk of having a smoking-related disease among active smokers. A combination of therapy and one or more drugs is more helpful than either counseling or medication alone in helping individuals quit smoking. To provide an adequate evaluation of the different aspects of smoking cessation and the possible interventions in primary healthcare settings. We used the PubMed database for selecting articles, and the following keys were used in the mesh (("smoking cessation"[Mesh]) AND ("interventions"[Mesh]) OR ("primary healthcare"[Mesh])). To help smokers quit smoking, it is important to recognize that nicotine addiction is the root of their problem. Individuals with severe nicotine addiction may become mentally unstable and experience vague uneasiness. Such patients may benefit most from nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). By temporarily replacing the nicotine absorbed from smoking during smoking, the patient reduces the distressing withdrawal symptoms that occur during smoking cessation, leading to easier smoking cessation. Moreover, varenicline and sustained-release bupropion can be also used as first-line treatments for smoking cessation. In addition to pharmacological, behavioral therapies should also be provided to enhance the chances of quitting smoking.
Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 2006
Background: Quitting smoking improves prognosis after a cardiac event. Therefore smoking cessation is highly recommended for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), but many patients continue to smoke, and improved cessation aids are urgently required. Purpose: The objective was to conduct a systematic review of the efficacy of psychosocial interventions to quit smoking in patients with CHD. Methods: Seven electronic databases were searched from the start of the database to August 2003. Search terms were coronary or cardio or heart or cvd or chd and smok* and cessation or absti*. Results were supplemented by cross-checking references. More than 2,000 papers were screened in a first step. Eligibility of studies was assessed (by reviewer Jürgen Barth) and reasons for exclusion were coded. Abstinence rates were computed both according to an intention to treat analysis, and based on follow-up results only. Results: We found 19 randomized controlled trials, comparing a specific psychosocial intervention with "usual care," with a minimum of 6-month follow-up. Interventions consist of behavioral therapeutic approaches, telephone support, and self-help material. The trials mostly included older male patients with CHD, predominantly myocardial infarction. Overall results found a positive effect of interventions on abstinence after 6 to 12 months (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.24-2.21), but substantial heterogeneity between trials. Clustering the trials by type of intervention reduced heterogeneity, although many trials used more than one type of intervention. Trials involving behavioral therapies or telephone contact were little different from self-help techniques (
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 2012
Background: There is no more effective intervention for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease than smoking cessation. Yet, evidence about the (cost-)effectiveness of smoking cessation treatment methods for cardiac inpatients that also suit nursing practice is scarce. This protocol describes the design of a study on the (cost-) effectiveness of two intensive smoking cessation interventions for hospitalised cardiac patients as well as first results on the inclusion rates and the characteristics of the study population. Methods/design: An experimental study design is used in eight cardiac wards of hospitals throughout the Netherlands to assess the (cost-)effectiveness of two intensive smoking cessation counselling methods both combined with nicotine replacement therapy. Randomization is conducted at the ward level (cross-over). Baseline and follow-up measurements after six and 12 months are obtained. Upon admission to the cardiac ward, nurses assess patients' smoking behaviour, ensure a quit advice and subsequently refer patients for either telephone counselling or face-to-face counselling. The counselling interventions have a comparable structure and content but differ in provider and delivery method, and in duration. Both counselling interventions are compared with a control group receiving no additional treatment beyond the usual care. Between December 2009 and June 2011, 245 cardiac patients who smoked prior to hospitalisation were included in the usual care group, 223 in the telephone counselling group and 157 in the face-to-face counselling group. Patients are predominantly male and have a mean age of 57 years. Acute coronary syndrome is the most frequently reported admission diagnosis. The ultimate goal of the study is to assess the effects of the interventions on smoking abstinence and their cost-effectiveness. Telephone counselling is expected to be more (cost-)effective in highly motivated patients and patients with high SES, whereas face-to-face counselling is expected to be more (cost-)effective in less motivated patients and patients with low SES. Discussion: This study examines two intensive smoking cessation interventions for cardiac patients using a multicentre trial with eight cardiac wards. Although not all eligible patients could be included and the distribution of patients is skewed in the different groups, the results will be able to provide valuable insight into effects and costs of counselling interventions varying in delivery mode and intensity, also concerning subgroups.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Objective: Addictions can be beaten if started off with a true motivation to quit it. Enhancing motivation is an important part of overall treatment for smoking cessation as it increases a smoker's courage and enthusiasm to quit smoke. This study aimed to assess effectiveness of various interventional methods to motivate unmotivated smokers with a focus on changing behavioural stage of smokers to quit. Methodology: A single blinded trial was conducted at the outpatient department of ITS dental college and hospital among precontemplation stage smokers allocated into 4 groups and given interventional therapies like general counselling only(group 1), counselling and intra oral camera assessment (Group 2), counselling as well as carbon monoxide monitoring(Group 3)whereas fourth group(Group 4) given a combination therapy of all of them. A baseline evaluation of nicotine dependence and behavioural stage of the smoker was assessed. The patients were then evaluated on presence on their scheduled follow up visits done at interval of 2 weeks and 4 weeks. Descriptive statistics were addressed and the association was evaluated using Pearson chi square test. Any p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Majority of smokers were males(88%) and about 48.8% of them were highly dependent smokers. The change in precontemplation behavioural stage was assessed on basis of follow up visits after interventional therapy which was significantly higher in group 4 receiving combination therapy, followed by carbon monoxide therapy ,counselling and intra oral camera assessment and the least visits in behaviour counselling group (p<0.05). Conclusion: A combination of counselling and other motivational aids therapy is best way possible to help smokers focusing a change on the behavioural stage of the patient from precontemplation to preparation stage.
Clinical Evaluation of a New Smoking Cessation Approach: An Intervention Study
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.12\_Issue.9\_Sep2022/IJHSR-Abstract20.html, 2022
Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a new non pharmacological approach for smoking cessation (COL approach), on a sample of Egyptian smokers. Methods: This study was conducted for 12 weeks on two groups of current smokers willing to quit. An interventional group of 23 current cigarette smokers received a new approach composed of the inter-personal counselling; ready-made meal composed of Avena sativa L seeds in addition to an aromatherapy inhaler device containing an essential oil. A control group of 25 current smokers received interpersonal counselling only, for 12 weeks were compared to the intervention group. Results: The continuous abstinence rate was significantly higher (47.8%) and failure rate was significantly lower (21.8%) among the intervention group at the end of week 12 in comparison to the control group (16.0% and 56.0% respectively; P-value=0.02). The intervention group revealed a significant decline in the mean values of the TCI grade than the control group. In conclusion, the tested approach was effective in increasing the continuous abstinence rate, decreasing the craving numbers, intensity and decreasing the nicotine withdrawal symptoms as compared to the control group. Conclusion: The tested new approach could be embedded as a treatment option within a comprehensive tobacco control strategy. Thus, it is not an alternative but could be complementary for other evidence based strategies
2008
This study was based on a ten-year follow-up of smokers who had participated in a randomized controlled trial of a behavioral self-help program for smoking cessation. The original sample was made up of 200 smokers assigned at random to two treatment groups. Ten years later 93.5% (n = 187) of the sample were successfully located (of the 13 not located, 6 had died), from whom information was obtained about their current state and the evolution of their smoking over the 10-year period. Reported abstinence at this follow-up was confirmed by carbon monoxide in expired air. Significant differences were found in the abstinence rates of the two groups at the follow-ups 1 year (14% vs. 28%) and 2 years (13% vs. 24%) after the end of the treatment. After 10 years 26% (n = 52) of the total sample were abstinent. Over the ten-year period, 62.0% tried to give up smoking at some point, the mean figure for attempts being 1.3. According to the results of the 10-year follow-up, low nicotine dependence at pretreatment is a major factor predicting long-term cessation in smokers.